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Meiji Soe Aung
Department of Hygiene, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan

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Case report
Published: 01 September 2021 in New Microbes and New Infections
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Bacteroides pyogenes is a member of the oral flora of cats and dogs. We report a case of B. pyogenes isolated from appendiceal abscess in a patient without history of animal contact. This species was identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) and sequencing of 16S rRNA, rpoB, gyrB and hsp60 genes.

ACS Style

Junya Takahashi; Takayuki Sato; Nobuyuki Kobayashi; Masatoshi Sado; Meiji Soe Aung; Nobumichi Kobayashi; Satoshi Fujii. Bacteroides pyogenes isolated from appendiceal abscess in a patient without animal contact. New Microbes and New Infections 2021, 100933 .

AMA Style

Junya Takahashi, Takayuki Sato, Nobuyuki Kobayashi, Masatoshi Sado, Meiji Soe Aung, Nobumichi Kobayashi, Satoshi Fujii. Bacteroides pyogenes isolated from appendiceal abscess in a patient without animal contact. New Microbes and New Infections. 2021; ():100933.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Junya Takahashi; Takayuki Sato; Nobuyuki Kobayashi; Masatoshi Sado; Meiji Soe Aung; Nobumichi Kobayashi; Satoshi Fujii. 2021. "Bacteroides pyogenes isolated from appendiceal abscess in a patient without animal contact." New Microbes and New Infections , no. : 100933.

Communication
Published: 21 April 2021 in Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease
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Bangladesh is an endemic region of dengue fever and experienced an unprecedented large outbreak with more than 100,000 confirmed cases in 2019. To understand the prevalence of dengue antibody in patients and molecular epidemiological characteristics of dengue virus (DENV) in this outbreak, a total of 179 blood samples were collected from patients in 10 districts (seven divisions) covering nearly the whole country from August to December 2019. DENV NS-1 was detected in 162 samples, among which DENV-specific IgM was positive in 119 samples (73.5%), including 60.5% samples also positive for DENV-specific IgG. Sequencing of the partial C-prM gene and its phylogenetic analysis revealed predominance of DENV type 3 genotype I, accounting for 93% of samples examined. DENV-3 genotype III was identified in two samples from separate districts, and only one DENV-2 cosmopolitan genotype was found in the capital city, Dhaka. These findings suggest the predominance of DENV-3 genotype I and occurrence of DENV-3 genotype III, associated with increased incidence of recent secondary infection in Bangladesh in 2019.

ACS Style

Snigdha Titir; Shyamal Paul; Salma Ahmed; Nazia Haque; Syeda Nasreen; Khondoker Hossain; Fahim Ahmad; Sultana Nila; Jobyda Khanam; Neaz Nowsher; Abu Al Amin; Amdad Khan; Meiji Aung; Nobumichi Kobayashi. Nationwide Distribution of Dengue Virus Type 3 (DENV-3) Genotype I and Emergence of DENV-3 Genotype III during the 2019 Outbreak in Bangladesh. Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease 2021, 6, 58 .

AMA Style

Snigdha Titir, Shyamal Paul, Salma Ahmed, Nazia Haque, Syeda Nasreen, Khondoker Hossain, Fahim Ahmad, Sultana Nila, Jobyda Khanam, Neaz Nowsher, Abu Al Amin, Amdad Khan, Meiji Aung, Nobumichi Kobayashi. Nationwide Distribution of Dengue Virus Type 3 (DENV-3) Genotype I and Emergence of DENV-3 Genotype III during the 2019 Outbreak in Bangladesh. Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease. 2021; 6 (2):58.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Snigdha Titir; Shyamal Paul; Salma Ahmed; Nazia Haque; Syeda Nasreen; Khondoker Hossain; Fahim Ahmad; Sultana Nila; Jobyda Khanam; Neaz Nowsher; Abu Al Amin; Amdad Khan; Meiji Aung; Nobumichi Kobayashi. 2021. "Nationwide Distribution of Dengue Virus Type 3 (DENV-3) Genotype I and Emergence of DENV-3 Genotype III during the 2019 Outbreak in Bangladesh." Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease 6, no. 2: 58.

Journal article
Published: 01 April 2021 in International Journal of Infectious Diseases
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The emergence and spread of nonencapsulated Streptococcus pneumoniae (NESp) is a public health concern in the post-pneumococcal conjugate vaccine era. We analyzed the prevalence, molecular characteristics, and antimicrobial resistance of NESp responsible for non-invasive infections in northern Japan. Among 4463 S. pneumoniae isolates collected from non-invasive infection cases during four study periods between January 2011 and January 2019, NESp isolates were identified using molecular and phenotypical methods. NESp isolates were analyzed for antimicrobial susceptibility, genotype, and virulence-associated genes. A total of 71 NESp isolates were identified (1.6% of all the clinical isolates) and assigned to the null capsule clade (NCC)1 (pspK+) (94.4%) or NCC2 (aliC+/aliD+) (5.6%). Five dominant sequence types (STs) were ST7502 (23.9%), ST4845 (19.7%), ST16214 (11.3%), ST11379 (9.9%), and ST7786 (7.0%). These dominant STs and all seven novel STs were related to the sporadic NESp lineage ST1106 or PMEN clone Denmark14-ST230. High non-susceptibility rates of NESp were observed for trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, erythromycin, and tetracycline (>92.9%), and multidrug resistance was observed in 88.7% of the NESp isolates, including all the ST7502, ST4845, and ST11379 isolates. The present study revealed that the dominant clonal groups of NESp were associated with a high prevalence of non-susceptibility to antimicrobials in northern Japan.

ACS Style

Mitsuyo Kawaguchiya; Noriko Urushibara; Meiji Soe Aung; Kenji Kudo; Masahiko Ito; Ayako Sumi; Nobumichi Kobayashi. Clonal lineages and antimicrobial resistance of nonencapsulated Streptococcus pneumoniae in the post-pneumococcal conjugate vaccine era in Japan. International Journal of Infectious Diseases 2021, 105, 695 -701.

AMA Style

Mitsuyo Kawaguchiya, Noriko Urushibara, Meiji Soe Aung, Kenji Kudo, Masahiko Ito, Ayako Sumi, Nobumichi Kobayashi. Clonal lineages and antimicrobial resistance of nonencapsulated Streptococcus pneumoniae in the post-pneumococcal conjugate vaccine era in Japan. International Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2021; 105 ():695-701.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mitsuyo Kawaguchiya; Noriko Urushibara; Meiji Soe Aung; Kenji Kudo; Masahiko Ito; Ayako Sumi; Nobumichi Kobayashi. 2021. "Clonal lineages and antimicrobial resistance of nonencapsulated Streptococcus pneumoniae in the post-pneumococcal conjugate vaccine era in Japan." International Journal of Infectious Diseases 105, no. : 695-701.

