Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting culture models capable of reproducing the pathological architecture of diseases are increasingly advancing. In this study, 3D scaffolds were created using extrusion-based bioprinting method with alginate, gelatin, and hyaluronic acid to investigate the effects of hyaluronic acid on the physical properties of the bioscaffold as well as on the formation of liver cancer spheroids. Conformational analysis, rheological characterization, and swelling-degradation tests were performed to characterize the scaffolds. After generating spheroids from hepatocellular carcinoma cells on the 3D scaffolds, cell viability and proliferation assays were performed. Flow cytometry and immunofluorescence microscopy were used into examine the expression of albumin, CD44, and E-cadherin to demonstrate functional capability and maturation levels of the spheroid-forming cells. The results show that hyaluronic acid in the scaffolds correlates with spheroid formation and provides high survival rates. It is also associated with an increase in CD44 expression and a decrease in E-cadherin, while there is no significant change in the albumin expression in the cells. Overall, the findings demonstrate that hyaluronic acid in a 3D hydrogel scaffold supports spheroid formation and may induce stemness. We present a promising 3D scaffold model for enhancing liver cancer spheroid formation and mimicking solid tumors. This model also has the potential for further studies to examine stem cell properties in 3D models.

Chemotherapeutic agents used in the treatment of testicular cancer cause damage to healthy tissues, including the testis. We investigated the effects of glutathione on sperm DNA integrity and testicular histomorphology in bleomycin etoposide cisplatin (BEP) treated rats. Twelve-week-old male rats of reproductive age (n = 24) were randomly divided into three groups, the (i) control group, (ii) BEP group, and (iii) BEP+ glutathione group. Weight gain increase and testes indices of the control group were found to be higher than that of the BEP group and BEP+ glutathione group. While the BEP treatment increased sperm DNA fragmentation and morphological abnormalities when compared to the control group, GSH treatment resulted in a marked decrease for both parameters. Moreover, BEP treatment significantly decreased serum testosterone levels and sperm counts in comparison to the control group, yet this reduction was recovered in the BEP+ glutathione treated group. Similarly, seminiferous tubule epithelial thicknesses and Johnsen scores in testicles were higher in the control and BEP+ glutathione groups than in the BEP-treated group. In conclusion, exogenous glutathione might prevent the deterioration of male reproductive functions by alleviating the detrimental effects of BEP treatment on sperm quality and testicular histomorphology.

Doku mühendisliği ve biyomühendislik çalışmaları başta olmak üzere biyoloji ve kimya gibi temel bilimlerin son zamanlarda üzerinde odaklandığı disiplinlerarası bir çalışma olan 3 boyutlu (3B) biyobasım tekniği en yenilikçi teknolojilerden biridir. 3 boyutlu biyobasım, yaralı veya hastalıklı doku ve organları biyolojik olarak taklit edebilecek (biomimetik) doku ve organların yapımında çeşitli uygulamalara sahip gelişmekte olan bir teknolojidir. Bu yöntemde hücreler, büyüme faktörleri ve biyomalzemeler birleştirilir ve hibrit bir biyomalzeme elde edilir. Biyomalzemeler vasıtasıyla canlı hücreler ile katman katman, istenilen şekil, miktar ve fonksiyonda hücre iskeletleri (scaffold) üretilebilir. Özellikle karaciğer gibi karmaşık dokuları oluşturmak için biyobasım tekniği ile doku iskeleleri oluşturmak oldukça önemli bir yaklaşımdır. Hem doğal hem de sentetik kökenli polimerlerden yapılan biyo bağlantılar, karaciğer gibi yumuşak dokulara baskı uygulanması noktasında avantaja sahiptir. Bu derlemede özellikle hepatositler üzerine yapılan çalışmalar incelenmiş ve derlenmiştir.

Culturing Freezing Processing Imaging Entire Organoids Spheroids

Background: Anticancer peptides (ACPs) are increasingly recognized as promising therapeutic candidates due to their ability to selectively target cancer cells. However, the systematic discovery of novel ACPs, particularly from high-throughput sequencing datasets, remains hindered by technical and methodological limitations. Current prediction frameworks require pre-extracted peptide sequences, involve manual preprocessing, and yield variable results, which restricts their applicability for large-scale, data-driven discovery. Methods: To address these limitations, we developed MetaPepticon, a modular, end-to-end pipeline for the discovery of ACP candidates from diverse sequencing inputs, including raw genomic, metagenomic, transcriptomic, and metatranscriptomic reads, as well as assembled contigs and peptide sequences. MetaPepticon automates quality control, filtering, assembly, small open reading frame prediction, ACP classification using multiple predictive algorithms, and in silico toxicity filtering. Results: MetaPepticon enables scalable and reproducible ACP prediction from raw sequences through integration of multiple predictors within a configurable agreement framework. Applied to 41,171 microbial genomes and 4,072,884 peptides, MetaPepticon identified 10,725 moderate-agreement ACP candidates, including 4,590 novel, non-toxic peptides. MetaPepticon expands the practical applicability of existing ACP prediction methods to high-throughput sequencing data and is freely available at: https://github.com/arikanlab/MetaPepticon .