Phosphorized SnO₂/graphene nanocomposite was designed and synthesized for superior Li-ion storage properties due to the synergistic effect of multiple components.

A novel functionalized MOF material, Brönsted acidic ionic liquid (BAIL) confined inside well-defined MIL-101 nanocages, was developed for the first time based on the tandem post-synthetic strategy. The catalytic performance of BAIL confined in MIL-101 material was evaluated by using the acetalization of benzaldehyde with glycol as a probe reaction. The resulting BAIL/MIL-101 material exhibited superior catalytic performance, which is mainly due to the combination of the advantageous merits of ionic liquid catalyst with the desirable microenvironment in the MIL-101 nanocages.

This critical review presents the fundamentals, challenges, and outlooks in MTHMs according to state-of-the-art progress and first-hand experience.