Journal article
Published: 09 March 2021 in Infectious Disease Reports
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Infections represent an important problem in neonates because of the high mortality. An increase in neonatal infections has been found in Cuban hospitals in recent years. The aim of this study was to provide evidence on the clinical and microbiological behavior of Gram-negative bacilli that cause neonatal infections in hospitals of Havana, Cuba. It was carried out as a descriptive cross-sectional investigation from September 2017 to July 2018 in The Tropical Medicine Institute “Pedro Kouri” (IPK). Sixty-one Gram-negative bacilli isolated from neonates with infections in six Gyneco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospitals of Havana were analyzed for their species and antimicrobial susceptibility. Late-onset infections were more common than early-onset ones and included urinary tract infection in the community (87%) and sepsis in hospitals (63.3%). Catheter use (47%) and prolonged stay (38%) were the most frequent risk factors. Species of major pathogens were Escherichia coli (47%) and Klebsiella spp. (26%). The isolated Gram-negative bacilli showed high resistance rates to third-generation cephalosporins, ciprofloxacin and gentamicin, while being more susceptible to carbapenems, fosfomycin, colistin and amikacin. The present study revealed the clinical impact of Gram-negative bacilli in neonatology units in hospitals of Havana. Evaluation of antimicrobial susceptibilities to the isolates from neonates is necessary for selection of appropriate empirical therapy and promotion of the rational antibiotic use.

ACS Style

Arlenis Oliva; Yenisel Carmona; Elizabeth de La C. López; Roberto Álvarez; Meiji Aung; Nobumichi Kobayashi; Dianelys Quiñones. Characterization of Neonatal Infections by Gram-Negative Bacilli and Associated Risk Factors, Havana, Cuba. Infectious Disease Reports 2021, 13, 219 -229.

AMA Style

Arlenis Oliva, Yenisel Carmona, Elizabeth de La C. López, Roberto Álvarez, Meiji Aung, Nobumichi Kobayashi, Dianelys Quiñones. Characterization of Neonatal Infections by Gram-Negative Bacilli and Associated Risk Factors, Havana, Cuba. Infectious Disease Reports. 2021; 13 (1):219-229.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Arlenis Oliva; Yenisel Carmona; Elizabeth de La C. López; Roberto Álvarez; Meiji Aung; Nobumichi Kobayashi; Dianelys Quiñones. 2021. "Characterization of Neonatal Infections by Gram-Negative Bacilli and Associated Risk Factors, Havana, Cuba." Infectious Disease Reports 13, no. 1: 219-229.

Correspondence
Published: 12 February 2021 in New Microbes and New Infections
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Recent Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates in a teaching hospital in Myanmar comprised three major sequence types (ST2, ST16 and ST23) and two sporadic STs, showing a high resistance rate to carbapenem associated with blaOXA-23. The NDM-1 encoding gene was identified in only one isolate exhibiting novel ST1407 (a triple-locus variant of ST16).

ACS Style

M.S. Aung; Myat Su Hlaing; Nilar San; Thin Thin Mar; Nobumichi Kobayashi. Clonal diversity of Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates in Myanmar: identification of novel ST1407 harbouring blaNDM-1. New Microbes and New Infections 2021, 40, 100847 .

AMA Style

M.S. Aung, Myat Su Hlaing, Nilar San, Thin Thin Mar, Nobumichi Kobayashi. Clonal diversity of Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates in Myanmar: identification of novel ST1407 harbouring blaNDM-1. New Microbes and New Infections. 2021; 40 ():100847.

Chicago/Turabian Style

M.S. Aung; Myat Su Hlaing; Nilar San; Thin Thin Mar; Nobumichi Kobayashi. 2021. "Clonal diversity of Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates in Myanmar: identification of novel ST1407 harbouring blaNDM-1." New Microbes and New Infections 40, no. : 100847.

Journal article
Published: 03 February 2021 in Pathogens
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Staphylococcus argenteus, a novel staphylococcal species independent of S. aureus, causes a wide spectrum of infectious diseases. As detection of this species from humans and animals has been increasingly reported worldwide, its growing virulence and drug resistance via external genetic determinants has become concerning. In this study, the prevalence and genetic characteristics of virulence factors and drug resistance determinants were investigated for 82 S. argenteus clinical isolates in Hokkaido, Japan, for a one-year period starting in August 2019. These S. argenteus isolates corresponded to 0.66% of the total number of S. aureus isolates collected in the same period. The most prevalent genotype was sequence type (ST) 2250 and staphylocoagulase (coa) genotype XId (45.1%, n = 37), followed by ST1223-coa XV (30.5%, n = 25) and ST2198-coa XIV (24.4%, n = 20). Panton-Valentine leukocidin genes (lukS-PV-lukF-PV) were identified in a single ST2250 isolate. Only ST1223 isolates had the enterotoxin gene cluster (egc-2), seb, and selw (detection rate; 100%, 60%, and 84%, respectively), while sec, sey, sel26-sel27, tst-1 were only detected in ST2250 isolates (detection rate; 10.8%, 100%, 67.6%, and 10.8%, respectively). ST2198 isolates harbored selx at a significantly higher rate (60%) than isolates of other STs. Although most of S. argenteus isolates were susceptible to antimicrobials examined, ST2198 showed higher resistance rates to penicillin, macrolides, and aminoglycosides than other STs, and it harbored various resistance genes such as blaZ, erm(C), msr(A), lnuA, and aac(6′)-Ie-aph(2″)-Ia. Only one ST2250 isolate possessed SCCmec-IVc, showing resistance to oxacillin. blaZ was the most prevalent determinant of resistance in the three STs and belonged to two plasmid groups and a chromosomal group, suggesting its diverse origin. lnu(A) in ST2198 isolates was assigned to a major cluster with various staphylococcal species. The present study indicates that the prevalence of virulence factors and drug resistance profile/determinants differ depending on the lineage (ST) of S. argenteus.

ACS Style

Meiji Aung; Noriko Urushibara; Mitsuyo Kawaguchiya; Mina Hirose; Miyo Ike; Masahiko Ito; Nobumichi Kobayashi. Distribution of Virulence Factors and Resistance Determinants in Three Genotypes of Staphylococcus argenteus Clinical Isolates in Japan. Pathogens 2021, 10, 163 .

