This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between immune nutrition indices and disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The current study included a cross-sectional analysis of 90 age and gender-matched healthy controls and 116 RA patients who satisfied the 2010 American College of Rheumatology and European League Against Rheumatism categorization criteria. Patients were categorized into remission (disease activity score 28- erythrocyte sedimentation rate (DAS 28-ESR) <2.6) and active disease (DAS 28-ESR ≥2.6) groups. Systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII), controlling nutritional status (CONUT), and fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio (FAR) were higher in the RA group than in controls, whereas CRP-albumin-lymphocyte ratio (CALLY) and prognostic nutrition index (PNI) were considerably lower in RA (p < 0.001). The clinical and simplified disease activity index, DAS 28-ESR had negative correlation with PNI and CALLY (p < 0.001). PNI and CALLY were independently related markers of disease activity (p < 0.001) by regression analysis. According to receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the ideal cutoff values for the active disease are as follows: CONUT, 0.5; CALLY, 12.5, SII, 579.43, FAR, 90.43, and PNI, 40. CALLY was the most sensitive (84.06%) and specific marker (95.74%). CALLY and PNI may be useful prognostic markers for assessing disease activity in RA patients.

Background/Objectives: Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is an inflammatory rheumatic disease characterized by peripheral arthritis, enthesitis, spondylitis and psoriasis. The objective of this study was to examine the prevalence of central sensitization (CS) and its impact on the clinical and functional aspects of PsA. Methods: Adult patients with PsA according to the Classification of Psoriatic Arthritis (CASPAR) criteria were included in this cross-sectional observational study. The Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI) was used to assess the presence of CS. The study evaluated the impact of CS on individuals by analyzing many factors including demographic information, laboratory findings, clinical features, disease activity, quality of life, severity of sleeplessness, frequency of depression and anxiety. The patients were categorized into distinct groups based on the existence and intensity of CS, and a comparative analysis was conducted on their respective outcomes. Results: A total of 103 PsA patients with a mean age of 43.2 (SD: 6.7) years and including 42 (40.8%) males were included. The mean CSI score was 45.4 (SD: 15.1), and 67 (65.1%) patients had CS. The logistic regression analysis revealed that the variables Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI), General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) exhibit considerable predictive power in relation to the outcome variable CS (p < 0.05). PASI was observed as the most important variable in predicting CS (OR 9.70 95% CI: 1.52–62.21). Conclusions: CS has demonstrable efficacy in influencing laboratory, clinical, and functional markers among individuals with PsA. When assessing pain sensitivity in these patients, it is important to take into account the presence of CS.

Objectives: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease of unknown aetiology that can affect almost any organ in the body. Although there are no specific guidelines for the use of intravenous immunoglobulin (IG) in the treatment of patients with SLE, it is thought to be an effective treatment. Our study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of intravenous IG and to describe the possible profile of patients with SLE who are candidates for intravenous IG treatment.Methods: This study was designed to retrospectively analyse patients with SLE treated with 2 g/kg/month of intravenous IG (divided across 5 consecutive days). We collected demographic, clinical, laboratory and treatment data from the patient files. The side effects of the intravenous IG treatment, changes in the immunosuppressive therapy used and changes in the clinical and laboratory parameters after the intravenous IG treatment were evaluated.Results: This study included 31 patients with SLE. The main indication for intravenous IG treatment was haematological involvement (20, 64.5%) and thrombocytopenia in particular (8, 25.8%). Intravenous IG was initiated mainly for refractory disease. At the end of the treatment, the acute phase values, proteinuria, complement levels and anti-double-stranded DNA decreased significantly (p<0.001). In most cases, the side effects were mild and usually manifested as myalgia or a fever.Conclusion: Despite its high cost, intravenous IG has demonstrated effectiveness in treating refractory SLE, especially when there is haematological involvement. Specific clinical features at baseline may identify the patients who are more likely to respond to this therapy.

Aim: The aim of the study is to evaluate whether C-reactive protein to albumin ratio (CAR), lactate dehydrogenase to albumin ratio (LAR), ferritin to erythrocyte sedimentation rate ratio (FER), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), prognostic nutritional index (PNI) indices and ferritin level can predict organ involvement in adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD) patients. Methods: This study was planned as a cross-sectional study. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the usefulness of ferritin level and inflammatory indices in defining organ involvement. Results: Sixty-one patients diagnosed with AOSD were included in this study. Multivariate logistic regression analyzes showed that LAR (OR 1.028, 95% CI: 1.011-1.044) (p = 0.001) index predicted lymphadenopathy involvement, CAR (OR 1.249, 95% CI: 1.087-1.435) (p = 0.002) index predicted hepatomegaly involvement, ferritin level (OR 1.004, 95% CI: 1.001-1.008) (p = 0.007) predicted splenomegaly involvement, FER (OR 1.085, 95% CI: 1.012-1.164) (p = 0.021) and PNI (OR 0.271, 95% CI: 1.132-0.553) (p < 0.001) index predicted the occurrence of serositis. Conclusion: This study showed that ferritin level, CAR, FER, PNI and LAR markers may predict organ involvement at diagnosis in AOSD patients.

Interstitial lung disease (ILD) and alveolar haemorrhage (AH) have been described as possible pulmonary involvements associated with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV), mainly granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) and microscopic polyangiitis (MPA). To evaluate the clinical, laboratory and demographic features of ANCA positivity in AAV; in particular, we aimed to determine the criteria predicting ILD involvement and AH. This study was designed as a cross-sectional and retrospective study conducted in a single centre. The studies comprised 83 individuals in total who were routinely followed at a tertiary rheumatology clinic between June 2016 and February 2024. A total of 83 patients consisting of 56 GPA (67.4%), 22 MPA (26.5%) and 5 ANCA-negative (6.1%) cases were included in the study. When adjusted for age and sex in a multivariate regression model, the correlation of AH with C-ANCA was confirmed (OR 4.80; 95% CI 1.29–17.91) ( p = 0.020). The subsequent multivariate regression analysis reveals that the P-ANCA variable significantly predicts ILD (OR 4.28; 95% CI 1.25–14.65) ( p = 0.021) when adjusted for age and sex. AH was found to be higher in patients with GPA and in patients with C-ANCA positivity. It was shown that P-ANCA positivity predicted ILD involvement in AAV patients. The widespread ILD involvement observed in P-ANCA-positive patients confirmed usual interstitial pneumonia, but nonspecific interstitial pneumonia was also found to predominate in C-ANCA-positive and ANCA-negative cases.