On the basis of the force and safety factor analysis of traditional retaining walls, a new analytical method of force and displacement of the slope is suggested, the numerical theoretical solution of the stress distribution of the sliding body can be obtained under the conditions, which the stresses distribution are satisfied with the differential equilibrium equations, the boundary conditions, the compatibility equation and the macroscopic equilibrium equations. The interface stresses between the sliding body and the retaining wall is continuous, and the theoretical solution of retaining wall stress distributions can be obtained, while the stress differential equilibrium equation, the compatibility equation, macroscopic force, and moment balance equations are satisfied. The strain and displacement solutions can be obtained by using Duncan Chang and Hooke constitutive equations for the slope and the retaining wall, respectively. The transfer station of landfill in the Guandukou Town of Badong County is taken as an example, the results of the sliding body and retaining wall analysis show: The stress and strain solutions of a slope and a retaining wall can be obtained by the proposed method. The anti-slip force of the retaining wall calculated by the method in this paper contains the positive pressure and shear force along the contact surface and varies with the deformation of the slope, in addition, the numerical theoretical solution of the retaining wall shows that the retaining wall shape and material can be optimized according to the calculation results. It is feasible for the proposed analysis method of slope with retaining wall design to be run many years.

The coupling of water level fluctuations and heavy rainfall in the Three Gorges reservoir area poses a significant threat to the stability of bank slopes, especially in landslide areas with complex geological conditions. In this study, the Huasushu slope in Fengjie County, Chongqing, was taken as the research object and, based on a field investigation and monitoring data, two- and three-dimensional numerical models were constructed to analyze the response mechanism of the slope under the combined effects of different reservoir water level decreases and rainfall. In addition, the safety coefficients under each working condition were calculated using the Morgenstern–Price method. The results show that it is difficult to trigger significant deformation with a single water level drop or rainfall. However, when the reservoir water level drops more than 10 m within a short period of time and is superimposed with strong rainfall, the landslide body is prone to plastic zone extension and significant displacement, showing typical strain localization characteristics. The three-dimensional model further reveals the spatial distribution characteristics of the landslide deformation area, which helps to accurately identify potential destabilization locations. The research results provide theoretical support for the construction of early warning systems for reservoir bank slopes and have reference value for the development of disaster mitigation engineering measures based on the coupling mechanism of rainwater and reservoir water.

The unconsolidated-undrained fast shear tests of saturated-unsaturated remolded soil samples under different moisture content (which is 1.1%, 10.1%, 14.9%, 19.9%, 24.2%, 29.9%, 37.7%, respectively) and normal stress (which is 50kPa, 100kPa, 200kPa, 300kPa, 400kPa, respectively) were studied by the modified SDJ-1-type strain direct shear apparatus and U.S. Lab VIEW data acquisition system. The shear strength parameters of unsaturated soil samples, i.e. general cohesion and general internal friction angle were obtained based on Mohr-Coulomb strength theory. The test results showed that the general cohesion firstly increased and then reduced with the moisture content increasing, and the general internal friction angle increased with the moisture content decreasing. The shear stress-shear displacement constitutive equation of the unsaturated soil was established based on equal displacement assumptions and the test results. The fitted results coincided with the experimental results very well. The concept of general shear strength parameters was proposed in the paper, and would provide a simple and practical method to obtain the strength parameters for engineering practice.

With the rapid development of china economy, the mining environment improvement is a hot research topic. The traditional unbalanced thrust method is generalized, the partial strength reduction method (PSRM), the perfect elasto-plastic model (PEPM) and the complete process constitutive model (CPCM) are employed; the progressive failure process of a slope is simulated by the proposed generalized slice method; the safety factor of the extended slice method is closely related to deformation of a slope, the characteristics of the critical stress state movement can also revealed by the proposed generalized slice method. Taking the Tieshansi slope of Huangshi City as an example, the evolution characteristics of the physical and mechanical variables in progressive failure process of the slope are revealed by the proposed generalized unbalanced thrust method with the two sorts numerical simulations (PSRM with PEPM and CPCM); the search results show that: The proposed generalized slice methods can describe the progressive failure process of the Tieshansi slope.

The physical significance of the traditional slice block method analysis of a slope is presented in this paper. The strength-softening characteristics of the geomaterial are characterized by the strength reduction coefficient of the post-failure zone of the stress–strain curve of the complete process. In the study, the transfer coefficient method (TCM) hypothesis was generalized, and the partial strength reduction method (PSRM) and perfect elastoplastic model (PEPM) were employed. The progressive failure process of a slope was simulated by the proposed generalized slice block method; a critical-stress-state determination method was proposed. The safety factor of the extended slice block method was found to be closely related to deformation of the slope, and the characteristics of the critical stress state movement were revealed by the proposed generalized sequential slice block method. The unbalanced thrust and driving sliding force gradually increase and the frictional resistance gradually decreases during deformation failure. When the last slice block is in the critical stress state, complete slope failure occurs. Taking the Tieshansi slope of Huangshi City as an example, the evolution characteristics of the physical and mechanical variables during progressive failure of the slope were revealed by the proposed generalized TCM using PSRM- and PEPM-based numerical simulations. The results show that the proposed method can describe the progressive failure process of the Tieshansi slope. The emphasis of this research is on extending the traditional strength reduction slice block method so that the results are closely related to the slope deformation.