AMA Style

Meiji Aung, Noriko Urushibara, Mitsuyo Kawaguchiya, Mina Hirose, Miyo Ike, Masahiko Ito, Nobumichi Kobayashi. Distribution of Virulence Factors and Resistance Determinants in Three Genotypes of Staphylococcus argenteus Clinical Isolates in Japan. Pathogens. 2021; 10 (2):163.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Meiji Aung; Noriko Urushibara; Mitsuyo Kawaguchiya; Mina Hirose; Miyo Ike; Masahiko Ito; Nobumichi Kobayashi. 2021. "Distribution of Virulence Factors and Resistance Determinants in Three Genotypes of Staphylococcus argenteus Clinical Isolates in Japan." Pathogens 10, no. 2: 163.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2021 in Microbial Drug Resistance
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In recent years, nosocomial infections due to multidrug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strains have been increasing, associated with growing trend of resistance to beta-lactams and fluoroquinolones (FQs) worldwide. In this study, prevalence of beta-lactamase genes and resistance mechanisms to FQ were analyzed in 191 clinical K. pneumoniae isolates derived from respiratory tract infections in a teaching hospital in Yangon, Myanmar. The major extended-spectrum beta-lactamase gene was blaCTX-M, which was detected in 33% of isolates, with CTX-M-15 being dominant. Fourteen isolates (7.3%) harbored carbapenemase genes that were genotyped as blaNDM-1, blaNDM-5, or blaNDM-7. The most common plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) gene was aac6′-Ib-cr (51.8%), followed by qnrB (41.9%), oqxAB (23%), and qnrS (15.2%). In quinolone-resistance determining region of GyrA, eight different types of mutation were identified for FQ-resistant isolates, with double mutations at two positions (S83F, D87A) being most common (54.6%). Isolates with double mutations (three patterns) showed higher minimal inhibitory concentration to levofloxacin (LVX) (≥64 μg/mL) than those with a single mutation. PMQR gene profiles, including aac6′-Ib-cr and any other gene(s), were generally related to higher resistance level to LVX. K. pneumoniae isolates with different profiles of beta-lactamase genes and FQ-resistance determinants were mostly classified into ST15 or its single-locus variant (SLV). The most common NDM gene, blaNDM-5, was detected in ST975 (ST15-SLV) isolates and an ST4000 isolate. The present study revealed the wide spread of FQ-resistant K. pneumoniae clinical isolates acquiring various FQ-resistance determinants and beta-lactamases that were presumably derived from a single clonal lineage in a hospital in Myanmar.

ACS Style

Meiji Soe Aung; Nyein Chan Win; Nilar San; Myat Su Hlaing; Yi Yi Myint; Pyae Phyo Thu; Myint Thazin Aung; Kyaw Thu Yaa; Win Win Maw; Noriko Urushibara; Nobumichi Kobayashi. Prevalence of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase/Carbapenemase Genes and Quinolone-Resistance Determinants in Klebsiella pneumoniae Clinical Isolates from Respiratory Infections in Myanmar. Microbial Drug Resistance 2021, 27, 36 -43.

AMA Style

Meiji Soe Aung, Nyein Chan Win, Nilar San, Myat Su Hlaing, Yi Yi Myint, Pyae Phyo Thu, Myint Thazin Aung, Kyaw Thu Yaa, Win Win Maw, Noriko Urushibara, Nobumichi Kobayashi. Prevalence of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase/Carbapenemase Genes and Quinolone-Resistance Determinants in Klebsiella pneumoniae Clinical Isolates from Respiratory Infections in Myanmar. Microbial Drug Resistance. 2021; 27 (1):36-43.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Meiji Soe Aung; Nyein Chan Win; Nilar San; Myat Su Hlaing; Yi Yi Myint; Pyae Phyo Thu; Myint Thazin Aung; Kyaw Thu Yaa; Win Win Maw; Noriko Urushibara; Nobumichi Kobayashi. 2021. "Prevalence of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase/Carbapenemase Genes and Quinolone-Resistance Determinants in Klebsiella pneumoniae Clinical Isolates from Respiratory Infections in Myanmar." Microbial Drug Resistance 27, no. 1: 36-43.

Journal article
Published: 26 December 2020 in Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance
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Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the leading causes of bloodstream infections (BSIs). We aimed to study molecular epidemiological characteristics of MRSA isolates from BSIs in northern Japan to elucidate the recent trend of their clonal diversity. MRSA isolates (n = 277) were collected from blood samples of patients who attended healthcare facilities in Hokkaido, the northern main island of Japan, for a two-year period from August 2017. Genotypes, virulence factors/drug-resistance determinants, and structure of SCCmec complex were analysed by PCR and sequencing analysis. SCCmec-IIa (n = 171, 61.7%) with coagulase genotype (coa-) II, ST5/ST764/ST2389 was the most common genetic trait, followed by SCCmec-IVa (n = 78, 28.2%), and IVl (n = 10, 3.6%). Among the MRSA-IVa, 14 isolates (5.1% of all the isolates) had genetic features identical to USA300 clone (ST8/coa-IIIa/spa-t008 having ΦSa2USA and ACME-I), while PVL/ACME-negative MRSA-IVa isolates (n = 64) were classified into coa-IIa/IIIa/VIIa/VIIb, with coa-VIIa/spa-t1784/ST1 being dominant. Other minor clones included ST8-SCCmec-I, and ST30/ST45/ST81/ST121/ST1232-SCCmec-V, among which the ST1232 isolate harboured PVL genes. Spermidine N-acetyltransferase gene (speG), which is typically present in ACME-I of USA300 clone, was also identified in two isolates, ACME-II’-positive ST764-MRSA-IIa and ACME-negative ST1-MRSA-IVa, showing resistance to spermine. speG of these isolates was located in additional SCCs adjacent to SCCmec. Our present study revealed clonal diversity of MRSA from BSIs in Japan, with increased prevalence of ST8-USA300. Distinct types of speG-carrying SCCs associated with SCCmec-II or IV were identified.

ACS Style

Meiji Soe Aung; Noriko Urushibara; Mitsuyo Kawaguchiya; Mina Hirose; Masahiko Ito; Satoshi Habadera; Nobumichi Kobayashi. Clonal diversity of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) from bloodstream infections in northern Japan: Identification of spermidine N-acetyltransferase gene (speG) in staphylococcal cassette chromosomes (SCCs) associated with type II and IV SCCmec. Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance 2020, 24, 207 -214.

AMA Style

Meiji Soe Aung, Noriko Urushibara, Mitsuyo Kawaguchiya, Mina Hirose, Masahiko Ito, Satoshi Habadera, Nobumichi Kobayashi. Clonal diversity of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) from bloodstream infections in northern Japan: Identification of spermidine N-acetyltransferase gene (speG) in staphylococcal cassette chromosomes (SCCs) associated with type II and IV SCCmec. Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance. 2020; 24 ():207-214.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Meiji Soe Aung; Noriko Urushibara; Mitsuyo Kawaguchiya; Mina Hirose; Masahiko Ito; Satoshi Habadera; Nobumichi Kobayashi. 2020. "Clonal diversity of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) from bloodstream infections in northern Japan: Identification of spermidine N-acetyltransferase gene (speG) in staphylococcal cassette chromosomes (SCCs) associated with type II and IV SCCmec." Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance 24, no. : 207-214.

