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Dr. Arkadiusz Matwijczuk
Department of Biophysics, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland

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0 hydrogen bonding
0 Transition metal complexes
0 Molecular Spectroscopy
0 solvent effects
0 Intermolecular interactions

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Journal article
Published: 19 July 2021 in International Journal of Molecular Sciences
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Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized using aqueous honey solutions with a concentration of 2%, 10%, and 20%—AgNPs-H2, AgNPs-H10, and AgNPs-H20. The reaction was conducted at 35 °C and 70 °C. Additionally, nanoparticles obtained with the citrate method (AgNPs-C), while amphotericin B (AmB) and fluconazole were used as controls. The presence and physicochemical properties of AgNPs was affirmed by analyzing the sample with ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) and fluorescence spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The 20% honey solution caused an inhibition of the synthesis of nanoparticles at 35 °C. The antifungal activity of the AgNPs was evaluated using opportunistic human fungal pathogens Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis. The antifungal effect was determined by the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and disc diffusion assay. The highest activity in the MIC tests was observed in the AgNPs-H2 variant. AgNPs-H10 and AgNPs-H20 showed no activity or even stimulated fungal growth. The results of the Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion susceptibility test for C. parapsilosis strains indicated stronger antifungal activity of AgNPs-H than fluconazole. The study demonstrated that the antifungal activity of AgNPs is closely related to the concentration of honey used for the synthesis thereof.

ACS Style

Grzegorz Czernel; Dominika Bloch; Arkadiusz Matwijczuk; Jolanta Cieśla; Monika Kędzierska-Matysek; Mariusz Florek; Mariusz Gagoś. Biodirected Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Aqueous Honey Solutions and Evaluation of Their Antifungal Activity against Pathogenic Candida Spp. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2021, 22, 7715 .

AMA Style

Grzegorz Czernel, Dominika Bloch, Arkadiusz Matwijczuk, Jolanta Cieśla, Monika Kędzierska-Matysek, Mariusz Florek, Mariusz Gagoś. Biodirected Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Aqueous Honey Solutions and Evaluation of Their Antifungal Activity against Pathogenic Candida Spp. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22 (14):7715.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Grzegorz Czernel; Dominika Bloch; Arkadiusz Matwijczuk; Jolanta Cieśla; Monika Kędzierska-Matysek; Mariusz Florek; Mariusz Gagoś. 2021. "Biodirected Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Aqueous Honey Solutions and Evaluation of Their Antifungal Activity against Pathogenic Candida Spp." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 14: 7715.

Journal article
Published: 20 May 2021 in Materials
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Biodegradable materials are used in the manufacture of packaging and compostable films and various types of medical products. They have demonstrated a large number of potential practical applications in medicine and particularly in the treatment of various cardiac, vascular, and orthopedic conditions in adults as well in children. In our research, the extrusion-cooking technique was applied to prepare thermoplastic starch (TPS), which was then utilized to obtain environmentally friendly starch-based films. Potato starch was the basic raw material exploited. Polyvinyl alcohol and keratin were used as functional additives in amounts from 0.5 to 3%, while 20% of glycerol was harnessed as a plasticizer. The processing of the thermoplastic starch employed a single screw extruder-cooker with an L/D ratio of 16. The film blowing process was carried out using a film-blowing laboratory line with L/D = 36. FTIR Spectroscopy was applied for the assignment of the prominent functional groups. The results showed that the processing efficiency of thermoplastic starch with functional additives varied depending on the level of polyvinyl alcohol and keratin addition. Moreover, the FTIR data correlated with the changes in the physical properties of the tested films. The analysis of FTIR spectra revealed several changes in the intensity of bands originating from stretching vibrations characteristic of the –OH substituent. The changes observed depended on the presence/lack of the hydrogen bonding occurring upon interactions between the starch molecules and the various additives used. In addition, notable changes were observed in bands assigned to glycoside bonds in the starch.

ACS Style

Maciej Combrzyński; Tomasz Oniszczuk; Karol Kupryaniuk; Agnieszka Wójtowicz; Marcin Mitrus; Marek Milanowski; Jakub Soja; Iwona Budziak-Wieczorek; Dariusz Karcz; Daniel Kamiński; Sławomir Kulesza; Karolina Wojtunik-Kulesza; Kamila Kasprzak-Drozd; Marek Gancarz; Iwona Kowalska; Lidia Ślusarczyk; Arkadiusz Matwijczuk. Physical Properties, Spectroscopic, Microscopic, X-ray, and Chemometric Analysis of Starch Films Enriched with Selected Functional Additives. Materials 2021, 14, 2673 .

AMA Style

Maciej Combrzyński, Tomasz Oniszczuk, Karol Kupryaniuk, Agnieszka Wójtowicz, Marcin Mitrus, Marek Milanowski, Jakub Soja, Iwona Budziak-Wieczorek, Dariusz Karcz, Daniel Kamiński, Sławomir Kulesza, Karolina Wojtunik-Kulesza, Kamila Kasprzak-Drozd, Marek Gancarz, Iwona Kowalska, Lidia Ślusarczyk, Arkadiusz Matwijczuk. Physical Properties, Spectroscopic, Microscopic, X-ray, and Chemometric Analysis of Starch Films Enriched with Selected Functional Additives. Materials. 2021; 14 (10):2673.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Maciej Combrzyński; Tomasz Oniszczuk; Karol Kupryaniuk; Agnieszka Wójtowicz; Marcin Mitrus; Marek Milanowski; Jakub Soja; Iwona Budziak-Wieczorek; Dariusz Karcz; Daniel Kamiński; Sławomir Kulesza; Karolina Wojtunik-Kulesza; Kamila Kasprzak-Drozd; Marek Gancarz; Iwona Kowalska; Lidia Ślusarczyk; Arkadiusz Matwijczuk. 2021. "Physical Properties, Spectroscopic, Microscopic, X-ray, and Chemometric Analysis of Starch Films Enriched with Selected Functional Additives." Materials 14, no. 10: 2673.

