Objective: The present study estimated the prevalence of gingival recession (its severity and distribution) and assessed the association of potential risk indicators with the occurrence of gingival recession in Qena governorate, Egypt. Subject and methods: A representative sample of 1959 patients aged from 18 -90 years old (984 males and 975 females) from different areas in Qena governorate, Egypt were examined. A descriptive questionnaire was prepared for the examinations and full personal data were recorded. Results : The prevalence of gingival recession was 32.8%; Class I recession was (24.2%) followed by Classes II, III and IV (7.2, 1.3 and 0.1%, respectively). The most affected quadrants were the lower left quadrant while the least affected quadrant was the upper right quadrant. The most affected teeth were lower anterior teeth while The least commonly affected teeth were lower right posterior teeth. Conclusion: Prevalence of gingival recession showed more frequently in males than in females. Gingival recession was found to be more common in mandibular arch than maxillary. Lower anterior teeth than posterior ones and Left side of the arch was more commonly affected. This is a preliminary basis toward establishing a complete epidemiological study regarding the prevalence, severity as well as manifestations of oral diseases in Egypt. Hopefully, this help toward planning effective, preventive as well as therapeutic measures in this regard.

Objective: The present study evaluated marginal bone level around immediate loaded implants using one piece and two piece implants. Subjects and methods: A group of 22 patients were divided into two groups; Group 1: 11 Patients received immediate loaded implant placement using one piece implants. Group 2: 11 Patients received immediate loaded implant placement using two piece implants. According to clinical evaluation; plaque Index, gingival Index and peri-implant probing depth were recorded and measured at three and six months and nine months, also implant quality score was measured. Radiographically, marginal bone level was measured and bone density and compared in three months, six months, nine months. Results: Group 1 showed a significant decrease in the peri-implant probing depth compared to Group 2. Group 1 showed significant buccal marginal bone loss than Group 2 allover the time intervals. There is no significant difference in the palatal or mesial or distal surface between the two groups. Also no significant difference between the two groups including plaque index or gingival index or bone density. Concerning the implant quality scale; 100% of group 2 were scale 1 , while 50% of group 1 were considered scale 1. Conclusion: immediate loading of two piece dental implants appeared significantly superior than one piece type.

Peri-implant diseases are becoming more common, especially as dental implants are used more frequently. Because it is thought to represent the best chance of success, developing healthy peri-implant tissues has thus become a key challenge in implant dentistry. The most recent theories of the disease were summarized, and this chapter provides an overview of the research on treatment modalities, emphasizing when and how to use each. Clear and illustrated scientific data was presented about case definitions, epidemiology, risk factors, microbiological profiles, and preventive and treatment decisions related to peri-implant diseases. The most standardized approach was selected among the several that are available for treating peri-implant diseases.

Introduction: Scanning electron microscopy provides a valuable method to investigate minor changes that could predispose to periodontal diseases. The goal of this study is to deeply investigate and analyze the surface texture of periodontal-affected teeth utilizing a gray-level co-occurrence matrix, and to provide a primary model for periodontal diagnosis. Methods: Eighty teeth were obtained from a dental clinic at the Faculty of Dental Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt. The teeth were extracted due to irreversible periodontal disease. The present study utilized 41 scanning electron microscopic images of obtained periodontal-affected teeth, processed them using a gray level co-occurrence matrix, and compared them to 14 images of healthy teeth extracted for orthodontic therapeutic purposes. Teeth with gross caries or fractures were excluded. The Whitney U test was used to compare the two groups. The significance level was set at P ≤ 0.05 using SPSS 28. Results: The textural characteristic analyzed utilizing the gray level co-occurrence matrix revealed that the periodontal-affected group had an insignificantly greater angular second moment, z = [ -1.408], p = [.159]. Correlation [z = [2.713], p = [.040] Inverse Difference Moment z = [-1.390], p = [.165], Entropy. z = [-1.408], p = [.159] The sum of all GLCM elements z = [ .000], p = [ 1.000] than normal group. Conclusion: The textural features analysis using gray level co-occurrence matrix could be a promising technique for surface changes evaluations that accompany and/or predispose to periodontal diseases. It also provides an avenue for image modelling for periodontal diagnosis.

Objective This study aimed to provide an inclusive comparison between the peri-implant phenotype of immediately placed in fresh extraction socket one-piece and two-piece implants with immediate loading in the anterior region.Materials and Methods Twenty-two patients with a mean age of 36 ± 4.6 (4 males and 18 females)) were randomly allocated to the one-piece and the two-piece groups. Each patient had one immediate implant placement with immediate loading by provisional restorations. Gingival Index, Peri-implant Probing depth, Papilla Presence Index, and, Implant Quality Score were recorded at 3, 6, 9 months, and 18 months. Cone beam computerized tomography is utilized to assess peri-implant bone for 1 year.Statistical analysis A two-sample t-test was used to compare the two groups.Results Both groups showed similar clinical presentations. For group two, Gingival Index, Papilla Presence Index, Peri-implant Index, Implant Quality Score, and eri-implant bone level showed statistically significant improvement. Group one showed a non-significant increase in bone density.Conclusions The peri-implant phenotype showed more predictable treatment outcomes in the context of health and esthetics in two-pieces than in one-piece.