Background: The aim of this study was to assess the microbial variations and biomarkers in the vaginal and oral environments of patients with human papillomavirus (HPV) and cervical cancer (CC) and to develop novel prediction models. Materials and methods: This study included 164 samples collected from both the vaginal tract and oral subgingival plaque of 82 women. The participants were divided into four distinct groups based on their vaginal and oral samples: the control group (Z/KZ, n = 22), abortion group (AB/KAB, n = 17), HPV-infected group (HP/KHP, n = 21), and cervical cancer group (CC/KCC, n = 22). Microbiota analysis was conducted using full-length 16S rDNA gene sequencing with the PacBio platform. Results: The vaginal bacterial community in the Z and AB groups exhibited a relatively simple structure predominantly dominated by Lactobacillus. However, CC group shows high abundances of anaerobic bacteria and alpha diversity. Biomarkers such as Bacteroides, Mycoplasma, Bacillus, Dialister, Porphyromonas, Anaerococcus, and Prevotella were identified as indicators of CC. Correlations were established between elevated blood C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and local/systemic inflammation, pregnancy, childbirth, and abortion, which contribute to unevenness in the vaginal microenvironment. The altered microbial diversity in the CC group was confirmed by amino acid metabolism. Oral microbial diversity exhibited an inverse pattern to that of the vaginal microbiome, indicating a unique relationship. The microbial diversity of the KCC group was significantly lower than that of the KZ group, indicating a link between oral health and cancer development. Several microbes, including Fusobacterium, Campylobacter, Capnocytophaga, Veillonella, Streptococcus, Lachnoanaerobaculum, Propionibacterium, Prevotella, Lactobacillus, and Neisseria, were identified as CC biomarkers. Moreover, periodontal pathogens were associated with blood CRP levels and oral hygiene conditions. Elevated oral microbial amino acid metabolism in the CC group was closely linked to the presence of pathogens. Positive correlations indicated a synergistic relationship between vaginal and oral bacteria. Conclusion: HPV infection and CC impact both the vaginal and oral microenvironments, affecting systemic metabolism and the synergy between bacteria. This suggests that the use of oral flora markers is a potential screening tool for the diagnosis of CC.

Microbial structural changes and dysfunction play an important role in the development of cerebral ischemia. We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library and conducted a systematic review to assess the relationship between the human microbiome and ischemic stroke. A total of 24 studies were included, and the intestinal bacterial communities detected in both stroke and healthy people were dominated by 4 main phyla, including Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria. Significant diversity (alpha and beta) in patients with ischemic versus nonischemic stroke was observed in nine out of 18 studies, and 3 studies showed that the severity of ischemic stroke affected microbial diversity. The imbalance of bacteria that produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) changes the bacterial metabolic pathway, and disorders in the level of bacterial metabolites (trimethylamine N-oxide TMAO) lead to significant changes in intestinal flora function, which may aggravate the severity of stroke and affect its prognosis. Further studies are needed to explore the relationship between the microbiome and ischemic stroke.

Introduction: Primitive trigeminal artery (PTA) is a rare intracranial vascular malformation, and mechanical thrombectomy and revascularization via PTA are rarely reported. Case Presentation: We reported a case of mechanical thrombectomy through PTA in a patient who presented with sudden slurred speech and had a National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score of 12. Digital subtraction angiography of the cerebral vasculature showed PTA formation in the right internal carotid artery cavernous segment, with acute occlusion of the distal basilar artery at the PTA junction, and bilateral vertebral arteries and proximal basilar artery were underdeveloped. Therefore, we chose mechanical thrombectomy via PTA, but unfortunately, the vessel failed to recanalize. Follow-up at 1-month post-procedure indicated that the patient had passed away. We present the endovascular process and analyze and summarize the reasons for the failure to provide a reference for subsequent mechanical thrombectomy via PTA. Conclusions: PTA increases the risk of ischemic stroke and adds to the complexity of mechanical thrombectomy post-stroke. However, in certain situations, PTA can be used as a thrombectomy channel to increase the first-line possibility of timely endovascular treatment to save ischemic brain tissue.

Background This study aimed to assess the microbial variations and biomarker in the vaginal and oral environment of HPV (human papillomavirus) and cervical cancer (CC) patients and developing novel prediction models. Materials and Methods This study includes 164 samples collected from both the vaginal tract and oral subgingival plaque of 82 women. The participants were divided into four distinct groups based on their vaginal and oral samples including control group (Z/KZ, n = 22), abortion group (AB/KAB, n = 17), HPV-infected group (HP/KHP, n = 21), and cervical cancer group (CC/KCC, n = 22). Microbiota analysis was conducted using full-length 16S rDNA gene sequencing with PacBio platform. Results The vaginal bacterial community in the Z and AB groups exhibited a relatively simple structure predominantly dominated by Lactobacillus. However, CC group shows high diversity and abundances of anaerobic bacteria and alpha diversity. Biomarkers such as Bacteroides, Mycoplasma, Bacillus, Dialister, Porphyromonas, Anaerococcus, and Prevotella were identified as indicator of CC. Correlations were established between elevated blood C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and local/systemic inflammation, pregnancies, childbirths, and abortions, contributing to the unevenness in the vaginal microenvironment. The altered microbial diversity in CC group was confirmed by amino acid metabolism.The oral microbial diversity exhibited inverse pattern to the vaginal microbiome, indicating a unique relationship. The KCC group showed a significantly lower microbial diversity compared to the KZ group, pointing a link between oral health and cancer development. Several microbes including Fusobacterium, Campylobacte, Capnocytophaga, Veillonella, Streptococcus, Lachnoanaerobaculum, Propionibacterium, Prevotella, Lactobacillus, Neisseria were screened as CC biomarkers. Moreover, Periodontal pathogens were associated with blood CRP levels and oral hygiene conditions. Elevated oral microbial amino acid metabolism in CC group was closely linked to the presence of pathogens. positive correlations indicated synergy between vaginal and oral bacteria. Conclusion HPV infection and CC impact both the vaginal and oral microenvironment, affecting systemic metabolism and the synergy between bacteria. This suggests the use oral flora markers as a prospective screening tool for the diagnosis the cervical cancer.