Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death worldwide. Since the establishment of the “lipid hypothesis”, according to which, cholesterol level is directly correlated to the risk of CVD, many different lipid-lowering agents have been introduced in clinical practice. A majority of these drugs, in addition to their lipid-lowering properties, may also exhibit some anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities. This hypothesis was based on the observation that a decrease in lipid levels occurs along with a decrease in inflammation. Insufficient reduction in the inflammation during treatment with lipid-lowering drugs could be one of the explanations for treatment failure and recurrent CVD events. Thus, the aim of this narrative review was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory properties of currently available lipid-lowering medications including statins, ezetimibe, bile acid sequestrants (BAS), proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors, fibrates, omega-3 fatty acids, and niacin, as well as dietary supplements and novel drugs used in modern times.

(1) Background: In addition to its fatal outcomes, COVID-19 is associated with a spectrum of non-fatal complications that significantly influence clinical trajectories and quality of life. Cardiovascular complications, in particular, are of major clinical relevance and are recognized as key contributors to both short- and long-term morbidity and mortality. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the short-term and long-term effects of COVID-19 infection on patients with underlying cardiovascular diseases. (2) Methods: The prospective cohort study included a total of 99 consecutive subjects hospitalized due to moderate and severe forms of COVID-19 pneumonia in “Zvezdara”—University Medical Center in the period of 18 March–18 April 2021. (3) Results: During hospitalization, 47% of patients had some new cardiovascular events. A total of 10 patients died during hospital stay. The highest chance for the lethal outcome was seen in those with previously diagnosed coronary heart disease (B = 3.356, OR = 28.667 (95% CI 2.69–305.14), p = 0.005), heart failure (B = 3.056, OR = 21.250 (95% CI 3.36–134.56), p = 0.001) and increased potassium values (B = 2.639, OR = 14.000 (95% CI 2.65–73.88), p = 0.002). (4) Conclusions: Care strategies for patients who survived the acute episode of COVID-19 should include attention to cardiovascular disease. Our findings emphasize the need for continued optimization of strategies for primary prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infections as the best way to prevent long COVID and serious cardiovascular complications.