Original research article
Published: 06 April 2021 in Journal of Apicultural Research
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The aim of this study was to assess the quality and characterise a selection of honey varieties with the use of physicochemical, FTIR, and chemometric analysis. The research material consisted of monofloral nectar honeys of 5 distinct varieties: black locust, raspberry, oilseed rape, linden, and buckwheat. The contents of water, soluble solids, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, free acidity, pH, electrical conductivity, and water activity were measured. Infrared spectra were measured within the spectra range from 3700 to 780 cm−1. The obtained results from the FTIR measurements for selected honeys showed the greatest changes in the area of the band maxima: 3333, 1641, 1453, 1248, 1184, 1033, and 985 cm−1. The identification of the origin and chemometric analyses were provided for the spectral regions with the maxima at approximately 3333 and 1641 cm−1 (vibrations from water fractions), 2935 and 2885 cm−1 (symmetrical and asymmetrical vibrations of the -CH2 and -CH3 groups), as well as the fingerprint region where varying intensities of the characteristic bands were observed. Chemometric analysis of the FTIR spectra confirmed the high quality of the analysed honey varieties as well as the differences also in their sugar fractions. The results obtained after employing PCA in the spectroscopic analysis of infrared spectra evidence high applicability of the methods of multi-dimensional statistical analysis in the determination of discrepancies, similarities, and structural characteristics of any given type of honey. A catalogue of FTIR spectra can be created to allow fast and cost-effective identification of honeys, compared to traditional methods.

ACS Style

Monika Kędzierska-Matysek; Anna Teter; Mariusz Florek; Arkadiusz Matwijczuk; Agnieszka Niemczynowicz; Alicja Matwijczuk; Grzegorz Czernel; Piotr Skałecki; Bożena Gładyszewska. Use of physicochemical, FTIR and chemometric analysis for quality assessment of selected monofloral honeys. Journal of Apicultural Research 2021, 1 -10.

AMA Style

Monika Kędzierska-Matysek, Anna Teter, Mariusz Florek, Arkadiusz Matwijczuk, Agnieszka Niemczynowicz, Alicja Matwijczuk, Grzegorz Czernel, Piotr Skałecki, Bożena Gładyszewska. Use of physicochemical, FTIR and chemometric analysis for quality assessment of selected monofloral honeys. Journal of Apicultural Research. 2021; ():1-10.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Monika Kędzierska-Matysek; Anna Teter; Mariusz Florek; Arkadiusz Matwijczuk; Agnieszka Niemczynowicz; Alicja Matwijczuk; Grzegorz Czernel; Piotr Skałecki; Bożena Gładyszewska. 2021. "Use of physicochemical, FTIR and chemometric analysis for quality assessment of selected monofloral honeys." Journal of Apicultural Research , no. : 1-10.

Research article
Published: 15 January 2021 in Drying Technology
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Food producers are interested in products with “clean” composition and natural origin. Thus, the elimination of the carriers additions perfectly fits this trend. The aim of the work was to spray dry pure kiwiberry pulp at low drying air temperature (100 °C and 120 °C), possible by the application of dehumidified air. An additional goal was to compare the effect of the kiwiberry variety (Weiki, Geneva and Bingo) and temperature on powder recovery and physicochemical properties of powders. The powder recovery was up to 93%. Kiwiberry powders were characterized by low hygroscopicity and water activity and high total polyphenolics content. Based on hierarchical cluster analysis method, it was found that the kiwiberry variety had a greater impact on the properties of powders than drying temperature: Weiki powders were characterized by the lowest polyphenolics content and the lowest antioxidant activity, while Weiki and Bingo powders had the highest content of aromatic compounds. Powders obtained at lower temperature were characterized by higher water content and activity, lower hygroscopicity, higher apparent density, smaller particle size and wider particle size distribution. The results are of high practical potential, because powders did not contain any carrier material and were characterized by low hygroscopicity. The most recommended is to use Bingo variety and drying temperature 120 °C.

ACS Style

Aleksandra Jedlińska; Katarzyna Samborska; Artur Wiktor; Michał Balik; Dorota Derewiaka; Arkadiusz Matwijczuk; Ewa Gondek. Spray drying of pure kiwiberry pulp in dehumidified air. Drying Technology 2021, 1 -15.

AMA Style

Aleksandra Jedlińska, Katarzyna Samborska, Artur Wiktor, Michał Balik, Dorota Derewiaka, Arkadiusz Matwijczuk, Ewa Gondek. Spray drying of pure kiwiberry pulp in dehumidified air. Drying Technology. 2021; ():1-15.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Aleksandra Jedlińska; Katarzyna Samborska; Artur Wiktor; Michał Balik; Dorota Derewiaka; Arkadiusz Matwijczuk; Ewa Gondek. 2021. "Spray drying of pure kiwiberry pulp in dehumidified air." Drying Technology , no. : 1-15.

Journal article
Published: 08 January 2021 in Applied Sciences
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The stability of the physico-chemical and sensory characteristics of yoghurts during refrigerated storage is important for industry and the consumer. The aim of the study was to evaluate the nutritional value, microbiological quality, sensory properties, and structure of natural probiotic yoghurts made with the addition of sea buckthorn fruit mousse during refrigerated storage. In this study, we produced natural, probiotic organic yoghurts with the addition of superfoods, i.e., sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) fruit mousse, using ABT-1 probiotic yoghurt starter culture based on Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-5, Bifidobacterium lactis BB-12, and Streptococcus thermophilus. Physico-chemical (acidity, nutritional value, and structure) as well as microbiological and sensory changes occurring during 21-day refrigerated storage were determined. The yoghurts were characterized by high sanitary and hygienic quality during the whole refrigerated storage. Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra were also used in the analyses of the obtained yoghurt samples. The applied yoghurt additive was visible at the spectral level as an increase in the intensity of the characteristic bands for vibrations related to protein, fat, and polysaccharide structures. Sea buckthorn can be used as a modern and unconventional addition to yoghurts with health-promoting properties. Micrographic studies have shown that the addition of sea buckthorn mousse significantly changes the microstructure of the yoghurt. The structure of sea buckthorn to yoghurt seems to be more susceptible to the influence of damaging factors, which is also confirmed by the FTIR test conducted during the storage.

ACS Style

Aneta Brodziak; Jolanta Król; Arkadiusz Matwijczuk; Tomasz Czernecki; Paweł Glibowski; Łukasz Wlazło; Anna Litwińczuk. Effect of Sea Buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) Mousse on Properties of Probiotic Yoghurt. Applied Sciences 2021, 11, 545 .

