Background: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a prevalent and severe complication of diabetes that significantly impacts global health and quality of life. Most DKD is attributable to type 2 diabetes; therefore, chronic type 2 DKD warrants further examination.Objective: To deliver targeted assistance in alleviating the worldwide, regional, and national burden of chronic type 2 DKD, we executed a survey assessing the prevalence of chronic type 2 DKD utilizing the Global Burden of Disease, Injury, and Risk Factors (GBD) database.Methods: We examined the temporal trends of chronic type 2 DKD prevalence over the past 30 years using the 2021 GBD database, analyzed the trends by population, epidemiological change, and aging, and quantified cross‐country health inequalities. Additionally, we forecasted the trend during the subsequent two decades.Results: In 2021, there were over 107 million cases of chronic type 2 DKD globally, reflecting an 85.11% rise from 58 million cases in 1990. The age‐standardized rate (ASR) declined with an estimated annual percentage change of 0.17% per annum. Epidemiological change and population expansion are the primary factors influencing the alterations. The contributions of epidemiological change, population, and aging vary with alterations in the sociodemographic index (SDI). Significant health inequalities were observed across 204 countries and territories, with the slope index of inequality increasing over time. The forecast for the worldwide burden of chronic type 2 DKD from 2020 to 2040 suggests a significant rise in case numbers, while the alterations in ASR remain largely stable.Conclusions: These findings indicate the significant disease burden of chronic type 2 DKD, necessitating more targeted and effective interventions for its prevention and management.

Objectives Colon and rectum cancer, the third most common cancer globally, is a considerable health challenge worldwide. Despite the excellent insights offered by the global burden of disease (GBD) study, comprehensive assessments of colon and rectum cancer remain limited. This study utilises the most recent GBD dataset to examine the impacts of colon and rectum cancer, incorporating contemporary data alongside projections for 2036. Methods We analysed data from the 2021 GBD database, focusing on metrics pertaining to colon and rectum cancer: prevalence, incidence, mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) across 204 countries and territories, classified into 21 GBD regions and five sociodemographic index (SDI) regions. The data analysis encompassed computations of relative change, annual percentage change and estimated annual percentage change. This research also employed the Pearson algorithm to investigate the relationship between disease burden and SDI, conduct cross-country inequality analysis, perform age-period-cohort analysis and execute decomposition analysis. Finally, an autoregressive integrated moving average model was utilised to project trends over the next 15 years. Results From 1990 to 2021, the global prevalence of colon and rectum cancer increased significantly, from approximately 4.27 million to 11.68 million cases (age-standardised prevalence rate increased from ~108.25 to 134.84 per 100 000). Incident cases rose by 139.38% (age-standardised incidence rate increased by 6.52%). Mortality increased by 83.07% but with a significant decrease in age-standardised mortality rate (−20.33%), and DALYs increased by 69.49% with a corresponding decrease in age-standardised DALYs (−20.73%). Data on gender from 1990 to 2021 indicates that men experience a greater disease burden than women. A significant correlation exists between the illness burden of SDI and colon and rectum cancer, and the age-period-cohort model has provided further insights. Decomposition analysis reveals that population growth is the primary factor affecting the burden of colon and rectum cancer disease. The predictive study for the forthcoming 15 years indicates that while the mortality and DALYs for both genders will persist in their reduction, the prevalence and incidence rates for males will continue to increase, whereas those for women will remain relatively stable. Conclusions The burden of colon and rectum cancer has markedly escalated worldwide in the last 30 years. Essential methods to mitigate this trend encompass the reduction of modifiable risk factors, enhancement of early identification and treatment, and augmentation of early screening, particularly for high-risk male populations under 50 years of age. The rising incidence rate among youth underscores the necessity to enhance comprehension of developing risk factors and mechanisms, as well as to advance research on disease prevention and control techniques.

Background: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most prevalent upper limb compressive neuropathy. A considerable number of clinical trials and meta-analyses have provided evidence supporting the effectiveness of acupuncture in treating CTS. Nevertheless, the ideal choice of acupoints remains ambiguous. Objective: A data mining analysis was conducted with the objective of determining the most effective acupoint combinations and selection for CTS. Methods: A search was conducted across seven Chinese and English electronic bibliographic databases spanning from their inception to March 2023. Selected were clinical trials that evaluated the efficacy of acupuncture therapy for CTS, with or without randomised controlled methods. Data extraction mainly included acupoint prescriptions. Information such as first author, study design and study setting were also extracted. The principal outcomes comprised the clinical manifestations linked to CTS. Statistical descriptions were generated using Excel 2019. The analysis of association rules was conducted using SPSS Modeler 18.0. Using SPSS Statistics 26.0, exploratory factor analysis and cluster analysis were conducted. Results: 142 trials (including 86 RCTs and 56 non RCTs) were identified, and 193 groups of effective prescriptions involving 68 acupoints were extracted. The most frequently used acupoints were Da-ling (PC7), Nei-guan (PC6), He-gu (LI4), Wai-guan (TE5), and Yang-xi (LI5). The most frequently used meridians were the pericardial meridian and the large intestine meridian. The majority of special acupoints used were Five-shu points and Yuan-source points, with acupoints on the upper limbs being the most frequently used. The core acupoint groups were analyzed and 11 groups of association rules, 8 factors, and 5 effective cluster groups were obtained. Conclusion: The evidence-based acupoint selection and combinations of acupuncture therapy for carpal tunnel syndrome were provided by the findings of this study.

