Preeclampsia is a hypertensive disorder in pregnant women, which can be the leading cause of maternal and neonatal death or premature birth. Although the cause of preeclampsia is still not clear, local or systemic oxidative stress may explain the pathological features associated with this complication. However, it is not clear whether oxidative stress is the cause or the result of preeclampsia. For this purpose, the present meta-analysis was intended to evaluate the oxidant and antioxidant status in women with preeclampsia. Relevant studies were identified after a preliminary investigation of research articles published up to September 2017. In the overall analysis, including 2953 cases and 3621 controls, a statistically significant reduction in total antioxidant capacity, nitric oxide, superoxide dismutase, glutathione, vitamin E and C was observed in preeclampsia women. On the other hand, a statistically significant increase in malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl, total peroxide, glutathione peroxidase, catalase and uric acid were observed in preeclampsia women. The increased products of oxidative stress, which were found in the present meta-analysis might be an underlying mechanism for endothelial dysfunction in preeclampsia. This meta-analysis provides a scientific support that primary reduction of antioxidant capacity and increased levels of oxidative stress products may induce a condition in which the pathways responsible for blood pressure homeostasis are disrupted. In conclusion, it is hypothesized when oxidative stress is established, a protective response is induced by increasing some antioxidants. Further studies are warranted to investigate the role of dietary supplementation and genetic variation in women with different ethnicity.

The present study aimed to investigate the effect of catechin‐loaded Chitosan‐Alginate nanoparticles (NPs) on cognitive function in an aluminum chloride (AlCl₃)‐induced rat model of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The Catechin‐loaded Chitosan‐Alginate nanocarriers were synthesized through ionotropic gelation (IG) method. Physio‐chemical characterization was conducted with the Zetasizer Nano system, the scanning electron microscope, and the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The experiments were performed over 21 days on six groups of male Wistar rats. The control group, AlCl₃ treated group, Catechin group, nanocarrier group, treatment group 1 (AlCl₃ + Catechin), and treatment group 2 (AlCl₃ + nanocarrier). A behavioral study was done by the Morris water maze (MWM) test. In addition, the level of oxidative indices and acetylcholine esterase (AChE) activity was determined by standard procedures at the end of the study. AlCl₃ induced a significant increase in AChE activity, along with a significant decrease in the level of Catalase (CAT) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in the hippocampus. Moreover, the significant effect of AlCl₃ was observed on the behavioral parameters of the MWM test. Both forms of Catechin markedly improved AChE activity, oxidative biomarkers, spatial memory, and learning. The present study indicated that the administration of Catechin‐loaded Chitosan‐Alginate NPs is a beneficial therapeutic option against behavioral and chemical alteration of AD in male Wistar rats.

The purpose of the current study is to investigate the effect of aquatic Rosa damascena extract against the oxidative damage induced by aluminum chloride intoxication in Alzheimer’s model of Wister rats. Rats were divided randomly into seven groups (n = 10). Control group received no treatment, sham group received distilled water orally, aluminum group (AL) was administered AlCl₃ (100 mg/kg) orally, extract 1 and 2 groups were treated with only aqueous R. damascena extract (DRE) (500 and 1000 mg/kg), and treatment 1 and 2 groups received aqueous R. damascena extract (500 and 1000 mg/kg) and AlCl₃ (100 mg/kg) orally. The brain tissues were sampled for histopathological examination, and biochemical analysis was conducted for estimating the enzyme activities of acetylcholinesterase and catalase (CAT), the levels of GSH and MDA, and ferric reducing antioxidant power. According to the results of behavioral tests, AL administration showed a reduction in spatial memory and remarkably increased the time needed for reaching the invisible platform. The administration of Al‐induced oxidative stress and an increase of the enzyme activity of AChE. Al administration increased AChE level from 1.176 ± 0.173 to 3.62 ± 0.348, which was a significant rise. However, treating with the extract at the dose of 1000 mg/kg downregulated it to 1.56 ± 0.303. Administration of the R. damascene extract caused an increased level of catalase and glutathione levels in treatment groups, attenuated MDA level, and regulated AChE activity. Our results illustrate that administration of R. damascene extract has a protective effect against the oxidative damage induced by AlCl₃ intoxication in Alzheimer’s model.