AMA Style

Aneta Brodziak, Jolanta Król, Arkadiusz Matwijczuk, Tomasz Czernecki, Paweł Glibowski, Łukasz Wlazło, Anna Litwińczuk. Effect of Sea Buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) Mousse on Properties of Probiotic Yoghurt. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11 (2):545.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Aneta Brodziak; Jolanta Król; Arkadiusz Matwijczuk; Tomasz Czernecki; Paweł Glibowski; Łukasz Wlazło; Anna Litwińczuk. 2021. "Effect of Sea Buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) Mousse on Properties of Probiotic Yoghurt." Applied Sciences 11, no. 2: 545.

Journal article
Published: 28 December 2020 in Applied Sciences
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The paper aimed to compare the quality of rapeseed and honeydew honey powders, obtained by two methods of spray drying—traditional at a high temperature (inlet air 180 °C) and innovative low-temperature spray drying with the use of dehumidified air as a drying medium (inlet air 75 °C). Total polyphenol content, antioxidant activity, and the content and types of aromatic compounds were determined. In addition, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) coupled with chemometrics analyses was done. Powders obtained by the low-temperature spray drying method (with dehumidified air) were characterized by a higher content of polyphenols, antioxidant activity, and aromatic compounds, compared to powders obtained by the traditional method. Honeydew honey compared to rapeseed honey was characterized by a higher content of polyphenols, antioxidant activity, and composition of aromatic compounds. The results proved that the production method had a higher impact on the final properties of powders than the type of honey.

ACS Style

Aleksandra Jedlińska; Artur Wiktor; Dorota Witrowa-Rajchert; Dorota Derewiaka; Rafał Wołosiak; Arkadiusz Matwijczuk; Agnieszka Niemczynowicz; Katarzyna Samborska. Quality Assessment of Honey Powders Obtained by High- and Low-Temperature Spray Drying. Applied Sciences 2020, 11, 224 .

AMA Style

Aleksandra Jedlińska, Artur Wiktor, Dorota Witrowa-Rajchert, Dorota Derewiaka, Rafał Wołosiak, Arkadiusz Matwijczuk, Agnieszka Niemczynowicz, Katarzyna Samborska. Quality Assessment of Honey Powders Obtained by High- and Low-Temperature Spray Drying. Applied Sciences. 2020; 11 (1):224.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Aleksandra Jedlińska; Artur Wiktor; Dorota Witrowa-Rajchert; Dorota Derewiaka; Rafał Wołosiak; Arkadiusz Matwijczuk; Agnieszka Niemczynowicz; Katarzyna Samborska. 2020. "Quality Assessment of Honey Powders Obtained by High- and Low-Temperature Spray Drying." Applied Sciences 11, no. 1: 224.

Journal article
Published: 01 October 2020 in Scientific Reports
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This work aimed at the chemical and structural characterization of powders obtained from chestnut flower honey (HFCh) and honey with Inca berry (HBlu). Honey powders were obtained by spray drying technique at low temperature (80/50 °C) with dehumidified air. Maltodextrin (DE 15) was used as a covering agent. The isolation and evaluation of phenolic compounds and sugars were done by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis. Scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction were performed to determine the morphology of the studied honey powders. The obtained results showed that the content of simple sugars amounted to 72.4 and 90.2 g × 100 g−1 in HFCh and HBlu, respectively. Glucose was found to be the dominant sugar with a concentration of 41.3 and 51.6 g × 100 g−1 in HFCh and HBlu, respectively. 3-Phenyllactic acid and ferulic acid were most frequently found in HFCh powder, whereas m-coumaric acid, benzoic acid, and cinnamic acid were the most common in HBlu powder. The largest changes in the FTIR spectra occurred in the following range of wavenumbers: 3335, 1640, and below 930 cm−1. The X-ray diffraction profiles revealed wide peaks, suggesting that both honey powders are amorphous and are characterized by a short-range order only.

ACS Style

Katarzyna Kozłowicz; Renata Różyło; Bożena Gładyszewska; Arkadiusz Matwijczuk; Grzegorz Gładyszewski; Dariusz Chocyk; Katarzyna Samborska; Jolanta Piekut; Marzena Smolewska. Identification of sugars and phenolic compounds in honey powders with the use of GC–MS, FTIR spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Scientific Reports 2020, 10, 1 -10.

AMA Style

Katarzyna Kozłowicz, Renata Różyło, Bożena Gładyszewska, Arkadiusz Matwijczuk, Grzegorz Gładyszewski, Dariusz Chocyk, Katarzyna Samborska, Jolanta Piekut, Marzena Smolewska. Identification of sugars and phenolic compounds in honey powders with the use of GC–MS, FTIR spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Scientific Reports. 2020; 10 (1):1-10.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Katarzyna Kozłowicz; Renata Różyło; Bożena Gładyszewska; Arkadiusz Matwijczuk; Grzegorz Gładyszewski; Dariusz Chocyk; Katarzyna Samborska; Jolanta Piekut; Marzena Smolewska. 2020. "Identification of sugars and phenolic compounds in honey powders with the use of GC–MS, FTIR spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction." Scientific Reports 10, no. 1: 1-10.

Journal article
Published: 11 September 2020 in Molecules
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In our previous work, we discussed the emergence of the dual fluorescence phenomenon in selected compounds from the group of 1,3,4-thiadiazoles. The results obtained in a number of experimental studies, supported by [TD]DFT calculations, clearly indicated that the phenomenon of dual fluorescence stemmed from an overlap of several factors, including the correct conformation of the analyzed molecule and, very significantly in this context, aggregation effects. Where those two conditions were met, we could observe the phenomenon of intermolecular charge transfer (CT) and the emergence of electronic states responsible for long wave emissions. However, in light of the new studies presented in this paper, we were able, for the first time, to provide a specific theory for the effect of dual fluorescence observed in the analyzed group of 1,3,4-thiadiazoles. We present the results of spectroscopic measurements conducted for two selected analogues from the 1,3,4-thiadiazole group, both in polar and non-polar solvents, which clearly evidence (as we have already suspected in the past, albeit have not shown in publications to date) the possibility of processes related to emission from the tautomer formed in the process of excited state intramolecular proton transfer, which is responsible for the long-wavelength emissions observed in the selected analogues. The presented results obtained with the use of UV-Vis, fluorescence (stationary and time-resolved), FTIR, and Raman spectroscopy, as well as from calculations of dipole moment changes between the ground and excited state with the use of two derivatives with different structures of the resorcylic system, corroborated our standing hypothesis. At the same time, they excluded the presence of ground state keto forms of the analyzed analogues unless necessitated by the structure of the molecule itself. In this case, aggregation factors enhance the observed effects related to the dual fluorescence of the analyzed compounds (by way of AIE—aggregated induced emissions).