Journal article
Published: 14 August 2020 in Microorganisms
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Enterococcus faecalis is one of the major causes of urinary tract infection, showing acquired resistance to various classes of antimicrobials. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of drug resistance and its genetic determinants for E. faecalis clinical isolates in north-central Bangladesh. Among a total of 210 E. faecalis isolates, isolated from urine, the resistance rates to erythromycin, levofloxacin, and gentamicin (high level) were 85.2, 45.7, and 11.4%, respectively, while no isolates were resistant to ampicillin, vancomycin and teicoplanin. The most prevalent resistance gene was erm(B) (97%), and any of the four genes encoding aminoglycoside modifying enzyme (AME) were detected in 99 isolates (47%). The AME gene aac(6′)-Ie-aph(2”)-Ia was detected in 46 isolates (21.9%) and was diverse in terms of IS256-flanking patterns, which were associated with resistance level to gentamicin. Tetracycline resistance was ascribable to tet(M) (61%) and tet(L) (38%), and mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining region of both GyrA and ParC were identified in 44% of isolates. Five isolates (2.4%) exhibited non-susceptibility to linezolide (MIC, 4 μg/mL), and harbored the oxazolidinone resistance gene optrA, which was located in a novel genetic cluster containing the phenicol exporter gene fexA. The optrA-positive isolates belonged to ST59, ST902, and ST917 (CC59), while common lineages of other multiple drug-resistant isolates were ST6, ST28, CC16, and CC116. The present study first revealed the prevalence of drug resistance determinants of E. faecalis and their genetic profiles in Bangladesh.

ACS Style

Sangjukta Roy; Meiji Soe Aung; Shyamal Kumar Paul; Salma Ahmed; Nazia Haque; Emily Rahman Khan; Tridip Kanti Barman; Arup Islam; Sahida Abedin; Chand Sultana; Anindita Paul; Muhammad Akram Hossain; Noriko Urushibara; Mitsuyo Kawaguchiya; Ayako Sumi; Nobumichi Kobayashi. Drug Resistance Determinants in Clinical Isolates of Enterococcus faecalis in Bangladesh: Identification of Oxazolidinone Resistance Gene optrA in ST59 and ST902 Lineages. Microorganisms 2020, 8, 1240 .

AMA Style

Sangjukta Roy, Meiji Soe Aung, Shyamal Kumar Paul, Salma Ahmed, Nazia Haque, Emily Rahman Khan, Tridip Kanti Barman, Arup Islam, Sahida Abedin, Chand Sultana, Anindita Paul, Muhammad Akram Hossain, Noriko Urushibara, Mitsuyo Kawaguchiya, Ayako Sumi, Nobumichi Kobayashi. Drug Resistance Determinants in Clinical Isolates of Enterococcus faecalis in Bangladesh: Identification of Oxazolidinone Resistance Gene optrA in ST59 and ST902 Lineages. Microorganisms. 2020; 8 (8):1240.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sangjukta Roy; Meiji Soe Aung; Shyamal Kumar Paul; Salma Ahmed; Nazia Haque; Emily Rahman Khan; Tridip Kanti Barman; Arup Islam; Sahida Abedin; Chand Sultana; Anindita Paul; Muhammad Akram Hossain; Noriko Urushibara; Mitsuyo Kawaguchiya; Ayako Sumi; Nobumichi Kobayashi. 2020. "Drug Resistance Determinants in Clinical Isolates of Enterococcus faecalis in Bangladesh: Identification of Oxazolidinone Resistance Gene optrA in ST59 and ST902 Lineages." Microorganisms 8, no. 8: 1240.

Journal article
Published: 23 May 2020 in Toxins
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Staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs) are virulence factors of Staphylococcus aureus associated with various toxic diseases due to their emetic and superantigenic activities. Although at least 27 SE(-like) genes have been identified in S. aureus to date, the newly identified SE(-like) genes have not yet been well characterized by their epidemiological features. In this study, the prevalence and genetic diversity of SE gene sey and SE-like genes selw, selx, selz, sel26, and sel27 were investigated for 624 clinical isolates of community-acquired methicillin-resistant S. aureus (CA-MRSA). The most prevalent SE(-like) gene was selw (92.9%), followed by selx (85.6%), sey (35.4%) and selz (5.6%), while sel26 and sel27 were not detected. Phylogenetically, sey, selw, selx, and selz were discriminated into 7, 10, 16, and 9 subtypes (groups), respectively. Among these subtypes, sey was the most conserved and showed the highest sequence identity (>98.8%), followed by selz and selx. The SE-like gene selw was the most divergent, and four out of ten genetic groups contained pseudogenes that may encode truncated product. Individual subtypes of SE(-like) genes were generally found in isolates with specific genotypes/lineages of S. aureus. This study revealed the putative ubiquity of selw and selx and the prevalence of sey and selz in some specific lineages (e.g., ST121) in CA-MRSA, suggesting a potential role of these newly described SEs(-like) in pathogenicity.

ACS Style

Meiji Soe Aung; Noriko Urushibara; Mitsuyo Kawaguchiya; Masahiko Ito; Satoshi Habadera; Nobumichi Kobayashi. Prevalence and Genetic Diversity of Staphylococcal Enterotoxin (-Like) Genes sey, selw, selx, selz, sel26 and sel27 in Community-Acquired Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Toxins 2020, 12, 347 .

AMA Style

Meiji Soe Aung, Noriko Urushibara, Mitsuyo Kawaguchiya, Masahiko Ito, Satoshi Habadera, Nobumichi Kobayashi. Prevalence and Genetic Diversity of Staphylococcal Enterotoxin (-Like) Genes sey, selw, selx, selz, sel26 and sel27 in Community-Acquired Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Toxins. 2020; 12 (5):347.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Meiji Soe Aung; Noriko Urushibara; Mitsuyo Kawaguchiya; Masahiko Ito; Satoshi Habadera; Nobumichi Kobayashi. 2020. "Prevalence and Genetic Diversity of Staphylococcal Enterotoxin (-Like) Genes sey, selw, selx, selz, sel26 and sel27 in Community-Acquired Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus." Toxins 12, no. 5: 347.

