Digital technology has a two-sided impact whether it is used appropriately or not. It is crucial to promote the benefits of digital technology and reduce its harms by bolstering adolescents’ digital literacy. The appropriateness of the strategies parents use to manage their children’s digital lives plays a key role. This study aims to investigate the separate effects of family socio-demographic factors and varied dimensions of parental mediation on adolescents’ digital literacy separately and simultaneously to explore the appropriate parental mediation strategies even in the absence of favorable family status. A cross-sectional survey was utilized with a sample of 1894 Chinese adolescents in junior and senior high schools (mean age = 14.01, 48.94% female), using a set of exam questions to test children’s objective digital literacy online. Family socio-demographic factors (parental marital status, economic status, and parental education levels) and varied dimensions of parental mediation were included as predictors of digital literacy. Hierarchical regression analysis was used to estimate the relation between the variables. Higher parental education levels were positively associated with adolescents’ parental mediation and digital literacy while better family economic status and parental divorce were negatively associated. Among the dimensions of parental mediation, active mediation, restrictive mediation and supervision were significantly associated with adolescents’ digital literacy, but not for co-use. Active mediation and supervision showed significant positive associations with adolescents’ digital literacy, whereas, co-use showed a significant negative association when all parental mediation dimensions were integrated into the model, The significant association between restrictive mediation and digital literacy disappeared. Parental mediation has diluted the impact of family socio-demographic factors on adolescents’ digital literacy. Effective interventions are needed to promote parental active mediation and supervision to help adolescents develop digital literacy and navigate the digital world, especially for adolescents who do not have highly educated parents or whose parents are divorced. This study explored the effects of parental mediation on the digital literacy of adolescents separately and simultaneously in China and highlighted the importance of promoting parental mediation when helping adolescents navigate the digital world, especially those who lack resources, confidence, experience or expertise related to digital media. This study set an online test to estimate adolescents’ objective digital literacy.

Objectives To describe the situation of COVID-19-related stigma towards patients with COVID-19 and people from the city of Wuhan in China and to assess the associations between COVID-19-related stigma, health literacy and sociodemographic characteristics during March 2020, the early stage of the pandemic. Design A cross-sectional online survey. Setting The study surveyed 31 provinces in China. Participants This study surveyed 5039 respondents in China. Outcome measures Public stigma towards both patients with COVID-19 and Wuhan residents was measured. Binary logistic regression was used to identify the factors associated with public COVID-19-related stigma. Results Among the participants, 122 (2.4%) reported themselves and 254 (5.0%) reported the communities they lived in as holding a stigmatising attitude towards patients with COVID-19, respectively. Additionally, 114 (2.5%) and 475 (10.3%) reported that themselves and the communities they lived in, respectively, held a stigma against people from Wuhan, which was the most severely affected area in China. People aged over 40, lived in areas with severe epidemics (adjusted OR (aOR)=2.03, 95% CI (1.05 to 3.92)) and who felt it difficult to find and understand information about COVID-19 (aOR=1.91, 95% CI (1.08 to 3.37); aOR=1.88, 95% CI (1.08 to 3.29)) were more likely to stigmatise patients with COVID-19. People who were male, aged 41–50 and had difficulty understanding information (aOR=2.08, 95% CI (1.17 to 3.69)) were more likely to stigmatise people from Wuhan. Conclusions Patients with COVID-19 and Wuhan residents suffered stigma at both the individual and the community levels. Those who had low health literacy, who lived in areas with a large number of COVID-19 cases and who were of ethnic minorities were more likely to stigmatise others. Tailored interventions are encouraged to improve health literacy and consequently to reduce public COVID-19-related stigma.

As an effective measure to manage the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine and understanding the influencing factors of vaccination intention is particularly important. This study aimed to describe the COVID-19 vaccination intention among three different occupational risk groups and identify influencing factors of vaccination intention since a COVID-19 vaccine is available in China. A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted from January 10 to February 5, 2021 in Hangzhou city of Zhejiang Province, an eastern coastal province in China. The intention to accept COVID-19 vaccination and health beliefs based on the Health Belief Model were collected. Of the participants, college students reported the lowest COVID-19 vaccination intention (64.6%), followed by public transportation workers (72.4%) and health care workers (79.9%). Perceived barriers were identified as negative factors of vaccination intention among all three occupational groups. For college students and public transportation workers, perceived benefits and cues to action were identified as protective factors, and cues to action had a positive effect on vaccination intention of health care workers. Tailored interventions are encouraged to reduce barriers of vaccination, improve health beliefs and promote COVID-19 vaccination intentions.

Background：COVID-19 poses a significant challenge to global public health. During the pandemic, COVID-19 patients and people in outbreak areas have suffered from stigma associated with the disease. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of COVID-19-related stigma toward COVID-19 patients and people from the city of Wuhan in China and assess the association of COVID-19-related stigma, health literacy, and sociodemographic characteristics.Methods：A cross-sectional survey covering 5,039 respondents was conducted in 31 provinces in China using a convenience sampling method. Binary logistic regressions were used to identify the factors associated with COVID-19-related stigma.Results：Among the participants, 122 (2.4%) reported themselves and 254 (5.0%) reported the communities they lived in held a stigmatizing attitude toward COVID-19 patients, respectively. Additionally, 114 (2.5%) and 475 (10.3%) reported that themselves and the communities they lived in, respectively, held a stigma against people from Wuhan, where was the most severely affected area in China. People aged over 40, lived in areas with severe epidemics (aOR=2.15, 95% CI [1.12-4.13]), and who felt it difficult to find and understand information about COVID-19 (aOR=1.91, 95% CI [1.08-3.27]; aOR=1.88, 95% CI [1.08-3.29]) were more likely to stigmatize COVID-19 patients. People who were male, aged 41 to 50, and had difficulty understanding information (aOR=2.08, 95% CI [1.17-3.69]) were more likely to stigmatize people from Wuhan.Conclusions：COVID-19 patients and Wuhan residents suffered stigma at both the individual and community levels, although proportion of those holding a stigma was not very high. Provinces close to Wuhan had relatively high stigma toward COVID-19 patients and people from Wuhan. There was a correlation between better health literacy and lower stigma during the COVID-19 outbreak. Tailored interventions were encouraged to improve health literacy and consequently to reduce stigma toward both COVID-19 patients and Wuhan people from individual and community levels, respectively.

While many studies have examined mental health and influencing factors of rural Chinese children who migrated back from urban areas, holistic exploration of multifaceted determinants of their depressive symptoms is lacking; this study, drawing on Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory and the process-person-context-time (PPCT) model, investigated multilevel factors’ impact on such symptoms and gender differences. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2022 in Nanling County (Anhui Province) in China. A sample of 859 school students in grades 5–9 completed assessments measuring their depressive symptoms (using the Children's Depression Inventory, CDI) and different blocks of variables (CONTEXT, PERSON, and PROCESS). The association was examined using hierarchical logistic regression, entering blocks sequentially. Furthermore, we have explored the gender differences. Among 859 participants included in the current study, depressive symptoms were found in 258 (30.03%) of them, and females suffered more. A more favorable family social context and better personal characteristics of the children were associated with lower odds of depressive symptoms. Better mother-child communication and school belongings significantly related to a lower risk of depressive symptoms, while father-child communication only played a role for males. Good parent-child communication and a sense of school belonging can protect the mental health of rural children migrating back from urban areas. These research findings highlight the importance of families and schools working together to tackle this challenge of urban-rural migration, moreover, children from disadvantaged families may need extra assistance.