Background: Chronic pain (CP) as a long-lasting stressor can often cause mood disorders, such as depression or anxiety. The comorbidity of CP and mood disorders poses challenges for treatment and increases healthcare costs. Acupuncture has emerged as a widely utilized approach to alleviate both CP and mood disorders. However, there is a lack of well-established bibliometric analyses in this area of research. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the current hotspots and research trends regarding the use of acupuncture for treating CP-related depression or anxiety. Methods: We searched the Web of Science Core Collection spanning from 2003 to 2023 to identify relevant literature about the use of acupuncture for treating CP-related depression or anxiety. Bibliometric and visualization analyses were performed using CiteSpace 5.7.R5 and Vosviewer 1.6.19 software. Results: A total of 254 articles published between 2003 and 2023 were included, revealing an upward trajectory with some fluctuations in publication numbers over the past two decades. China and the Beijing University of Chinese Medicine were the most productive country and institution in this field. Fang JQ and Vickers AJ ascended as the most prolific and influential authors, respectively. Trials was the journal with the highest number of publications, while Pain and BMJ-British Medical Journal exhibited the highest citation and centrality, respectively. “Acupuncture”, “depression”, and “chronic pain” were the top three keywords. The hotspots in this domain encompass types of chronic pain that predispose to negative mood, including fibromyalgia, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and neuropathic pain. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), mechanisms, and evidence-based evaluations are the main research directions. Conclusion: This study uses bibliometric techniques to analyze the research hotspots and forefronts of acupuncture as a therapeutic approach for CP-related depression or anxiety. Our objective is to provide researchers with valuable references and identify research focal points for future investigations.

Background: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), as the most common compression neuropathy in the upper limb, can lead to upper limb dysfunction in patients. The effectiveness of acupuncture in treating CTS has been validated based on numerous clinical trials and meta-analyses, but questions remain, such as how to select the best acupoints. Our purpose is to conduct the first data mining analysis to identify the most effective acupoint selection and combinations for treating CTS. Methods: We will search 7 electronic bibliographic databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database and Chongqing VIP Database) from inception to March 2023. Clinical trials assessing the effectiveness of acupuncture therapy on the management of CTS will be selected. Reviews, protocols, animal trials, case reports, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses will be excluded. The primary outcome measure will be clinical result associated with CTS. Descriptive statistics will be performed in Excel 2019. Association rule analysis will be performed in SPSS Modeler 18.0. Exploratory factor analysis and cluster analysis will be performed in SPSS Statistics 26.0. Results: This study will investigate the most effective acupoint selection and combinations for patients with CTS. Conclusion: Our findings will provide evidence for the effectiveness and potential treatment prescriptions of acupoint application for patients with CTS, helping clinicians and patients make a more informed decision together.

Background: Abundant clinical investigations have attested to the efficacy of acupuncture in treating migraines. However, as each acupoint elicits distinct analgesic pathways and acupuncturists vary in their acupoint selection, there is currently an absence of evidence-based guidance for determining the optimal acupoint selection. Objective: The aim of this study was to conduct an initial comprehensive data mining analysis to identify the most effective acupoints and their combinations for migraine treatment. Methods: A comprehensive search was carried out in eight electronic bibliographic databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, and Chongqing VIP Database) from their inception up to May 2025. Studies evaluating the effectiveness of acupuncture in treating migraines were selected. The literature was rigorously evaluated according to predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, and relevant data were then extracted for analysis. Excel 2021 was used for descriptive statistical analysis. Association rule analysis was performed using SPSS Modeler 14.1. Exploratory factor analysis, cluster analysis, and decision tree analysis were conducted using SPSS Statistics 26.0. Results: A total of 911 trials were identified, from which 1610 groups of effective prescriptions involving 181 acupoints were extracted. The most commonly used acupoints were Feng-chi (GB20), Tai-yang (EX-HN5), Shuai-gu (GB8), Bai-hui (GV20), and He-gu (LI4). The gallbladder meridian was the most frequently utilized meridian. Specific points, mainly crossing points, were predominantly used, with head and neck acupoints being the most common. The combination of “Feng-chi (GB20), Tai-yang (EX-HN5), and Shuai-gu (GB8)” was frequently used as the core acupoints group. Additionally, several acupoint combinations were obtained through exploratory factor analysis, cluster analysis, and decision tree analysis. Conclusion: This research provides evidence-based support for the effectiveness of acupoint selection in migraine treatment and offers potential therapeutic recommendations, thereby facilitating collaborative decision-making between healthcare providers and patients.