ACS Style

Grzegorz Czernel; Iwona Budziak; Anna Oniszczuk; Dariusz Karcz; Katarzyna Pustuła; Andrzej Górecki; Alicja Matwijczuk; Bożena Gładyszewska; Mariusz Gagoś; Andrzej Niewiadomy; Arkadiusz Matwijczuk. ESIPT-Related Origin of Dual Fluorescence in the Selected Model 1,3,4-Thiadiazole Derivatives. Molecules 2020, 25, 4168 .

AMA Style

Grzegorz Czernel, Iwona Budziak, Anna Oniszczuk, Dariusz Karcz, Katarzyna Pustuła, Andrzej Górecki, Alicja Matwijczuk, Bożena Gładyszewska, Mariusz Gagoś, Andrzej Niewiadomy, Arkadiusz Matwijczuk. ESIPT-Related Origin of Dual Fluorescence in the Selected Model 1,3,4-Thiadiazole Derivatives. Molecules. 2020; 25 (18):4168.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Grzegorz Czernel; Iwona Budziak; Anna Oniszczuk; Dariusz Karcz; Katarzyna Pustuła; Andrzej Górecki; Alicja Matwijczuk; Bożena Gładyszewska; Mariusz Gagoś; Andrzej Niewiadomy; Arkadiusz Matwijczuk. 2020. "ESIPT-Related Origin of Dual Fluorescence in the Selected Model 1,3,4-Thiadiazole Derivatives." Molecules 25, no. 18: 4168.

Journal article
Published: 10 August 2020 in International Journal of Molecular Sciences
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Classical synthetic protocols were applied for the isolation of three novel 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives which were then complexed with the biologically important Cu(II) and Zn(II) ions. All free ligands and their corresponding complexes were characterized using a number of spectroscopic techniques including Ultraviolet-visible (UV–vis), Fluorescence, Infrared (FT-IR), tandem liquid chromatography-mass (LC-MS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy (1H, 13C, HSQC, HMBC). The results obtained are consistent with the formation of dihydrate complexes, in which the chelation of the metal ion occurs via one of the thiadiazole nitrogen atoms and the deprotonated hydroxyl group of the neighboring resorcynyl moiety. The Zn(II) complexes utilize a 1:1 ligand–metal ratio, while in the Cu(II) complexes the ligand–metal ratio is 2:1. Although the antibacterial testing identified moderate activity of the compounds against the tested bacterial strains and additionally modest antioxidant activity, a strong synergistic antibacterial effect against Staphylococcus aureus, using concomitant treatment of thiadiazole derivatives with the commercial antibiotic kanamycin, was observed. The most active thiadiazole derivative demonstrated a minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 500 μg/mL while it was 125 μg/mL in the presence of kanamycin. Moreover, in the presence of few thiadiazole derivatives the MIC value of kanamycin decreased from 0.39 μg/mL to 0.5 μg/mL. The antioxidant activity (IC50) of the most active thiadiazole derivative was determined as 0.13 mM which was nearly three-fold lower compared to that of TROLOX (0.5 mM).

ACS Style

Dariusz Karcz; Arkadiusz Matwijczuk; Daniel Kamiński; Bernadette Creaven; Ewa Ciszkowicz; Katarzyna Lecka-Szlachta; Karolina Starzak. Structural Features of 1,3,4-Thiadiazole-Derived Ligands and Their Zn(II) and Cu(II) Complexes Which Demonstrate Synergistic Antibacterial Effects with Kanamycin. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2020, 21, 5735 .

AMA Style

Dariusz Karcz, Arkadiusz Matwijczuk, Daniel Kamiński, Bernadette Creaven, Ewa Ciszkowicz, Katarzyna Lecka-Szlachta, Karolina Starzak. Structural Features of 1,3,4-Thiadiazole-Derived Ligands and Their Zn(II) and Cu(II) Complexes Which Demonstrate Synergistic Antibacterial Effects with Kanamycin. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21 (16):5735.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dariusz Karcz; Arkadiusz Matwijczuk; Daniel Kamiński; Bernadette Creaven; Ewa Ciszkowicz; Katarzyna Lecka-Szlachta; Karolina Starzak. 2020. "Structural Features of 1,3,4-Thiadiazole-Derived Ligands and Their Zn(II) and Cu(II) Complexes Which Demonstrate Synergistic Antibacterial Effects with Kanamycin." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 16: 5735.

Journal article
Published: 06 July 2020 in Materials
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The aim of the study is to determine the energy consumption of the extrusion-cooking process of corn straw under various conditions (screw speed, moisture content), water absorption measurements and water solubility indices as well as biogas efficiency evaluation. The extrusion-cooking of corn straw was carried out using a single screw extruder with L/D = 16:1 at various rotational screw speeds (70, 90, and 110 rpm) and with various initial moisture content of raw material (25 and 40%). Prior to the process, the moisture content of the raw material was measured, and next, it was moistened to 25 and 40% of dry matter. For example, at 70 rpm extruder screw speed, the temperature range was 126–150 °C. Energy consumption of straw pretreatment through extrusion-cooking was assessed in order to evaluate the possibility of using the process in an agricultural biogas plant. Biogas and methane efficiency of substrates after extrusion was tested in a laboratory scale biogas plant and expressed as a volume of cumulative methane production for fresh matter, dry matter, and dry organic matter. Pretreated corn straw moistened to 25% and processed at 110 rpm during the extrusion-cooking processing produced the most advantageous effect for methane and biogas production (51.63%) efficiency as compared to corn straw without pretreatment (49.57%). Rotational speed of the extruder screw influenced biogas and methane production. With both dry matter and dry organic matter, the increase of rotational speed of the extruder screw improved the production of cumulated biogas and methane. Pretreatment of corn straw has a positive effect on the acquisition of cumulated methane (226.3 Nm3 Mg−1 for fresh matter, 243.99 Nm3 Mg−1 for dry matter, and 254.83 Nm3 Mg−1 for dry organic matter). Preliminary analysis of infrared spectra revealed changes in the samples also at the molecular level, thus opening up the possibility of identifying marker bands that account for specific degradation changes.

