Osteoporosis is mainly a geriatric disease with a high incidence, and the resulting spinal fractures and hip fractures cause great harm to patients. Anti-osteoporosis drugs are the main treatment for osteoporosis currently, but these drugs have potential clinical limitations and side effects, so the development of new therapies is of great significance to patients with osteoporosis. Electrical stimulation therapy mainly includes pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF), direct current (DC), and capacitive coupling (CC). Meanwhile, electrical stimulation therapy is clinically convenient without side effects. In recent years, many researchers have explored the use of electrical stimulation therapy for osteoporosis. Based on this, the role of electrical stimulation therapy in osteoporosis was summarized. In the future, electrical stimulation might become a new treatment for osteoporosis.

Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) requires effective perioperative pain management. The Adductor Canal Block (ACB) is widely used, traditionally administered with conventional anesthetics (e.g., ropivacaine or bupivacaine) that provide limited analgesic duration. Liposomal bupivacaine (LB), with its sustained-release properties, is a promising alternative; however, its efficacy in ACB for TKA remains debated. This meta-analysis aimed to compare LB with conventional anesthetics in ACB for TKA. Following PRISMA guidelines, we systematically searched PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science up to December 15, 2024, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating adult patients undergoing TKA who received ACB with either LB or conventional anesthetics. A total of 4 high-quality RCTs (involving 343 patients) were included. Primary outcomes were postoperative pain scores [assessed via Visual Analog Scale (VAS) / Numerical Rating Scale (NRS)], opioid consumption, length of hospital stay (LOS), and adverse events. The quality of included RCTs was evaluated using the revised Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 (RoB2) tool, and meta-analysis was performed with RevMan 5.4.1 software. Compared with conventional anesthetics, LB resulted in statistically significant reductions in pain scores at postoperative day (POD) 0 (VAS/NRS decrease: 1.77 units; weighted mean difference [WMD] = -1.77; 95% CI: -2.41 to -1.13; P < 0.001) and POD 1 (0.81 units; WMD = -0.81; 95% CI: -1.30 to -0.32; P = 0.001), as well as opioid consumption at POD 0 (4.19 mg; WMD = -4.19; 95% CI: -6.76 to -1.63; P = 0.001) and POD 1 (8.22 mg; WMD = -8.22; 95% CI: -10.65 to -5.80; P < 0.001). These benefits were restricted to the short-term (POD 0-1); no significant differences were observed in pain scores, opioid use, LOS (WMD = 1.02; 95% CI: -0.46 to 2.50; P = 0.18), or adverse events (odds ratio [OR] = 0.73; 95% CI: 0.33 to 1.58; P = 0.42) beyond POD 1. LB in ACB for TKA provides statistically significant short-term (POD 0-1) pain relief and reduces opioid consumption compared with conventional anesthetics, with comparable LOS and adverse events. However, these findings should be interpreted cautiously due to the limited sample size (4 RCTs, 343 patients). Larger, well-designed RCTs are required to confirm its long-term clinical efficacy.

A gelatin-based hydrogel integrated with pH-responsive nanofibers is developed for wound healing. The hybrid dressing achieves pH-triggered drug release, extends release duration over 10-fold, and accelerates wound healing by 50% in a murine model.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a complex metabolic disorder frequently accompanied by cognitive dysfunction and affects nearly 30% of people with diabetes, is an independent risk factor for cognitive dysfunction. Exposure to high-altitudes (above 2500 meters above sea level) with hypobaric hypoxia can also lead to cognitive dysfunction. Which is also a risk factor for cognitive dysfunction. Therefore, the two risk factors of diabetes and high-altitude combined, the damage to cognitive dysfunction may be more serious, and may even develop into dementia. So, early diagnosis and discovery of cognitive function biomarkers of diabetes at high-altitude are of great significance for prevention and treatment. This study is to investigate the early specific metabolites biomarkers of diabetic cognitive dysfunction in high-altitude by using metabolomics technology. Total 400 subjects were divided into four groups, diabetics in high-altitude (H-T2DM), normal control in high-altitude (H-HC), diabetics in low-altitude (L-T2DM)，normal control in low-altitude (L-HC). Cognitive deficits were assessed in H-T2DM and L-T2DM using a cognitive function recognition test. The recognition test showed significant cognitive impairment in the H-T2DM. Serological results showed higher hemoglobin (HbA1c) values ​​in the H-T2DM. Four groups of serum samples were analyzed by ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q/TOF-MS) platform. The stability of the model was verified by principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). Metabolites with significant differences were screened out as potential biomarkers through the OPLS-DA model according to the importance of variables in the project (VIP ＞1) and the P value of the t-test (P＜0.05). Through multivariate statistical and integrated analysis, a total of 26 differentially expressed endogenous metabolites were identified (18 up-regulated and 8 down-regulated in H-T2DM). Through pathway topology analysis, we found that the pipecolic acid, lauric acid, guanosine and kaempferol could be accepted as early biomarkers of diabetic cognitive impairment in high-altitude. The prediction accuracy rate was as high as 92%. The identified biomarkers are mainly related to lysine degradation, fatty acid biosynthesis, purine metabolism and metabolic pathways. Through the verification of multi-center population, it was found that guanosine is the biomarker with the most potential to become an early biomarker. This study reveals for the first time reliable biomarkers for early diagnosis of diabetes at high-altitude. It may be provide new ideas and strategies for early diagnosis.