The compound 4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid, named ferulic acid (FA), is a ubiquitous phenolic compound distributed extensively in the plant kingdom. Ferulic acid is a boon. It has immense potential therapeutic effects in treating diabetes, cancer, pulmonary and CVS diseases majorly due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory action. Ferulic acid exhibits a wide variety of biological activities such as, anticarcinogenic, antiallergic, antimicrobial, antiviral, hepatoprotective, metal chelation, activation of transcriptional factors, modulation of enzyme activity, gene expression as well as signal transduction. This active ingredient's structural characteristics make it an optimal substrate to form or synthesise various derivatives and its formulations. The present review addresses structure of ferulic acid, its pharmacodynamic parameters, applications, and its various derivatives. Besides, the review also aims to cover the main aspects related to the use of ferulic acid in the food and health industry and lists various published patents on Ferulic acid.

Hair loss (alopecia) has a multitude of causes, and the problem is still poorly defined. For curing alopecia, therapies are available in both natural and synthetic forms; however, natural remedies are gaining popularity due to the multiple effects of complex phytoconstituents on the scalp with fewer side effects. Evidence-based hair growth promotion by some plants has been reported for both traditional and advanced treatment approaches. Nanoarchitectonics may have the ability to evolve in the field of hair- and scalp-altering products and treatments, giving new qualities to hair that can be an effective protective layer or a technique to recover lost hair. This review will provide insights into several plant and herbal formulations that have been reported for the prevention of hair loss and stimulation of new hair growth. This review also focuses on the molecular mechanisms of hair growth/loss, several isolated phytoconstituents with hair growth-promoting properties, patents, in vivo evaluation of hair growth-promoting activity, and recent nanoarchitectonic technologies that have been explored for hair growth.

Background: Benzimidazole is a category of heterocyclic aromatic compounds formed from the fusion of six membered benzene with five membered imidazolering. The moiety possesses diverse biological and clinical applications. A number of studies have shown that a varied substituent around the benzimidazole nucleus results in pharmacologically active compounds of therapeutic interest. Purpose: Owing to its number of pharmacological properties, this moiety is of choice of interest in designing and synthesis of new therapeutic compounds. The existence of the benzimidazole core in numerous groups of biological agents like antimicrobial, antiviral, antiparasitic, antihypertensive, anticancer, CNS stimulant as well as depressants has made important scaffold for development of many newer therapeutic agents. There is utmost need to understand the synthesis and associated role of benzimidazole derived compounds in different diseases. Therefore, in the present review, we attempt to discuss various derivatives of benzimidazole nucleus with different pharmacological activities. Conclusion: Benzimidazoles have played a great role in discovery of drug and development. Huge attempt has been made towards benzimidazole heterocyclic-based organic compounds with great excellence that resulted in drugs with enormous biological activity. Therapeutic drugs containing benzimidazole nucleus are used in building drugs that serve to be an active area of research. This article becomes a source that will lead to discovery of new opportunities for all researchers interested in benzimidazole-based heterocyclic medicinal chemistry.

Aim: To design a series of neoteric benzylidene amino-benzimidazole derivatives and to synthesize and evaluate them for anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential. Methods: The designed target sca... Graphical abstract

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds performs foremost part in synthesis of various pharmacological active compounds. Existence of benzimidazole core in innumerable group of medicinal agents, such as anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antiviral, antimicrobial, antihypertensive, and immune-modulators, contributed them to be essential announcer for growth of new pharmacological active agents. Mannich synthesis is significantly used in organic chemistry. This reaction is useful for synthesizing many bioactive drug molecules. The survey of literature notifies the fact about these bases that are extremely energetic and acknowledge to constitute dominant actions like anti-tumor, antibacterial, anthelmintic, anti-psychotic, anti-malarial, anti-tubercular, anti-viral activities, and many more.