There is a lack of technology innovation studies in the maritime sector focusing on developing countries. Generally, these countries present various limitations due to their own social, economic, and political contexts. Moreover, the lack of leadership support, stakeholder involvement, training, resources, and financial and academic support affects successful implementation of technological innovation. The objective of this paper is to emphasize the implementation of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in the maritime sector and port companies of developing countries by investigating the impact of an ICT solution on port operations from berth to gate through yard operations. Our case study consists of the implementation of a Terminal Operating System (TOS) in the Port of Radès, the main port in Tunisia. An examination of the port operations before and after the implementation of the TOS is carried out. Then, the effects of TOS implementation on terminal operations are studied through a survey based on Key Performance Indicators (KPI) and submitted to managers of three port stakeholders. Key findings indicate that TOS allows an increase in the level of productivity from the quay crane to the gate, allowing decisions to be made based on real-time data and ensuring that the terminal is operating at its full potential. More specifically, berthing and delivery service times are improved thanks to the Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) and the streamlining of the gate and yard activities system. The results also indicate that reputation is progressively improving due to the ability to locate and monitor hazardous goods flowing through the port, and the ability to dispatch engine movement inside the port using the new terminal layout. However, in contrast with the port authority, the results highlight a lack of adaptability on the part of the stevedoring company, which requires time to progressively adapt to the new rules and constraints.

In the supply chains' context, the integration of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has the potential to significantly enhance operational performance. However, resistance to change remains a major barrier to successful ICT implementation. This study investigates how resistance manifests and affects the adoption process of an ICT solution within a large logistics organisation in Le Havre, France. A mixed-methods approach combining participant observation, semi-structured interviews and survey analysis is employed to identify behavioural, organisational and procedural obstacles. Findings reveal that inadequate communication, insufficient training and workforce turnover may critically undermine ICT project success. Moreover, a complementary and exploratory statistical analysis based on Partial Least Squares and robustness checks suggests that satisfaction, perceived added value and software familiarisation are the most influential factors affecting adoption success, while ease of use and comfort appear to be not significant. These findings indicate the importance of user engagement and expectations in the performance of ICT tools and provide insights for managing resistance and aligning technology initiatives with organisational capabilities.