Journal article
Published: 21 May 2020 in Journal of Infection and Public Health
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Multidrug resistance (MDR) in non-vaccine serotypes (NVTs)-Streptococcus pneumoniae is a global public health concern after the widespread use of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs). The present study aimed to analyze the prevalence of serotypes and antimicrobial susceptibilities of non-invasive/colonization isolates of S. pneumoniae eight years after the introduction of PCV in Japan. A total of 545 non-invasive pneumococcal isolates (460 children, 85 adults) obtained from July 2018 to January 2019 were studied. All isolates were tested for susceptibility to ten antimicrobials and were characterized for serotypes, penicillin binding protein (PBP) genotypes, and macrolide resistance genes. Among children, 95.0% of isolates belonged to non-13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) serotypes (NVTs), with 15A (15.0%) being dominant, followed by 35B (12.2%), 23A (11.1%), 15B (9.8%), and 15C (9.6%). In contrast, serotype 3 (18.8%) was the most prevalent in adults, while 15A, 10A, and 23A were also common. Serotypes covered by PCV13 and 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) in all the adult isolates were 25.9% and 48.2%, respectively. High resistance rates were observed against erythromycin, tetracycline, and clindamycin (≥62.4% children, ≥58.8% adults). Penicillin-resistant and penicillin-intermediate isolates represented 2.2% and 33.8% of all isolates, respectively. Most isolates of the three dominant NVTs 15A, 35B, and 23A were non-susceptible to penicillin. Overall, multiple drug resistance (MDR) was detected in 69.0% of all isolates, including dominant NVTs 15A, 35B, 23A, 15B, and 15C. Among all the isolates, 81.8% harbored at least one altered PBP genes, and erm(B), mef(A/E) and both these genes were found in 68.2%, 23.3%, and 6.8%, respectively. High prevalence (>90%) of erm(B) was observed in serogroup 15, and serotypes 23A, 33F, and 12F. The present study revealed the high prevalence of NVTs 15 and 23A, and 35B showing MDR, suggesting their spread after introduction of routine PCV immunization.

ACS Style

Mitsuyo Kawaguchiya; Noriko Urushibara; Meiji Soe Aung; Masahiko Ito; Ayana Takahashi; Satoshi Habadera; Nobumichi Kobayashi. High prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in non-vaccine serotypes of non-invasive/colonization isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae: A cross-sectional study eight years after the licensure of conjugate vaccine in Japan. Journal of Infection and Public Health 2020, 13, 1094 -1100.

AMA Style

Mitsuyo Kawaguchiya, Noriko Urushibara, Meiji Soe Aung, Masahiko Ito, Ayana Takahashi, Satoshi Habadera, Nobumichi Kobayashi. High prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in non-vaccine serotypes of non-invasive/colonization isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae: A cross-sectional study eight years after the licensure of conjugate vaccine in Japan. Journal of Infection and Public Health. 2020; 13 (8):1094-1100.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mitsuyo Kawaguchiya; Noriko Urushibara; Meiji Soe Aung; Masahiko Ito; Ayana Takahashi; Satoshi Habadera; Nobumichi Kobayashi. 2020. "High prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in non-vaccine serotypes of non-invasive/colonization isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae: A cross-sectional study eight years after the licensure of conjugate vaccine in Japan." Journal of Infection and Public Health 13, no. 8: 1094-1100.

Journal article
Published: 01 April 2020 in Microbial Drug Resistance
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Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) is a pore-forming toxin encoded by genes on bacteriophages distributed to Staphylococcus aureus, associated with its increased virulence to humans. In this study, molecular epidemiological characteristics were investigated for 239 clinical isolates of S. aureus collected in a tertiary care hospital in Yangon, Myanmar, particularly with regard to methicillin resistance and PVL genes. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) accounted for 13.8% (33/239) and possessed mostly types IV- and V-SCCmec, while types III- and IX-SCCmec were identified in a few isolates. PVL genes were detected in 66.7% and 28.6% in MRSA and methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA), respectively. Among PVL-positive MRSA, ST772/SCCmec-V isolates (i.e., Bengal Bay clone) were predominant (73%, 16/22), and harbored PVL gene-encoding bacteriophage ΦSa119. Furthermore, two ST8-MRSA-SCCmec-IVa isolates harbored type-I arginine catabolic mobile element and ΦSa2usa: these isolates were considered the USA300 clone first identified in Myanmar. ΦPVL was the most frequent PVL phage among MSSA (56%, 33/59), and distributed to various genotypes, with ST88 and ST121 being dominant. In contrast, ΦSa2usa and ΦSa119 were also detected in MSSA with genotypes other than ST8 or ST772, suggesting the spread of these PVL phages to MSSA. The present study revealed potentially high prevalence of PVL phages among diverse clones of MRSA and MSSA in Myanmar.

ACS Style

Meiji Soe Aung; Thida San; Noriko Urushibara; Nilar San; Win Mar Oo; Pan Ei Soe; Yamin Kyaw; Phyo May Ko; Pyae Phyo Thu; Myat Su Hlaing; Mitsuyo Kawaguchiya; Nobumichi Kobayashi. Molecular Characterization of Methicillin-Susceptible and -Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Harboring Panton-Valentine Leukocidin-Encoding Bacteriophages in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Myanmar. Microbial Drug Resistance 2020, 26, 360 -367.

AMA Style

Meiji Soe Aung, Thida San, Noriko Urushibara, Nilar San, Win Mar Oo, Pan Ei Soe, Yamin Kyaw, Phyo May Ko, Pyae Phyo Thu, Myat Su Hlaing, Mitsuyo Kawaguchiya, Nobumichi Kobayashi. Molecular Characterization of Methicillin-Susceptible and -Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Harboring Panton-Valentine Leukocidin-Encoding Bacteriophages in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Myanmar. Microbial Drug Resistance. 2020; 26 (4):360-367.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Meiji Soe Aung; Thida San; Noriko Urushibara; Nilar San; Win Mar Oo; Pan Ei Soe; Yamin Kyaw; Phyo May Ko; Pyae Phyo Thu; Myat Su Hlaing; Mitsuyo Kawaguchiya; Nobumichi Kobayashi. 2020. "Molecular Characterization of Methicillin-Susceptible and -Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Harboring Panton-Valentine Leukocidin-Encoding Bacteriophages in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Myanmar." Microbial Drug Resistance 26, no. 4: 360-367.

Journal article
Published: 16 January 2020 in Pathogens
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Increase of extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) showing resistance to beta-lactams is a major public health concern. This study was conducted as a first molecular epidemiological study on ExPEC in Cuba, regarding prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) and carbapenemase genes. A total of 306 ExPEC isolates collected in medical institutions in 16 regions in Cuba (2014–2018) were analyzed for their genotypes and presence of genes encoding ESBL, carbapenemase, plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) determinants by PCR and sequencing. The most common phylogenetic group of ExPEC was B2 (49%), followed by D (23%), A (21%), and B1 (7%). Among ESBL genes detected, blaCTX-M was the most common and detected in 61% of ExPEC, with blaCTX-M-15 being dominant and distributed to all the phylogenetic groups. NDM-1 type carbapenemase gene was identified in two isolates of phylogenetic group B1-ST448. Phylogenetic group B2 ExPEC belonged to mostly ST131 (or its single-locus variant) with O25b allele, harboring blaCTX-M-27, and included an isolate of emerging type ST1193. aac (6’)-Ib-cr was the most prevalent PMQR gene (40.5%), being present in 54.5% of CTX-M-positive isolates. These results indicated high prevalence of CTX-M genes and the emergence of NDM-1 gene among recent ExPEC in Cuba, depicting an alarming situation.

