National energy efficiency is a key driver for the sustainable development of society. However, the conditions for increasing energy efficiency vary widely around the world and depend on numerous controllable and uncontrollable factors. Existing indicators for assessing energy efficiency typically focus on individual factors, neglecting the complex interplay of socioeconomic, environmental, technological, and other factors that influence energy efficiency. This limitation hampers the quality of assessments. The goal of this study is to develop and apply a comprehensive methodological approach for assessing the influence of key factors on energy efficiency across different countries. The approach utilizes factor analysis methods to identify correlations between indicators and energy-efficiency factors. The study’s findings offer a model for assessing energy efficiency that enables a more profound and comprehensive analysis of the multifactorial impact experienced by national economies in various energy-efficiency domains and areas.

The effects of climate change, such as melting ice and permafrost in northern and Arctic regions, raise serious concerns about the risk of accidents at oil production, transportation, and storage facilities. This risk is compounded by the lack of comprehensive statistical data on accidental spills, which complicates the development of effective preventive measures. This study introduces an innovative approach to systematizing and analyzing official data on accidental oil and petroleum product spills in the Russian Arctic and Far North. Using association analysis and multivariate methods, the research explores relationships between the causes and objects of accidents. The findings indicate no distinct patterns in the distribution of spill incidents across the Russian Arctic and Far North compared to other regions. However, a notable correlation between the causes of spills and their locations was identified, which may inform the development of targeted preventive measures.