NYGGF4, an obesity-related gene, is proposed to be involved in the development of insulin resistance; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. In the present analysis, NimbleGen tiling arrays were used to determine the patterns of genomic DNA methylation at CpG islands and promoters in NYGGF4-overexpression adipocytes. A total of 2352 CpG dinucleotides in 2018 genes and 3490 CpG dinucleotides in 3064 genes were found to be hypermethylated or hypomethylated, respectively, in NYGGF4-overexpression adipocytes. Furthermore, gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) pathway analysis revealed enrichment of biological processes associated with energy metabolism and signal transduction events, including the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) signaling pathway, and mitogen-activated protein kinases(MAPK) and Ras homolog gene family, member A (RhoA) signaling. These data demonstrate that differentially methylated genes are significantly overrepresented in NYGGF4-overexpression adipocytes, providing valuable clues for further exploration of the role of NYGGF4 in insulin sensitivity regulation.

Introduction: Familial chylomicronemia syndrome (FCS) is a rare genetic disease. FCS usually manifests by the age of 10 years, and 25% of cases of FCS occur during infancy. Here we present a case of FCS in a male infant and summarize our experiences on the diagnosis and therapy of this case. Patient concerns: A male infant aged 1 month and 8 days had recurrent hematochezia and hyperchylomicronemia. Diagnosis: FCS based on symptoms and genetic test. Interventions: Plasma exchange therapy. Outcomes: His development was normal with a good spirit and satisfactory weight gain, and no hematochezia occurred again. Conclusion: Genetic test is important for accurate diagnosis of FCS, and we identified a new mutation of lipoprotein lipase gene c.88C>A which conformed to autosomal recessive inheritance. Plasma exchange therapy can be applied to infants with FCS with low risk and good outcomes.