ACS Style

Dianelys Quiñones; Meiji Soe Aung; Yenisel Carmona; María Karla González; Niurka Pereda; Mercedes Hidalgo; Mayrelis Rivero; Arnaldo Zayas; Rosa Del Campo; Noriko Urushibara; Nobumichi Kobayashi; Arnaldo Zallas. High Prevalence of CTX-M Type Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Genes and Detection of NDM-1 Carbapenemase Gene in Extraintestinal Pathogenic Escherichia coli in Cuba. Pathogens 2020, 9, 65 .

AMA Style

Dianelys Quiñones, Meiji Soe Aung, Yenisel Carmona, María Karla González, Niurka Pereda, Mercedes Hidalgo, Mayrelis Rivero, Arnaldo Zayas, Rosa Del Campo, Noriko Urushibara, Nobumichi Kobayashi, Arnaldo Zallas. High Prevalence of CTX-M Type Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Genes and Detection of NDM-1 Carbapenemase Gene in Extraintestinal Pathogenic Escherichia coli in Cuba. Pathogens. 2020; 9 (1):65.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dianelys Quiñones; Meiji Soe Aung; Yenisel Carmona; María Karla González; Niurka Pereda; Mercedes Hidalgo; Mayrelis Rivero; Arnaldo Zayas; Rosa Del Campo; Noriko Urushibara; Nobumichi Kobayashi; Arnaldo Zallas. 2020. "High Prevalence of CTX-M Type Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Genes and Detection of NDM-1 Carbapenemase Gene in Extraintestinal Pathogenic Escherichia coli in Cuba." Pathogens 9, no. 1: 65.

Correspondence
Published: 02 December 2019 in New Microbes and New Infections
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Dengue virus (DENV) that caused an outbreak in Dhaka, Bangladesh during 2018 was analysed phylogenetically. DENV samples were classified into type 2-Cosmopolitan genotype (54%) and type 3-genotype I (46%), indicating co-circulation of two DENV types and resurgence of type 3 associated with genotype replacement.

ACS Style

F.U. Ahmad; S.K. Paul; M.S. Aung; R. Mazid; M. Alam; S. Ahmed; N. Haque; M.A. Hossain; R. Sharmin; N. Kobayashi. Co-circulation of dengue virus type 3-genotype I and type 2-Cosmopolitan genotype in 2018 outbreak in Dhaka, Bangladesh. New Microbes and New Infections 2019, 33, 100629 .

AMA Style

F.U. Ahmad, S.K. Paul, M.S. Aung, R. Mazid, M. Alam, S. Ahmed, N. Haque, M.A. Hossain, R. Sharmin, N. Kobayashi. Co-circulation of dengue virus type 3-genotype I and type 2-Cosmopolitan genotype in 2018 outbreak in Dhaka, Bangladesh. New Microbes and New Infections. 2019; 33 ():100629.

Chicago/Turabian Style

F.U. Ahmad; S.K. Paul; M.S. Aung; R. Mazid; M. Alam; S. Ahmed; N. Haque; M.A. Hossain; R. Sharmin; N. Kobayashi. 2019. "Co-circulation of dengue virus type 3-genotype I and type 2-Cosmopolitan genotype in 2018 outbreak in Dhaka, Bangladesh." New Microbes and New Infections 33, no. : 100629.

Correspondence
Published: 26 November 2019 in New Microbes and New Infections
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Predominance of genotype G3P[8] rotavirus was revealed for children and adults with diarrhoea in north-central Bangladesh for a 1-year period from September 2018. The G3P[8] rotaviruses were phylogenetically close to recent Indian strains, having antigenic variation in VP7 and VP4 compared with old Bangladeshi strains.

ACS Style

R. Mazid; M.S. Aung; S.K. Paul; F.U. Ahmad; M. Alam; M.A. Ali; P. Nath; S. Ahmed; N. Haque; M.A. Hossain; N. Kobayashi. Resurgence and predominance of G3P[8] human rotaviruses in north-central Bangladesh, 2018–2019. New Microbes and New Infections 2019, 33, 100621 .

AMA Style

R. Mazid, M.S. Aung, S.K. Paul, F.U. Ahmad, M. Alam, M.A. Ali, P. Nath, S. Ahmed, N. Haque, M.A. Hossain, N. Kobayashi. Resurgence and predominance of G3P[8] human rotaviruses in north-central Bangladesh, 2018–2019. New Microbes and New Infections. 2019; 33 ():100621.

Chicago/Turabian Style

R. Mazid; M.S. Aung; S.K. Paul; F.U. Ahmad; M. Alam; M.A. Ali; P. Nath; S. Ahmed; N. Haque; M.A. Hossain; N. Kobayashi. 2019. "Resurgence and predominance of G3P[8] human rotaviruses in north-central Bangladesh, 2018–2019." New Microbes and New Infections 33, no. : 100621.

Journal article
Published: 16 October 2019 in Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
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Background Staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) elements are highly diverse and have been classified into 13 types. The arginine catabolic mobile element (ACME) is an SCC-like element harbouring an arginine deiminase pathway gene cluster (ACME-arc). ACME type I (ACME I), additionally including a spermidine/spermine-N1-acetyltransferase gene (speG), is considered to have contributed to the rapid spread of the most successful MRSA clone, USA300. Objectives To characterize the SCC composite islands (SCC-CIs) in ST5 MRSA positive for both ACME-arc and speG. Methods Three ST5 MRSA strains (SC640, SC792 and SC955) collected in Hokkaido, Japan were subjected to WGS and the SCC-CIs were determined. Results The SCC-CIs consisted of four (SC640 and SC792) or three (SC955) SCC/SCC-like elements and commonly harboured both an ACME type II′ and an SCC encoding speG. These SCC-CIs appear to mimic ACME I in USA300, in that they are equipped with ACME-arc and speG. The SCC-CIs of SC640 and SC792 contained novel SCCmec/SCCmec-like elements at the 3′ end, whereas SC955 contained SCCmec type V. The SCCmec of SC792 carried mec complex A and ccrC1, which was determined to be novel and designated as SCCmec type XIV (5A). SC640 harboured an SCCmec-like element derived from SCCmec type XIV. It lacked most of the downstream region of the mec complex, including the left chromosomal attachment site (SCCmec XIV Δkdp/DR-L), and lost its capability for chromosomal excision, suggesting that the mecA gene is immobilized on the chromosome. Conclusions These findings provide evidence for increasing complexity of SCC-CIs.

