Correlation between Various Udder Measurements and Milk Components in Morkaraman, Tuj and Awassi Sheep

This study investigated the effect of feeding different levels of protected fat (calcium soaps of tallow) on fattening performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality, fatty acid composition of Longissimus Thoracis (LT) muscle and economic evaluation of 45 fat-tailed Morkaraman male lambs. The lambs were randomly divided into three groups including a control diet without protected fat (CON), supplemented with 2% protected fat (group PF2), and supplemented with 4% protected fat (group PF4) during the fattening period. Eight lambs randomly selected from each group were slaughtered to determine carcass characteristics and meat quality. Supplementing protected fat significantly improved the fattening performance and carcass characteristics (p<0.05). The groups were similar in terms of pH, colour, ether extract, dry matter and sensory evaluations, except for the crude protein of group PF2. Myristic acid and stearic acid (p<0.05), which are saturated fatty acids (SFA), were decreased with the supplementation of protected fat, while palmitic acid was increased (p<0.01). The fattening with protected fat had a highly significant positive effect on important unsaturated fatty acids such as oleic acid (p<0.01) and resulted in an increase of approximately 91% in the conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) (p<0.05). SFA was significantly decreased, and health indicators were improved (p<0.01). In conclusion, the supplementation of protected fat had a positive effect on fattening performance, carcass traits, chemical, sensory properties and economic evaluation.

Bu çalışma, İvesi ve Romanov x İvesi (ROxİV) (F1) melez koyunlarının bazı döl verim özellikleri ve kuzularının yaşama gücü ve büyüme gelişme özelliklerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Hayvan materyali olarak 30 baş İvesi, 37 ROxİV koyun ve bu koyunlardan doğan toplam 79 baş kuzu kullanılmıştır. Doğum oranı, ikiz doğum oranı ve bir doğuma düşen kuzu sayısı İvesi koyunlarında sırasıyla % 83, % 4 ve 1.04; ROxİV melez koyunlarında ise % 91.9, % 55.9 ve 1.56 olarak belirlenmiştir. Kuzuların sütten kesime, 120. güne ve mera sonuna kadar yaşama oranları İvesi ırkında % 96.2, % 84.6 ve % 80.8; ROxİV melezlerinde ise % 81.1, % 71.7 ve % 60.4 olarak bulunmuştur. ROxİV koyunlarının doğum oranları İvesi koyunlarından önemli ölçüde yüksek iken, İvesi kuzularının hayatta kalma oranlarının daha iyi olduğu ve mera sonunda ROxİV kuzularında ölüm oranının %39.6'ya ulaştığı gözlenmiştir. Ortalama doğum ağırlığı, sütten kesim ağırlığı ve mera sonu ağırlığı İvesi kuzularında 3.87, 15.56 ve 24.95 kg; ROxİV kuzularında 3.23, 12.77 ve 19.89 kg olarak belirlenmiştir. Doğum ağırlığı, sütten kesim ağırlığı, mera sonu ağırlığı üzerine genotip, ana yaşı ve doğum tipinin etkisi istatistiki olarak önemli bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak, ROxİV melezlemesinin döl verimini artırdığı, ancak kuzuların çeşitli dönemlerde hayatta kalma oranları ve canlı ağırlıklarının İvesi kuzularına kıyasla daha düşük oldukları tespit edilmiştir.

Fatty acid composition in milk has a vital importance in the early lactation period when lambs are milking. In this study, the change in milk fatty acid composition of Akkaraman ewe and Hair goats fed under the same conditions in the first 30 days of lactation was investigated. 10 Akkaraman ewe and 10 Hair goats were used in 2-5 parities. Ewe and goats were born in February. The animals were kept to the same feeding indoor, while experiment was going on. In addition to 1 kg of barley per animal, wheat straw was given ad libitum. Individual milk samples were taken from each animal on 0th, 1st, 3rd, 7th, 15th and 30th of lactation days. While C16:1, C18:3n3 were found more in goat milk (p

This study aimed to explore how pasture periods and parity impact the lipid profiles of 38 Awassi sheep raised in a traditional grazing system on natural pastures. Milk samples were gathered for lipid profile analysis at the commencement, midpoint, and conclusion of the pasture period. Data analysis employed repeated measurements through two-way ANOVA within the General Linear Model (GLM) framework. The statistical model encompassed the effects of pasture periods, parity, and their interactions. Although parity did not affect lipid profiles, the pasture period had a significant effect (p<0.01) on triacylglycerol (TAG), free fatty acid (FFA), and monoacylglycerol (MAN). A significant effect (p<0.05) on cholesterol (COL) was also observed. Furthermore, neither pasture period nor parity had any effect on phospholipids. As a result of the study, it was determined that parity had no effect on the lipid profile in milk, while pasture period had a very significant effect on triacylglycerol, free fatty acids, monoacylglycerol and a significant effect on cholesterol.

The study assessed the impact of incorporating protected tallow fat (PF) at varying concentrations on the fattening performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality, and fattening cost of 45 lambs over a period of 73 d. The addition of 20 g per kg dry matter (DM) of PF resulted in the highest values for fattening performance and carcass characteristics (p<0.05). The pH, chemical composition, and sensory evaluation were not affected by the addition of PF, except for the cooking loss (p<0.05). The addition of PF led to an improvement in the sums of fatty acids in the longissimus thoracic muscle by reducing saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and increasing unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). The addition of PF at a level of 20 g per kg DM positively affected (p<0.05) the ratio of oleic acid, one of the major UFAs in meat. The ratio of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in meat increased linearly up to 104 %, with increasing (p<0.05) levels of PF. The healthy indicators considerably improved (p<0.01). In conclusion, it is recommended to add PF at a 20 g per kg DM inclusion level to the mixed concentration to improve fattening performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality, and fatty acid composition without any economic loss.