Background Platelet P2Y12 antagonist ticagrelor reduces mortality after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) compared to clopidogrel, but the underlying mechanism is unknown. Because activated platelets, leukocytes and endothelial cells release proinflammatory and prothrombotic extracellular vesicles (EVs), we hypothesized that the release of EVs is more efficiently inhibited by ticagrelor compared to clopidogrel. Objectives We compared EV concentrations and EV procoagulant activity in plasma of patients after AMI treated with ticagrelor or clopidogrel. Methods After percutaneous coronary intervention, 60 patients with first AMI were randomized to ticagrelor or clopidogrel. Flow cytometry was used to determine concentrations of EVs from activated platelets (CD61⁺, CD62p⁺), fibrinogen⁺, phosphatidylserine (PS⁺), from leukocytes (CD45⁺), endothelial cells (CD31⁺,146⁺) and erythrocytes (CD235a⁺) in plasma at randomisation, after 72 hours and 6 months of treatment. Fibrin generation test was used to determine EV procoagulant activity. Results Concentrations of platelet, fibrinogen⁺, PS⁺, leukocyte and erythrocyte EVs increased 6 months after AMI compared to the acute phase of AMI (p≤0.03). Concentrations of platelet EVs were lower on ticagrelor compared to clopidogrel after 6 months (p=0.03). Concentrations of fibrinogen⁺, PS⁺ and leukocyte EVs were lower on ticagrelor compared to clopidogrel both after 72 hours and 6 months (p≤0.03). Concentrations of endothelial EVs and EV procoagulant activity did not differ between patient groups and over time (p≥0.17). Conclusions Ticagrelor attenuates the increase of EV concentrations in plasma after acute myocardial infarction compared to clopidogrel. The ongoing release of EVs despite antiplatelet therapy might explain recurrent thrombotic events after AMI and worse clinical outcomes on clopidogrel compared to ticagrelor.

The article present the main topic of legislative changes, initiating transformations in the structure of the public social welfare sector. The first chapter points to the hybrid nature of tasks that are growing in the public social welfare sector. T A comparative perspective of...

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to discuss various issues related to employee behaviour in the context of layoffs in an organization. A synthetic review of the literature indicates a gap in articles providing information on employee behaviour in the event of layoffs. Design/methodology/approach: A systematic review of the literature based on the SCOPUS scientific text database was used. The PRISMA methodology was used to reduce the literature in a way consistent with the subject of the review and the words in the title of the article. Findings: A systematic review of the literature enabled the creation of a conceptual and bibliographic database related to the topic of employee behaviour in the event of layoffs. Knowledge about employee behaviours not only allows us to build initial hypotheses for further exploration of the research topic but also provides practical potential for practitioners involved in implementing the layoff process in an organisation to plan their actions. Research limitations/implications: The scarcity of Polish studies and articles on the cultural context of Polish enterprises among the scientific articles analyses in the Scopus database limits the references and practical conclusions to domestic entrepreneurship. The presence of a topic of employee behaviour in publications without citations was excluded from the analysis. Practical implications: The area of workplace redundancies is identified in the literature as a crisis situation in an organization. The context of a company that implements staff reductions has a negative impact on the perception of the organisation. Social implications: Important and relevant given the widespread implementation of layoffs and job cuts in an era of technological advances in work processes and the reduction of the human factor in many jobs. Originality/value: The results of a systematic review of the literature confirm the low level of research interest in the topic of employee behaviour in the context of layoffs. This is confirmed by the limited number of scientific articles on this topic in the Scopus database.

The article presents a synthetic set of indicators of the availability of new technologies by aspect digital behaviour at the household’s indicators level. Online activities describe digital behaviour in households by purposes using the internet. Patterns of household behaviour are variable by age, gender, and nationality. The article cites indicators of access to the digital society, pointing to behaviours that confirm the different level of access and use of the Internet in Polish and German households. The juxtaposition of differences in Internet use between countries highlights the different rates of adaptation in the process of digitization in which the availability of digital tool capital becomes a determinant of the use of digital communications and services in modern society. Structure: A comparison of household data for Poland and Germany, drawn from Eurostat, the OECD, and the World Bank for the years 2022–2024. Internet access and online activity reflect digital behaviours in households. Differences in household members’ behaviours indicate distinct patterns of how households are adapting to the digitization process (Gomes, 2024).

The topic of the article refers to expressions used to address the psychosocial risk linked to the workplace violence. The article bases on the Polish-French comparison, using analysis of definitions, legal acts and public statistics. The purpose is to show social differences, in the context of mobbing and “harcèlement moral”, that surface from ratified definitions of these phenomena and public statistics. The final conclusions are the effect of a compilation of results of analysis and available literature. The choice of the two European, diverse areas of comparison for the diagnosis - Poland and France - is the result of selection of the method of data content analysis, chosen by the author because of the availability of the scientific resources essential for the article and accessible during an academic stay in Centre d'Etudes de l'Emploi in France.