ACS Style

Noriko Urushibara; Meiji Soe Aung; Mitsuyo Kawaguchiya; Nobumichi Kobayashi. Novel staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) type XIV (5A) and a truncated SCCmec element in SCC composite islands carrying speG in ST5 MRSA in Japan. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 2019, 75, 46 -50.

AMA Style

Noriko Urushibara, Meiji Soe Aung, Mitsuyo Kawaguchiya, Nobumichi Kobayashi. Novel staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) type XIV (5A) and a truncated SCCmec element in SCC composite islands carrying speG in ST5 MRSA in Japan. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. 2019; 75 (1):46-50.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Noriko Urushibara; Meiji Soe Aung; Mitsuyo Kawaguchiya; Nobumichi Kobayashi. 2019. "Novel staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) type XIV (5A) and a truncated SCCmec element in SCC composite islands carrying speG in ST5 MRSA in Japan." Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 75, no. 1: 46-50.

Journal article
Published: 01 October 2019 in Microbial Drug Resistance
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Molecular epidemiological characteristics were investigated for 1,041 isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) collected in a tertiary care hospital in northern Japan for a 4-year period (2011–2014). Genotypes (staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec [SCCmec], sequence type, spa, coa, etc.) and the presence of drug resistance/virulence factor genes in the isolates were analyzed by multiplex/uniplex PCR, and PCR-direct sequencing as needed. Among these MRSA, predominant SCCmec type was IIa (87.2%), followed by IV (10.1%) and V (1.2%). The SCCmec IIa-MRSA belonged to coagulase genotype (coa) IIa and ST5/ST764, which are known as major health care-associated-MRSA (HA-MRSA) in Japan (New York/Japan clone) and its variant. Panton–Valentine leucocidine (PVL) genes were detected in only five isolates (0.5%) with genotypes ST8-SCCmec IVa/spa-t008/coa-IIIa (USA300 clone), ST6-SCCmec IVb, and ST59-SCCmec V (Taiwanese clone). Arginine catabolic mobile element (ACME) type I and II′ were identified in three and five isolates of ST8-SCCmec IVa and ST764-SCCmec IIa MRSA, respectively. PVL−/ACME− isolates were classified into various STs/clonal complexes (CCs), with CC1, CC5, CC8, CC89, and CC121 being common. It was notable that SCCmec IVl was the most common among SCCmec IV subtypes, and was carried by almost half of coa-IIIa isolates (47%, 34/72) without PVL genes, which represented the novel ST8 MRSA clone spreading in Japan (i.e., “ST8/CA-MRSA/J”). Uncommon MRSA clones in Japan, ST72-SCCmec IV (South Korean clone), ST398 livestock-associated clone, and ST20 bovine-associated MRSA, were identified. Furthermore, we isolated PVL-negative ST8-SCCmec I/coa-IIIa and ST81-SCCmec V/coa-VIIa MRSA, which were considered presumptive novel clones. The present study revealed the genetic diversity of HA-MRSA, including potentially emerging clones of putative different origins.

ACS Style

Meiji Soe Aung; Noriko Urushibara; Mitsuyo Kawaguchiya; Ayako Sumi; Masaaki Shinagawa; Satoshi Takahashi; Nobumichi Kobayashi. Clonal Diversity and Genetic Characteristics of Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureusIsolates from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Japan. Microbial Drug Resistance 2019, 25, 1164 -1175.

AMA Style

Meiji Soe Aung, Noriko Urushibara, Mitsuyo Kawaguchiya, Ayako Sumi, Masaaki Shinagawa, Satoshi Takahashi, Nobumichi Kobayashi. Clonal Diversity and Genetic Characteristics of Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureusIsolates from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Japan. Microbial Drug Resistance. 2019; 25 (8):1164-1175.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Meiji Soe Aung; Noriko Urushibara; Mitsuyo Kawaguchiya; Ayako Sumi; Masaaki Shinagawa; Satoshi Takahashi; Nobumichi Kobayashi. 2019. "Clonal Diversity and Genetic Characteristics of Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureusIsolates from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Japan." Microbial Drug Resistance 25, no. 8: 1164-1175.

Journal article
Published: 24 September 2019 in Microorganisms
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Staphylococcus argenteus, a novel emerging species within Staphylococcus aureus complex (SAC), has been increasingly reported worldwide. In this study, prevalence of S. argenteus among human clinical isolates, and their clonal diversity and genetic characteristics of virulence factors were investigated in Hokkaido, the northern main island of Japan. During a four-month period starting from March 2019, twenty-four S. argenteus and 4330 S. aureus isolates were recovered from clinical specimens (the ratio of S. argenteus to S. aureus :0.0055). Half of S. argenteus isolates (n = 12) belonged to MLST sequence type (ST) 2250 and its single-locus variant, with staphylocoagulase genotype (coa-) XId, while the remaining isolates were assigned to ST2198/coa-XIV (n = 6), and ST1223 with a novel coa-XV identified in this study (n = 6). All the isolates were mecA-negative, and susceptible to all the antimicrobials tested, except for an ST2198 isolate with blaZ and an ST2250 isolate with tet(L) showing resistance to ampicillin and tetracyclines, respectively. Common virulence factors in the S. argenteus isolates were staphylococcal enterotoxin (-like) genes sey, selz, sel26, and sel27 in ST2250, selx in ST2198, and enterotoxin gene cluster (egc-1: seg-sei-sem-sen-seo) in ST1223 isolates, in addition to hemolysin genes (hla, hlb, and hld) distributed universally. Elastin binding protein gene (ebpS) and MSCRAMM family adhesin SdrE gene (sdrE) detected in all the isolates showed high sequence identity among them (> 97%), while relatively lower identity to those of S. aureus (78–92%). Phylogenetically, ebpS, sdrE, selx, sey, selw, sel26, and sel27 of S. argenteus formed clusters distinct from those of S. aureus, unlike sec, selz, tst-1, and staphylokinase gene (sak). The present study revealed the prevalence of S. argenteus among clinical isolates, and presence of three distinct S. argenteus clones (ST2250; ST2198 and ST1223) harboring different virulence factors in northern Japan. ST2198 S. argenteus, a minor clone (strain BN75-like) that had been rarely reported, was first identified in Japan as human isolates.

ACS Style

Meiji Soe Aung; Noriko Urushibara; Mitsuyo Kawaguchiya; Ayako Sumi; Seika Takahashi; Miyo Ike; Masahiko Ito; Satoshi Habadera; Nobumichi Kobayashi; Aung; Sumi; Ike; Ito. Molecular Epidemiological Characterization of Staphylococcus argenteus Clinical Isolates in Japan: Identification of Three Clones (ST1223, ST2198, and ST2550) and a Novel Staphylocoagulase Genotype XV. Microorganisms 2019, 7, 389 .

