As a type of metallurgical solid waste with a significant output, chromium-containing metallurgical dust and slag are gaining increasing attention. They mainly include stainless steel dust, stainless steel slag, ferrochrome dust, and ferrochrome slag, which contain significant amounts of valuable elements, such as chromium, iron, and zinc, as well as large amounts of toxic substances, such as hexavalent chromium. Achieving the harmless and resourceful comprehensive utilization of chromium-containing metallurgical dust and slag is of great significance to ensuring environmental safety and the sustainable development of resources. This paper outlines the physicochemical properties of stainless steel dust, stainless steel slag, ferrochrome dust, and ferrochrome slag. The current treatment technologies of chromium-containing metallurgical dust and slag by hydrometallurgy, the pyrometallurgical process, and the stabilization/solidification process are introduced. Moreover, the comprehensive utilization of resources of chromium-containing metallurgical dust and slag in the preparation processes of construction materials, glass ceramics, and refractories is elaborated. The aim of this paper is to provide guidance for exploring effective technology to solve the problem of chromium-containing metallurgical dust and slag.

Chromium slag and copper smelting waste slag are solid wastes generated in the process of industrial production of chromium salt and copper metal, respectively. In this study, chromium slag and copper smelting waste slag were used as raw materials to produce black ceramic tiles. It can not only reduce environmental pollution but also increase their utilization value. The chromaticity values of ceramic tiles (L*, a*, and b*), which are color models developed by the International Commission on Illumination, were measured using a colorimeter. The phases and microstructure of the ceramic tile were analyzed by X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscope and energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM-EDS), respectively. The effects of different process parameters on the coloring performance of ceramic tiles were also investigated. The results show that the color of ceramic tile is the best when the Fe/Cr ratio is 1.5, the sintering temperature is 1200 °C, the holding time is 30 min and the ceramic tile is cooled in the furnace. The values of L*, a*, and b* are, respectively, 22.5, 0, and −1.6. The compressive strength of ceramic tile and the leaching concentration of Cr(VI) are 127.2 MPa and 3.31 mg/L, respectively, which can meet the relevant national standards.