ACS Style

Karol Kupryaniuk; Tomasz Oniszczuk; Maciej Combrzyński; Wojciech Czekała; Arkadiusz Matwijczuk. The Influence of Corn Straw Extrusion Pretreatment Parameters on Methane Fermentation Performance. Materials 2020, 13, 3003 .

AMA Style

Karol Kupryaniuk, Tomasz Oniszczuk, Maciej Combrzyński, Wojciech Czekała, Arkadiusz Matwijczuk. The Influence of Corn Straw Extrusion Pretreatment Parameters on Methane Fermentation Performance. Materials. 2020; 13 (13):3003.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Karol Kupryaniuk; Tomasz Oniszczuk; Maciej Combrzyński; Wojciech Czekała; Arkadiusz Matwijczuk. 2020. "The Influence of Corn Straw Extrusion Pretreatment Parameters on Methane Fermentation Performance." Materials 13, no. 13: 3003.

Journal article
Published: 17 June 2020 in Energies
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The primary objective of the research was to compare the viscosity parameters of the same viscosity grade engine oils, as declared by the manufacturers, to the actual laboratory measurements. The secondary objective was to briefly investigate (1) what kind of information oil manufacturers provide in the product data sheets of the studied oils, and (2) the potential savings resulting from the use of the energy efficient oils. The study material consisted of 42 selected synthetic engine oils that belong to the 5W-30 viscosity grade. Stabinger SVM 3001 viscometer was used to determine kinematic viscosity at −20 °C, 40 °C, 100 °C and 130 °C. The HTHS (high temperature high shear), CCS (cold cranking simulator), FTIR (Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy) and GC (Gas Chromatography) measurements were also performed for the samples that had the lowest and the highest kinematic viscosity. Large differences (5–25%) between oil producers’ declarations and the results of laboratory tests were found. Although all of the engine oils tested met the 5W-30 grade standards, the high variability of viscosity measurements needs to be reported. The difference between the oil with the highest and the oil with the lowest kinematic viscosity at −20 °C was 11,804 mm2/s. The outlying temperature-related viscosity profiles were recovered using Mahalanobis distances which identified 16 out of 42 analyzed oil samples as atypical.

ACS Style

Artur Wolak; Grzegorz Zając; Kamil Fijorek; Piotr Janocha; Arkadiusz Matwijczuk. Experimental Investigation of the Viscosity Parameters Ranges—Case Study of Engine Oils in the Selected Viscosity Grade. Energies 2020, 13, 1 .

AMA Style

Artur Wolak, Grzegorz Zając, Kamil Fijorek, Piotr Janocha, Arkadiusz Matwijczuk. Experimental Investigation of the Viscosity Parameters Ranges—Case Study of Engine Oils in the Selected Viscosity Grade. Energies. 2020; 13 (12):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Artur Wolak; Grzegorz Zając; Kamil Fijorek; Piotr Janocha; Arkadiusz Matwijczuk. 2020. "Experimental Investigation of the Viscosity Parameters Ranges—Case Study of Engine Oils in the Selected Viscosity Grade." Energies 13, no. 12: 1.

Review
Published: 13 May 2020 in Nutrients
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There is increased interest in following a healthy lifestyle and consuming a substantial portion of secondary plant metabolites, such as polyphenols, due to their benefits for the human body. Food products enriched with various forms of fruits and vegetables are sources of pro-health components. Nevertheless, in many cases, the level of their activities is changed in in vivo conditions. The changes are strictly connected with processes in the digestive system that transfigure the structure of the active compounds and simultaneously keep or modify their biological activities. Much attention has focused on their bioavailability, a prerequisite for further physiological functions. As human studies are time consuming, costly and restricted by ethical concerns, in vitro models for investigating the effects of digestion on these compounds have been developed to predict their release from the food matrix, as well as their bioaccessibility. Most typically, models simulate digestion in the oral cavity, the stomach, the small intestine and, occasionally, the large intestine. The presented review aims to discuss the impact of in vitro digestion on the composition, bioaccessibility and antioxidant activity of food polyphenols. Additionally, we consider the influence of pH on antioxidant changes in the aforementioned substances.

ACS Style

Karolina Wojtunik-Kulesza; Anna Oniszczuk; Tomasz Oniszczuk; Maciej Combrzyński; Dominika Nowakowska; Arkadiusz Matwijczuk. Influence of In Vitro Digestion on Composition, Bioaccessibility and Antioxidant Activity of Food Polyphenols—A Non-Systematic Review. Nutrients 2020, 12, 1401 .

AMA Style

Karolina Wojtunik-Kulesza, Anna Oniszczuk, Tomasz Oniszczuk, Maciej Combrzyński, Dominika Nowakowska, Arkadiusz Matwijczuk. Influence of In Vitro Digestion on Composition, Bioaccessibility and Antioxidant Activity of Food Polyphenols—A Non-Systematic Review. Nutrients. 2020; 12 (5):1401.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Karolina Wojtunik-Kulesza; Anna Oniszczuk; Tomasz Oniszczuk; Maciej Combrzyński; Dominika Nowakowska; Arkadiusz Matwijczuk. 2020. "Influence of In Vitro Digestion on Composition, Bioaccessibility and Antioxidant Activity of Food Polyphenols—A Non-Systematic Review." Nutrients 12, no. 5: 1401.

Journal article
Published: 06 May 2020 in Biomolecules
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The anti-hypochlorite activity of açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart.), goji (Lycium barbarum L.) and schisandra (Schisandra chinensis) fruit extracts were assessed by determining the reactive chlorine species (RCS)-scavenging ability of these three “super-food” berries. In addition, the aqueous extracts obtained were employed as both the media and the catalyst in a green chemistry approach to the synthesis of a coumarin-based fluorescence turn-off sensor, which was then used for anti-hypochlorite activity testing. The aqueous extracts were also assessed for total phenolic content (TPC), using the Folin–Ciocalteu method, and the antioxidant activity using the ABTS+• assay. Moreover, the main water-soluble polyphenolic constituents of the extracts were identified by the HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS technique. Among the extracts tested, açaí demonstrated the highest anti-hypochlorite and antioxidant activities, while the highest TPC value was found for the goji extract. All extracts demonstrated modest catalytic activity as Knoevenagel condensation catalysts.