AMA Style

Meiji Soe Aung, Noriko Urushibara, Mitsuyo Kawaguchiya, Ayako Sumi, Seika Takahashi, Miyo Ike, Masahiko Ito, Satoshi Habadera, Nobumichi Kobayashi, Aung, Sumi, Ike, Ito. Molecular Epidemiological Characterization of Staphylococcus argenteus Clinical Isolates in Japan: Identification of Three Clones (ST1223, ST2198, and ST2550) and a Novel Staphylocoagulase Genotype XV. Microorganisms. 2019; 7 (10):389.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Meiji Soe Aung; Noriko Urushibara; Mitsuyo Kawaguchiya; Ayako Sumi; Seika Takahashi; Miyo Ike; Masahiko Ito; Satoshi Habadera; Nobumichi Kobayashi; Aung; Sumi; Ike; Ito. 2019. "Molecular Epidemiological Characterization of Staphylococcus argenteus Clinical Isolates in Japan: Identification of Three Clones (ST1223, ST2198, and ST2550) and a Novel Staphylocoagulase Genotype XV." Microorganisms 7, no. 10: 389.

Journal article
Published: 24 September 2019 in Pathogens
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Pneumococcal proteins unrelated to serotypes are considered to be candidates of antigens in next-generation vaccines. In the present study, the prevalence of vaccine candidate protein genes, along with serotypes and antimicrobial resistance determinants, was investigated in a total of 57 isolates obtained from a tertiary care hospital in Japan. All of the pediatric isolates and 76.6% of the adult isolates did not belong to PCV13 (a 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine) serotypes, and 70.2% of all isolates showed multidrug resistance. All of the isolates had ply, pavA, nanA, and nanB, and high prevalence was noted for the pspA and pspC genes (96.5% and 78.9%, respectively). Detection rates for the pneumococcal histidine triad protein (Pht) genes phtA, phtB, phtD, and phtE were 49.1%, 26.3%, 61.4%, and 100%, respectively. Two fusion-type genes, phtA/B and phtA/D, were identified, with a prevalence of 36.9% and 14.0%, respectively. These fusion types showed 78.1–90.0% nucleotide sequence identity with phtA, phtB, and phtD. The most prevalent pht profile was phtA + phtD + phtE (26.3%), followed by phtA/B + phtE (19.3%) and phtA/B + phtD + phtE (17.5%), while pht profiles including phtD and/or phtA/phtD were found in 71.9% of isolates. The present study revealed the presence of two fusion types of Pht and their unexpectedly high prevalence. These fusion types, as well as PhtA and PhtB, contained sequences similar to the B cell epitopes that have been previously reported for PhtD.

ACS Style

Mitsuyo Kawaguchiya; Noriko Urushibara; Meiji Soe Aung; Masaaki Shinagawa; Satoshi Takahashi; Nobumichi Kobayashi; Aung. Prevalence of Various Vaccine Candidate Proteins in Clinical Isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae: Characterization of the Novel Pht Fusion Proteins PhtA/B and PhtA/D. Pathogens 2019, 8, 162 .

AMA Style

Mitsuyo Kawaguchiya, Noriko Urushibara, Meiji Soe Aung, Masaaki Shinagawa, Satoshi Takahashi, Nobumichi Kobayashi, Aung. Prevalence of Various Vaccine Candidate Proteins in Clinical Isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae: Characterization of the Novel Pht Fusion Proteins PhtA/B and PhtA/D. Pathogens. 2019; 8 (4):162.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mitsuyo Kawaguchiya; Noriko Urushibara; Meiji Soe Aung; Masaaki Shinagawa; Satoshi Takahashi; Nobumichi Kobayashi; Aung. 2019. "Prevalence of Various Vaccine Candidate Proteins in Clinical Isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae: Characterization of the Novel Pht Fusion Proteins PhtA/B and PhtA/D." Pathogens 8, no. 4: 162.

Journal article
Published: 27 August 2019 in New Microbes and New Infections
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Scrub typhus is a mite-borne rickettsial disease caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi, which is endemic in Asia Pacific region. In this study, infection rate and molecular epidemiologic traits of O. tsutsugamushi was investigated in Mymensingh, located in north-central Bangladesh. Among the blood samples from 453 febrile patients who visited Mymensingh medical college hospital in 2018, the 47 kDa protein gene of O. tsutsugamushi was detected in 78 samples (17.2%) by nested PCR. Phylogenetic analysis of the O. tsutsugamushi 56 kDa protein gene (18 samples) revealed a predominance of Karp-related genotype (89%), while the remaining belonged to Gilliam genotype. Samples of the Karp-related genotype mostly clustered with those of China, Taiwan, Thailand and India, etc., in emergent subgroups clades 2 and 4, which were distinct from clade 1, including prototype Karp strains. Among the 18 samples, three variable domains (VD) of 56 kDa type-specific antigen had different types of sequence diversity; VDI contained two or three repeats of eight amino acid units, while VDII and VDIII had amino acid substitution, deletion or insertion. The present study documented a potentially high prevalence of genetically diverse O. tsutsugamushi in north-central Bangladesh.

ACS Style

M.M. Al Amin; S.K. Paul; Meiji Soe Aung; A. Paul; M.A. Aziz; N.A. Khan; A.K.M.F. Haque; F. Ahamed; A. Melan; S.R. Sarker; M.A. Hossain; S. Ahmed; S.A. Nasreen; N. Haque; N. Kobayashi. Molecular characterization of Orientia tsutsugamushi causing scrub typhus among febrile patients in north-central Bangladesh. New Microbes and New Infections 2019, 32, 100595 .

AMA Style

M.M. Al Amin, S.K. Paul, Meiji Soe Aung, A. Paul, M.A. Aziz, N.A. Khan, A.K.M.F. Haque, F. Ahamed, A. Melan, S.R. Sarker, M.A. Hossain, S. Ahmed, S.A. Nasreen, N. Haque, N. Kobayashi. Molecular characterization of Orientia tsutsugamushi causing scrub typhus among febrile patients in north-central Bangladesh. New Microbes and New Infections. 2019; 32 ():100595.

Chicago/Turabian Style

M.M. Al Amin; S.K. Paul; Meiji Soe Aung; A. Paul; M.A. Aziz; N.A. Khan; A.K.M.F. Haque; F. Ahamed; A. Melan; S.R. Sarker; M.A. Hossain; S. Ahmed; S.A. Nasreen; N. Haque; N. Kobayashi. 2019. "Molecular characterization of Orientia tsutsugamushi causing scrub typhus among febrile patients in north-central Bangladesh." New Microbes and New Infections 32, no. : 100595.