Extraction of high quality genomic DNA from higher plants is hindered by the presence of secondary metabolites, which reduce the yield and quality of the DNA. We describe an alternative protocol for genomic DNA extraction from fresh and dry plant leaves that is amenable to PCR-based genetic analysis. Existing methods were either very lengthy, expensive or not suitable for extraction of genomic DNA from dry leaves. Our method used SDS and high salt concentrations to extract DNA and does not require use of hazardous materials or special laboratory equipment. Genomic DNA extracted using our method was used for PCR-based genetic characterization of different varieties of cashew trees, Anacardium occidentale, via SSR markers as well as Zea mays varieties. This protocol improves existing methods in that it has the advantage of being adaptable to studies with a large number of samples and limited resources. The method is rapid, cost efficient and uses non-hazardous reagents. Genomic DNA extracted using this method has sufficient quality for downstream PCR-based genetic analysis

Kola nut is chewed in many West African cultures and is used ceremonially. The aim of this study is to investigate some biological effects ofCola nitida’s bark after phytochemical screening. The bark was collected, dried, and then powdered for the phytochemical screening and extractions. Ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts ofC. nitidawere used in this study. The antibacterial activity was tested on ten reference strains and 28 meat isolatedStaphylococcusstrains by disc diffusion method. The antifungal activity of three fungal strains was determined on the Potato-Dextrose Agar medium mixed with the appropriate extract. The antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH and ABTS methods. Our data revealed the presence of various potent phytochemicals. For the reference and meat isolated strains, the inhibitory diameter zone was from17.5±0.7 mm (C. albicans) to9.5±0.7 mm (P. vulgaris). The MIC ranged from 0.312 mg/mL to 5.000 mg/mL and the MBC from 0.625 mg/mL to >20 mg/mL. The highest antifungal activity was observed withF. verticillioidesand the lowest one withP. citrinum. The two extracts have an excellent reducing free radical activity. The killing effect ofA. salinalarvae was perceptible at 1.04 mg/mL. The purified extracts ofCola nitida’s bark can be used to hold meat products and also like phytomedicine.