ACS Style

Karolina Starzak; Tomasz Świergosz; Arkadiusz Matwijczuk; Bernadette Creaven; Janusz Podleśny; Dariusz Karcz. Anti-Hypochlorite, Antioxidant, and Catalytic Activity of Three Polyphenol-Rich Super-Foods Investigated with the Use of Coumarin-Based Sensors. Biomolecules 2020, 10, 723 .

AMA Style

Karolina Starzak, Tomasz Świergosz, Arkadiusz Matwijczuk, Bernadette Creaven, Janusz Podleśny, Dariusz Karcz. Anti-Hypochlorite, Antioxidant, and Catalytic Activity of Three Polyphenol-Rich Super-Foods Investigated with the Use of Coumarin-Based Sensors. Biomolecules. 2020; 10 (5):723.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Karolina Starzak; Tomasz Świergosz; Arkadiusz Matwijczuk; Bernadette Creaven; Janusz Podleśny; Dariusz Karcz. 2020. "Anti-Hypochlorite, Antioxidant, and Catalytic Activity of Three Polyphenol-Rich Super-Foods Investigated with the Use of Coumarin-Based Sensors." Biomolecules 10, no. 5: 723.

Journal article
Published: 22 April 2020 in Agronomy
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The paper explores the impact of electromagnetic stimulation of Ulstar alfalfa seeds on fresh mass yield, the quantum efficiency of the plants’ photochemical reactions, and the content of photosynthetic pigments in leaves. Before sowing, seeds were subjected to electromagnetic stimulation in the following configurations: control (C), no stimulation; stimulation with He–Ne laser light with the wavelength of 632.8 nm, surface power density of 3 mW·cm−2 and exposition time of 1 min (L1) or 5 min (L5); stimulation with alternating magnetic field with the induction of 30 mT and exposition time of 1 min (F1) or 5 min (F5). It was established that the variability of alfalfa yields at the onset of anthesis was dependent on weather conditions as well as, above all, on the electromagnetic stimulation employed. At the same time, the values of fresh mass yield of alfalfa and photosynthetic efficiency were higher in the first year of cultivation (2014) compared to the last year (2016). In terms of photosynthetic efficiency, the best results were observed for L1 and F5, respectively: 0.801 and 0.800. The significantly highest values in terms of chlorophyll a and b and carotenoid content were observed in 2014 at the onset of budding in the combination involving alternating magnetic field stimulation (F5), and were, respectively, 30%, 28% and 73% relative to the control.

ACS Style

Agata Dziwulska-Hunek; Agnieszka Kornarzyńska-Gregorowicz; Agnieszka Niemczynowicz; Arkadiusz Matwijczuk. Influence of Electromagnetic Stimulation of Seeds on the Photosynthetic Indicators in Medicago sativa L. Leaves at Various Stages of Development. Agronomy 2020, 10, 594 .

AMA Style

Agata Dziwulska-Hunek, Agnieszka Kornarzyńska-Gregorowicz, Agnieszka Niemczynowicz, Arkadiusz Matwijczuk. Influence of Electromagnetic Stimulation of Seeds on the Photosynthetic Indicators in Medicago sativa L. Leaves at Various Stages of Development. Agronomy. 2020; 10 (4):594.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Agata Dziwulska-Hunek; Agnieszka Kornarzyńska-Gregorowicz; Agnieszka Niemczynowicz; Arkadiusz Matwijczuk. 2020. "Influence of Electromagnetic Stimulation of Seeds on the Photosynthetic Indicators in Medicago sativa L. Leaves at Various Stages of Development." Agronomy 10, no. 4: 594.

Journal article
Published: 19 March 2020 in Materials
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Biodegradable materials are used in the manufacture of packaging and compostable films and various types of medical products. These have demonstrated high potential in medical applications: cardiac, vascular and orthopaedic conditions in adults as well in children. In our research, the extrusion-cooking technique was used to obtain environmentally friendly loose-fill foams as packaging. Potato starch was the basic raw material. Polyvinyl alcohol was used as an additive in the amount of 1%, 2% and 3% to replace starch. The components were mixed and moistened with water to various initial moisture contents of the blend (17%, 18% and 19%). The processing of starch foams employed the TS-45 single screw extruder-cooker (Gliwice, Poland) with the L/D ratio of 12. The foams were processed with various screw speeds (100 and 130 rpm) and with two types of forming dies (circular and ring die). The extrusion-cooking process efficiency (kg h−1) and the energy consumption (kWh kg−1) during the processing were also measured. The results showed that the processing efficiency of potato starch foams varied depending on the level of polyvinyl alcohol, the shape of the forming die and the screw speed applied. The analysis of energy consumption, mechanical properties and FTIR analyses demonstrated that the type of the forming die and the initial moisture level had the most significant impact on specific energy demands during the processing of potato starch-based foams.

ACS Style

Maciej Combrzyński; Arkadiusz Matwijczuk; Agnieszka Wójtowicz; Tomasz Oniszczuk; Dariusz Karcz; Jarosław Szponar; Agnieszka Niemczynowicz; Dariusz Bober; Marcin Mitrus; Karol Kupryaniuk; Mateusz Stasiak; Bohdan Dobrzański; Anna Oniszczuk. Potato Starch Utilization in Ecological Loose-Fill Packaging Materials—Sustainability and Characterization. Materials 2020, 13, 1390 .

AMA Style

Maciej Combrzyński, Arkadiusz Matwijczuk, Agnieszka Wójtowicz, Tomasz Oniszczuk, Dariusz Karcz, Jarosław Szponar, Agnieszka Niemczynowicz, Dariusz Bober, Marcin Mitrus, Karol Kupryaniuk, Mateusz Stasiak, Bohdan Dobrzański, Anna Oniszczuk. Potato Starch Utilization in Ecological Loose-Fill Packaging Materials—Sustainability and Characterization. Materials. 2020; 13 (6):1390.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Maciej Combrzyński; Arkadiusz Matwijczuk; Agnieszka Wójtowicz; Tomasz Oniszczuk; Dariusz Karcz; Jarosław Szponar; Agnieszka Niemczynowicz; Dariusz Bober; Marcin Mitrus; Karol Kupryaniuk; Mateusz Stasiak; Bohdan Dobrzański; Anna Oniszczuk. 2020. "Potato Starch Utilization in Ecological Loose-Fill Packaging Materials—Sustainability and Characterization." Materials 13, no. 6: 1390.

