The paper presents the results of a survey conducted among a total of 155 industrial engineering students from a Romanian public university to assess their awareness and concern about the facts and challenges imposed by the ongoing digital transformation. The study is based on a statistical analysis of the answers obtained from a questionnaire that contained closed-ended questions with predefined answers and open-ended questions where the respondents could express a personal point of view. Understanding the students’ needs and expectations, as well as the impact of the digital transition on their professional training and integration in a sustainable economy, will serve as a background upon which the quality of study programs can be improved by implementing appropriate measures. The results highlighted the necessity to supplement the curriculum with specialized courses in emerging technologies, to intensify students’ counseling on the digital transition, to upgrade the university’s infrastructure with equipment and software in the field of emerging technologies, to assist students with insufficient resources, and to stimulate women to participate in skilling, upskilling, and reskilling programs in STEM fields. These changes will expand the sustainable development principles in formal university education, ensure competency-centered learning, and increase access to inclusive and quality education.

This paper aims analysing the type of coolants and the correct choice of that as well as the dispensation in the processing area to control the temperature resulted from the cutting operation and the choose of the cutting operating modes. A high temperature in the working area over a certain amount can be harmful in terms of the quality of resulting surface and that could have some influences on the life of the cutting tool. The coolant chosen can be a combination of different cooling fluids in order to achieve a better cooling of the cutting area at the same time for carrying out the proper lubrication of that area. The fluid flow parameters of coolant can be influenced by the nature of the fluid or fluids used, the geometry of the nozzle used which generally has a convergent-divergent geometry in order to achieve a better dispersion of the coolant / lubricant on the area to be processed. A smaller amount of fluid is important in terms of the economy lubricant, because they are quite expensive. A minimal amount of lubricant may have a better impact on the environment and the health of the operator because the coolants in contact with overheated machined surface may develop a substantial amount of these gases that are not always beneficial to health.

Over time, numerous studies have been carried out for jet ejectors used in refrigeration systems for various industrial applications or in solar energy recovery. These ejectors use steam or water as a working fluid because the water has a low cost, chemical stability and is safe to use. Of course, depending on the application of these ejectors in the industry, other fluids can be used. When are made the ejectors, in addition to the selection of the refrigerant, which is very important, it is taken into account, as well as its constructive design has a strong influence on its performance. In general, the compression ratio depends on the nozzle and the diffuser geometry. Compared to other systems for industrial applications, ejector systems have some advantages: simplicity in construction, high spread and low cost. However, we cannot observe that they also have a lower coefficient of performance than conventional systems, which limited the widespread application of ejector systems.

A study of geometry nozzle is particularly important in optimizing the quantity of coolant in terms to minimize that quantity or coolant can be used for lubrication of machines moving parts. Coolants can be from the simplest (water, air) as well as a mixture of liquid (emulsions) to achieve a good cooling in function of temperature that develops in the area concerned. The study from this paper proposes an analysis and a simulation of flow through the convergent-divergent nozzle type to optimize them and to use a minimum quantity of coolant or lubricant. This study is focus on the analysis of cooling systems for cutting processes on machine tools.

This paper analyzes several types of cooling agents, their properties and how they can be chosen for a better heat dispersion resulting from the cutting process. An excessive heat in the cutting zone leads to excessive wear of the cutting tools, that leading finally to additional costs of their acquisition and due to wear is reached in cutting process more irregular surfaces. The coolant chosen can be a combination of different cooling fluids from the most simple and inexpensive to more complex, the difference between them being more appropriately cool the processing area. The fluid flow parameters of coolant can be influenced by the nature of the fluid or fluids used, the geometry of the nozzle in order to achieve a better dispersion of the lubricant on the area to be processed. A smaller amount of fluid is important in terms of the economy lubricant, because some of these lubricants are quite expensive. A minimal quantity of lubricant (MQL) may have a better impact on the environment and the health of the operator because the coolants in contact with overheated machined surface may develop a substantial amount of these gases that are not always beneficial to health.

Brazing is realized by joining the added material to the base material thus it is realised a solid joint between materials. The degree of dissolution of materials used in assembly is very important in realization of sustainable bimetallic joints that can be stamped successfully. The stamping creates areas where joints can give the size and material compression degrees because its variation. A better stamping of these bimetallic brazed plates can be obtained through the exactly determination of these material areas.