Background: Traditional radiotherapy and chemotherapy have been intensively studied for their role in the treatment of tumours. However, these therapies often cause side effects for patients, which calls for the development of novel treatment options for tumours. B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2)/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa-interacting protein 3 (BNIP3) reportedly apoptosis-inducing effects in tumour cells and is associated with the progression and treatment of multiple tumours. Nevertheless, little is known about its potential role in tumour diagnosis and targeted therapy. Findings: The results of the study demonstrated that the interaction of BNIP3 with HDAC1 may affect the progression of breast invasive cancer (BRCA), sarcoma (SARC), kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC), and low-grade glioma (LGG). BNIP3 seemed to exert its effects in BRCA and SARC primarily through gene silencing and integrator complex, and in KIRC and LGG, mainly by affecting olfactory function, suggesting that targeted therapy can be developed based on the above signalling pathway and downstream molecules. Interpretation: BNIP3 has emerged as a promising therapeutic and diagnostic target for BRCA, SARC, KIRC, and LGG, providing new insights into tumour molecular therapies in the clinic.

Background: Clostridium piliforme (causative agent of Tyzzer disease) infects various animals, including primates, and hence a threat to animal and human health worldwide. At present, it is detected using traditional methods, such as path morphology, polymerase chain reaction and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Therefore, it is necessary to develop convenient, efficient visual molecular biological methods for detecting C. piliforme.Objectives: To establish a method with good specificity, high sensitivity and simple operation for the detection of C. piliforme.Methods: In this study, we designed internal and external primers based on the conserved 23S rRNA region of C. piliforme to develop a biotin‐labelled diarrhoea‐suffered loop‐mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) system for detecting of C. piliforme and assessed the specificity, sensitivity and repeatability of the LAMP system.Results: The LAMP system did not exhibit cross‐reactivity with 24 other common pathogenic species, indicating that it had good specificity. The minimum concentration of sensitivity was 1 × 10⁻⁷ ng/μL. Mouse models (Meriones unguiculatus) of Tyzzer disease were established and a LAMP−lateral flow dipstick (LAMP–LFD) was developed for detecting C. piliforme. The detection rate of C. piliforme was 5.08% in clean‐grade animals and 9.96% in specific‐pathogen‐free‐grade animals from Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai. In addition, the detection rates of C. piliforme were 10.1%, 8.6% and 20%, in animals from Hangzhou, Wenzhou and Shaoxing, respectively. The detection rate of C. piliforme was higher in experimental animals used in schools than in those used in companies and research institutes.Conclusions: The LAMP–LFD method established in this study can be used to detect C. piliforme in animals handled in laboratory facilities of universities, pharmaceutical enterprises and research and development institutions.

Background: Newcastle disease virus (NDV) has emerged as a tumor-lysing agent in a variety of cancers. Previous studies have shown that NDV has cytolytic activity in gliomas; however, the underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated.Methods: Comparing the glioma cells LN229 controlled group with the infected group of NDV rLa Sota-GFP strain, we strive to observe the changes in the genome and protein levels as well as the activation of the signalling pathways before and after the infection at the cellular level and at the level of the genes in the transcriptome, to study the molecular mechanism of necroptosis of the NDV-infected lethal LN229.Results: We found that NDV infection which inhibited glioma cells LN229 proliferation and promoted apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner involved mitochondrial disruption by a molecular mechanism, whereas the Fe²⁺ assay didn’t change. Additionally, the necroptosis inhibitor Nec-1 alleviated the cellular damage caused by NDV during infection of LN229 cells. Using RNA-seq analysis, the necroptosis pathway was significantly enriched in NDV-infected LN229 cells, and the antiviral gene OASL (Oligoadenylate synthetase-like) was significantly up-regulated in the apoptotic signalling pathway, which could be directly induced by NDV infection. Knockdown of OASL attenuates NDV infection-induced necroptosis in LN229 cells.Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that NDV has cytolytic activity on glioma cells by inducing necroptosis. Additionally, targeting upregulation of OASL may provide a novel strategy to enhance necrotic apoptosis in glioma cells after NDV infection.

A multiplex liquid array assay based on Luminex xTAG technology was developed for the first time for the simultaneous detection of five respiratory bacterial pathogens in Specific Pathogen-Free (SPF) chickens—Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG), Mycoplasma synoviae (MS), Pasteurella multocida (Pm), Avibacterium paragallinarum (Apg), and Mycobacterium avium (Mav)—filling the gap that these five pathogens could not be simultaneously detected previously. Specific primers were designed targeting conserved genes of each pathogen, with a TAG sequence attached to the 5′ end of each forward primer and biotin to the 5′ end of each reverse primer. After multiplex PCR amplification, the products were hybridized with MagPlex-TAG microspheres and analyzed using the Luminex system. The method was validated for sensitivity, specificity, and repeatability, and tested with simulated positive samples (a mixture of genomic DNA from the five target pathogens) and SPF chicken samples. The LOD was 10 copies/μL for Pm and 100 copies/μL for the other four pathogens. No cross-reactivity was observed with 18 non-target bacterial species. Intra- and Inter-assay coefficients of variation (CV) ranged from 0.8% to 12.2% and 2.3% to 14.4%, respectively, both below 15%. All simulated mixed positive samples yielded results consistent with expectations, and none of the 114 nasopharyngeal swab samples from SPF chickens tested positive for any of the five targets. The developed assay offers high throughput, high sensitivity, high specificity, and good repeatability, providing a robust tool for routine quality control in SPF chickens.