Research article
Published: 25 February 2020 in PLoS ONE
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The paper presents the results of studies conducted with the use of stationary and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy for the new derivative 2-Hydroxy-N-(2-phenylethyl)benzamide (SAL-3) in aqueous solutions with various concentrations of hydrogen ions as well as in solvent mixtures (i.e. media with changing polarity/polarizability). For the compound selected for the study placed in aqueous solutions with varying concentrations of hydrogen ions, the fluorescence emission spectra revealed a single emission band within most of the pH range, however, at low pH (pH<3) a significant broadening (noticeable effect of dual fluorescence) and shifting of the band was observed. Whereas, for water and polar (protic) solvents, we observed a very interesting phenomenon of dual fluorescence never before reported for this particular group of analogues (with the specific substituent system). Based on the results of the experiments, it was observed that the presented effects may be related both with conformational effects (related to the possible positioning of the–OH group on the side of the carbonyl system, which facilitates the possibility of proton transfer) as well as, most importantly, the effects of excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT–Excited State Intramolecular Proton Transfer) related in this case with the necessary (new/previously unobserved in published literature) presence of ionic and non-ionic forms of the compound). Both the conducted quantum-mechanical [TD]DFT–Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory) calculations and excited state dipole moment change calculations for the analyzed molecule in solvents with varying pH confirmed the association between the observed fluorescence phenomena and the two aforementioned effects.

ACS Style

Agnieszka Niemczynowicz; Iwona Budziak; Sławomir Kulesza; Andrzej Górecki; Marcin Makowski; Dariusz Karcz; Karolina Starzak; Bożena Gładyszewska; Janusz Podleśny; Agnieszka I. Piotrowicz-Cieślak; Arkadiusz Matwijczuk. Spectroscopic and theoretical studies of fluorescence effects induced by the ESIPT process in a new derivative 2-Hydroxy-N-(2-phenylethyl)benzamide – Study on the effects of pH and medium polarity changes. PLoS ONE 2020, 15, e0229149 .

AMA Style

Agnieszka Niemczynowicz, Iwona Budziak, Sławomir Kulesza, Andrzej Górecki, Marcin Makowski, Dariusz Karcz, Karolina Starzak, Bożena Gładyszewska, Janusz Podleśny, Agnieszka I. Piotrowicz-Cieślak, Arkadiusz Matwijczuk. Spectroscopic and theoretical studies of fluorescence effects induced by the ESIPT process in a new derivative 2-Hydroxy-N-(2-phenylethyl)benzamide – Study on the effects of pH and medium polarity changes. PLoS ONE. 2020; 15 (2):e0229149.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Agnieszka Niemczynowicz; Iwona Budziak; Sławomir Kulesza; Andrzej Górecki; Marcin Makowski; Dariusz Karcz; Karolina Starzak; Bożena Gładyszewska; Janusz Podleśny; Agnieszka I. Piotrowicz-Cieślak; Arkadiusz Matwijczuk. 2020. "Spectroscopic and theoretical studies of fluorescence effects induced by the ESIPT process in a new derivative 2-Hydroxy-N-(2-phenylethyl)benzamide – Study on the effects of pH and medium polarity changes." PLoS ONE 15, no. 2: e0229149.

Communication
Published: 18 February 2020 in Molecules
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Prickly pear (Opuntia ficus indica (L.) Mill.) is a rich source of vitamins C, B1, B2, A, and E, minerals such as calcium, potassium, magnesium, iron, and phosphorus, as well as bioactive substances, i.e., carotenoids, betalains, and phenolic compounds. Of these, the phenolic acids, betalains, and flavonoids are notable in that they are largely responsible for the health-promoting properties of this plant. The purpose of the presented research was to first determine the antioxidant properties and the content of polyphenolic compounds (including individual phenolic acids) in prickly pear fruit, then to produce an innovative gluten-free pasta from rice-field bean flour enriched with various amounts of pear prickly fruit. The content of free phenolic acids, the sum of polyphenols and antioxidant properties of pasta were subsequently determined in the supplemented pasta. Chromatographic analysis (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS) showed a wide variety of phenolic acids. In the fruit sample, 14 acids were detected, whereas in the pasta sample without additives, 9. The dominant acid was isoferulic. The total content of free phenolic acids and the sum of polyphenols increased with increasing content of the functional additive. Moreover, the content of individual acids generally increased as the Opuntia fruit was added. The antioxidant activity was also positively correlated with the addition of fruit, with the content of free phenolic acids and the sum of polyphenols. Our research has shown that our innovative pasta with the addition of prickly fruit can become a source of the free phenolic acids indispensable for human health.

ACS Style

Anna Oniszczuk; Agnieszka Wójtowicz; Tomasz Oniszczuk; Arkadiusz Matwijczuk; Ahlem Dib; Ewa Markut-Miotła. Opuntia Fruits as Food Enriching Ingredient, the First Step towards New Functional Food Products. Molecules 2020, 25, 916 .

AMA Style

Anna Oniszczuk, Agnieszka Wójtowicz, Tomasz Oniszczuk, Arkadiusz Matwijczuk, Ahlem Dib, Ewa Markut-Miotła. Opuntia Fruits as Food Enriching Ingredient, the First Step towards New Functional Food Products. Molecules. 2020; 25 (4):916.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Anna Oniszczuk; Agnieszka Wójtowicz; Tomasz Oniszczuk; Arkadiusz Matwijczuk; Ahlem Dib; Ewa Markut-Miotła. 2020. "Opuntia Fruits as Food Enriching Ingredient, the First Step towards New Functional Food Products." Molecules 25, no. 4: 916.

Journal article
Published: 10 January 2020 in International Agrophysics
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Mariusz Florek; Monika Kędzierska-Matysek; Anna Teter; Arkadiusz Matwijczuk; Grzegorz Czernel; Alicja Matwijczuk; Piotr Skałecki; Piotr Domaradzki. Texture characteristics of raw rapeseed honey after storage at room temperature or freezing and heating up to 50°C. International Agrophysics 2020, 1, 57 -64.

