The absence of career planning is closely linked to low income, severe work environments, lack of health facilities, low life expectancy, and unemployment risks. (1) Background: career planning is the basis of individual career development. The aim of this article is to identify the career planning indicators of high-income entrepreneurs who are graduates with a technical and vocational education and training [TVET] background. (2) Methods: this study, which used a modified Delphi technique, was conducted using two rounds of surveys among 10 TVET graduates and entrepreneurs with high incomes in order to obtain the career planning indicators on how they achieved a high income. All of them have a revenue of above RM 5000 a month, which is considered to be a high-income status according to Bank Negara Malaysia’s (BNM) Payment System and Financial Stability Report 2018. (3) Results: the findings have shown two indicators to get a high consensus, which are focus and self-efficacy in career. In fact, assigning a specific career objective and striving to achieve high salary are crucial and must be within entrepreneurs’ skillset (realistic). (4) Conclusions: the objective can be modified to imply the self-efficacy of the students in optimizing career plans that are suitable to the personality, beliefs, and the self-motivation of the entrepreneur.

Every individual harbours a desire for a successful profession that aligns with their unique characteristics. Due to the diverse nature of human personalities, each person requires a distinct professional trajectory to discover a vocation that resonates with their individuality. The study focuses on identifying career pathways tailored for Asnaf Faqir individuals, who transition from being zakat receivers to zakat payers. Utilizing qualitative methods like the Delphi Technique through in-depth interviews, it explores factors facilitating successful professional transitions aligned with their unique characteristics. Thematic and Fuzzy Delphi analyses, along with input from career, spiritual, and local experts, validate seven career pathway indicators: career planning, information, decision-making, adaptability, support, spiritual alignment, and compromise. Twelve informants who successfully transitioned contributed to consensus-building through Focused Group Discussions. These indicators aim to empower Asnaf Faqir individuals towards socio-economic self-sufficiency, offering specialized paths to transform their roles in society. Future enhancements could leverage digital tools for online career counselling, virtual training, and mentoring, thereby broadening access to career resources crucial for their continued development and empowerment.

This study explored a learning experience in technical and vocational curriculum based on a career planning program. The aspect of career has always been ignored in the community college curriculum as it was considered less important in the education of students. Many studies showed that exposure to career since the early days of schooling are very effective in shaping the career maturity of students. This study has been conducted based on Backward Design curriculum model which used learning outcomes (graduation) as a tool to create a learning experience in the curriculum. This qualitative study was conducted on 15 respondents graduated from community college and are successful in their careers with a high income. Data was collected using Delphi techniques interview and each session had been transcribed. Thematic analysis has been conducted in 1st round Delphi techniques interview and Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM) analysis has been used in second round of the Delphi Techniques. Findings indicate that there are three items learning experiences for pre-self-employment information (interests, self-efficacy, and intrinsic motivation) and four items of learning experiences for pre-employment career that influence the career planning. The item has been ranking base on priority for each items value of threshold (d) in FDM. Finally, in the conclusions and recommendations sectors the data identified by the research are described in detail and analyzed so that to ensure that the chain relationship of market research > curriculum design > vocational education and training will be effective and successful.

Asnaf Faqir refers to a group of indigent people who have no source of income, possess neither property or material of their own, and they earn less than 50 percent of their own and their dependents’ basic necessities in life. This study was conducted to identify the indicators that can be used to steadily empower destitute people based on Imam Al-Ghazali’s thoughts and views. The subsequent findings produced a basic framework for the formation of Asnaf Faqir’s career path, based on the concept of spirituality. This qualitative study used library methods for the data collection. The data for this study were collected through various documents and manuscripts, including the Holy Quran, Books of Hadith, Al-Ghazali’s works, journal articles, and others. The data for this study were analyzed deductively and inductively to extract basic spiritual principles related to career paths, as suggested by Al-Ghazali. This study shows that the elements of al-Ruh, al-Insan, al-‘Aql, al-Qalb and al-Jasad of humans are important in shaping the career path of Asnaf Faqir. These five elements were found to be critical factors in fulfilling the planning, exploration, gathering of information, and determination of the career path of Asnaf Faqir as entrepreneurs or skilled workers.

This paper aims to identify the benefit of halal certificate from perspective of Malay SME industry. Statistics from 2010 until 2022 on confirmation of Malaysian halal certification application by year based on company status and industry at Kedah show that total halal application of sector small and medium is 627. Of this amount, 408 applications are from non-Bumiputera, while only 219 are from Bumiputera. The percentage of Bumiputera enterprises is relatively tiny in applying for a halal certificate for their business. Due to that, it's necessary to know type of halal application and identify the benefits of halal certification in the industries. This study follows qualitative research and ten employees from Kedah who manage industrial firms were interviewed. According to the study's findings, there are nine (9) application schemes for Malaysian Halal Certification based on Malaysia Halal Certification Procedure Manual (Domestic) which is food and beverage product, cosmetic product, pharmaceutical, good product, food premise, logistic, slaughterhouse, OEM, and medical device. There are three major benefits in Halal certificate which are (1) consumers are confident that the products they eat or use are clean, pure from prohibited substances and includes environmental cleanliness, (2) Halal certification give advantages in marketability and (3) Halal certification could give a competitive edge against competitors who do not apply for halal certification. The implications of this study, it is crucial for JAKIM to create information and awareness programs for Muslim entrepreneurs related benefits and needs to have a halal certificate in Malaysia to line with JAKIM's policy. It’s crucial to ensure enforcement and compliance with standards halal among SME in this country and make Halal as a priority to all sectors.

HRMARS is well established journal publisher based in Pakistan. It is publishing prominent journals in social sciences since 2011.