AMA Style

Mariusz Florek, Monika Kędzierska-Matysek, Anna Teter, Arkadiusz Matwijczuk, Grzegorz Czernel, Alicja Matwijczuk, Piotr Skałecki, Piotr Domaradzki. Texture characteristics of raw rapeseed honey after storage at room temperature or freezing and heating up to 50°C. International Agrophysics. 2020; 1 (34):57-64.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mariusz Florek; Monika Kędzierska-Matysek; Anna Teter; Arkadiusz Matwijczuk; Grzegorz Czernel; Alicja Matwijczuk; Piotr Skałecki; Piotr Domaradzki. 2020. "Texture characteristics of raw rapeseed honey after storage at room temperature or freezing and heating up to 50°C." International Agrophysics 1, no. 34: 57-64.

Journal article
Published: 14 November 2019 in Sustainability
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Oils often have similar properties and can be difficult to identify based on color, smell or taste alone. The present paper suggests the use of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) in combination with chemometric methods to explore similarities and differentiate between samples of Moldavian dragonhead oil subjected to different storage conditions. Dragonhead is a plant characterized by very good honey output and ease of cultivation. Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to a standard, full range of FTIR spectra. Additionally, hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) was employed to explore the organization of the samples in groups relative to their “proximity” (similarity), by way of Euclidean distance measurement. PC1 and PC2 accounted respectively for 85.4% and 10.1% of the total data variance. PC1 and PC2 were strongly, negatively correlated within the entire spectral range; the only exception was the region corresponding to νs(-C-Hvst, -CH2) vibrations (aliphatic groups in triglycerides), where PC2 was positively correlated. The use of FTIR spectral analysis revealed noticeable differences in the intensity of bands characteristic of the ageing processes (markers of oxidative processes, etc.) taking place in oleaginous samples and related to the processes of fatty acids oxidation.

ACS Style

Arkadiusz Matwijczuk; Tomasz Oniszczuk; Edyta Chruściel; Anna Kocira; Agnieszka Niemczynowicz; Agnieszka Wójtowicz; Maciej Combrzyński; Dariusz Wiącek. Use of FTIR Spectroscopy and Chemometrics with Respect to Storage Conditions of Moldavian Dragonhead Oil. Sustainability 2019, 11, 6414 .

AMA Style

Arkadiusz Matwijczuk, Tomasz Oniszczuk, Edyta Chruściel, Anna Kocira, Agnieszka Niemczynowicz, Agnieszka Wójtowicz, Maciej Combrzyński, Dariusz Wiącek. Use of FTIR Spectroscopy and Chemometrics with Respect to Storage Conditions of Moldavian Dragonhead Oil. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (22):6414.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Arkadiusz Matwijczuk; Tomasz Oniszczuk; Edyta Chruściel; Anna Kocira; Agnieszka Niemczynowicz; Agnieszka Wójtowicz; Maciej Combrzyński; Dariusz Wiącek. 2019. "Use of FTIR Spectroscopy and Chemometrics with Respect to Storage Conditions of Moldavian Dragonhead Oil." Sustainability 11, no. 22: 6414.

Journal article
Published: 04 November 2019 in International Journal of Molecular Sciences
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The below article presents the results of spectroscopic research, theoretical (time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT)), microbiological, and antioxidative calculations for three compounds from the group of 1,3,4-thiadiazoles: 2-amino-5-phenyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole (TB), 2-amino-5-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazole (TS), 2-amino-5-(2-hydroxy-5-sulfobenzoyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazole (TSF). In the fluorescence emission spectra (TS) of solutions with varying concentrations of hydrogen ions, a particularly interesting effect of dual fluorescence was observed. The aforementioned effect was observed even more clearly in the environment of butan-1-ol, relative to the compound’s concentration. Depending on the modification of the resorcylic substituent (TS and TSF), we observed the emergence of two separate, partially overlapping, fluorescence emission spectra or a single emission spectrum. Interpretation of the obtained spectra using stationary and time-resolved spectroscopy allowed the correlation of the effect’s emergence with the phenomenon of molecular aggregation (of a particular type) as well as, above all, the structure of the substituent system. The overlap of said effects most likely induces the processes related to the phenomenon of charge transfer (in TS) and is responsible for the observed fluorescence effects. Also, the position of the –OH group (in the resorcylic ring) is significant and can facilitate the charge transfer (CT). The determinations of the changes in the dipole moment and TD-DFT calculations further corroborate the above assumption. The following paper presents the analysis (the first for this particular group of analogues) of the fluorescence effects relative to the changes in the structure of the resorcylic group combined with pH effects. The results of biological studies also indicate the highest pharmacological potential of the analogue in the case where the effects of dual fluorescence emission are observed, which predisposes this particular group of fluorophores as effective fluorescence probes or potential pharmaceuticals with antimycotic properties.

ACS Style

Iwona Budziak; Dariusz Karcz; Marcin Makowski; Kamila Rachwał; Karolina Starzak; Arkadiusz Matwijczuk; Beata Myśliwa-Kurdziel; Anna Oniszczuk; Maciej Combrzyński; Anna Podleśna. Non-Typical Fluorescence Effects and Biological Activity in Selected 1,3,4-thiadiazole Derivatives: Spectroscopic and Theoretical Studies on Substituent, Molecular Aggregation, and pH Effects. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2019, 20, 5494 .

AMA Style

Iwona Budziak, Dariusz Karcz, Marcin Makowski, Kamila Rachwał, Karolina Starzak, Arkadiusz Matwijczuk, Beata Myśliwa-Kurdziel, Anna Oniszczuk, Maciej Combrzyński, Anna Podleśna. Non-Typical Fluorescence Effects and Biological Activity in Selected 1,3,4-thiadiazole Derivatives: Spectroscopic and Theoretical Studies on Substituent, Molecular Aggregation, and pH Effects. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2019; 20 (21):5494.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Iwona Budziak; Dariusz Karcz; Marcin Makowski; Kamila Rachwał; Karolina Starzak; Arkadiusz Matwijczuk; Beata Myśliwa-Kurdziel; Anna Oniszczuk; Maciej Combrzyński; Anna Podleśna. 2019. "Non-Typical Fluorescence Effects and Biological Activity in Selected 1,3,4-thiadiazole Derivatives: Spectroscopic and Theoretical Studies on Substituent, Molecular Aggregation, and pH Effects." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 21: 5494.