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The purpose of this paper was to compare the relative efficiency of COVID-19 transmission mitigation among 23 selected countries, including 19 countries in the G20, two heavily infected countries (Iran and Spain), and two highly populous countries (Pakistan and Nigeria). The mitigation efficiency for each country was evaluated at each stage by using data envelopment analysis (DEA) tools and changes in mitigation efficiency were analyzed across stages. Pearson correlation tests were conducted between each change to examine the impact of efficiency ranks in the previous stage on subsequent stages. An indicator was developed to judge epidemic stability and was applied to practical cases involving lifting travel restrictions and restarting the economy in some countries. The results showed that Korea and Australia performed with the highest efficiency in preventing the diffusion of COVID-19 for the whole period covering 105 days since the first confirmed case, while the USA ranked at the bottom. China, Japan, Korea, and Australia were judged to have recovered from the attack of COVID-19 due to higher epidemic stability.
Emily Su; Cheng-Hsing Hsiao; Yi-Tui Chen; Shih-Heng Yu. An Examination of COVID-19 Mitigation Efficiency among 23 Countries. Healthcare 2021, 9, 755 .
AMA StyleEmily Su, Cheng-Hsing Hsiao, Yi-Tui Chen, Shih-Heng Yu. An Examination of COVID-19 Mitigation Efficiency among 23 Countries. Healthcare. 2021; 9 (6):755.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEmily Su; Cheng-Hsing Hsiao; Yi-Tui Chen; Shih-Heng Yu. 2021. "An Examination of COVID-19 Mitigation Efficiency among 23 Countries." Healthcare 9, no. 6: 755.
We greatly appreciate Idrovo’s comments on our research and wish to specifically respond to his comments. Idrovo indicates that rapid increases in the number of confirmed cases in the past few weeks were observed in Latin America, where some countries had implemented stringent lockdowns for more than three months since the second half of March 2020. In his comments, Idrovo expresses his suspicion on the reality of lockdowns implemented in Latin America and worries about the negative impacts of lockdowns on economies. We thank the Editor for providing us with the opportunity to respond to Idrovo’s comments and explain parts of our study.
Yi-Tui Chen; Yung-Feng Yen; Shih-Heng Yu; Emily Chia-Yu Su. A Flexible Lockdown by Integrating Public Health and Economic Reactivation to Response the Crisis of COVID-19: Responses to Comments by Alvaro J Idrovo on “An Examination on the Transmission of COVID-19 and the Effect of Response Strategies: A Comparative Analysis”. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 8068 .
AMA StyleYi-Tui Chen, Yung-Feng Yen, Shih-Heng Yu, Emily Chia-Yu Su. A Flexible Lockdown by Integrating Public Health and Economic Reactivation to Response the Crisis of COVID-19: Responses to Comments by Alvaro J Idrovo on “An Examination on the Transmission of COVID-19 and the Effect of Response Strategies: A Comparative Analysis”. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (21):8068.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYi-Tui Chen; Yung-Feng Yen; Shih-Heng Yu; Emily Chia-Yu Su. 2020. "A Flexible Lockdown by Integrating Public Health and Economic Reactivation to Response the Crisis of COVID-19: Responses to Comments by Alvaro J Idrovo on “An Examination on the Transmission of COVID-19 and the Effect of Response Strategies: A Comparative Analysis”." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 21: 8068.
The purpose of this paper is to compare the relative mitigation efficiency of COVID-19 transmission among 23 selected countries, including 19 countries in the G20, two heavily infected countries (Iran and Spain), and two highly populous countries (Pakistan and Nigeria). This paper evaluated the mitigation efficiency for each country at each stage by using data envelopment analysis (DEA) tools and analyzed changes in mitigation efficiency across stages. Pearson correlation tests were conducted between each change to examine the impact of efficiency ranks in the previous stage on subsequent stages. An indicator was developed to judge epidemic stability and was applied to practical cases involving lifting travel restrictions and restarting the economy in some countries. The results showed that Korea and Australia performed with the highest efficiency in preventing the diffusion of COVID-19 for the whole period covering 120 days since the first confirmed case, while the USA ranked at the bottom. China, Japan, Korea and Australia were judged to have recovered from the attack of COVID-19 due to higher epidemic stability.
Yi-Tui Chen; Shih-Heng Yu; Emily Chia-Yu Su. An examination of COVID-19 mitigation efficiency among 23 countries. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleYi-Tui Chen, Shih-Heng Yu, Emily Chia-Yu Su. An examination of COVID-19 mitigation efficiency among 23 countries. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYi-Tui Chen; Shih-Heng Yu; Emily Chia-Yu Su. 2020. "An examination of COVID-19 mitigation efficiency among 23 countries." , no. : 1.
The major purpose of this paper was to examine the transmission of COVID-19 and the associated factors that affect the transmission. A qualitative analysis was conducted by comparing the COVID-19 transmission of six countries: China, Korea, Japan, Italy, the USA, and Brazil. This paper attempted to examine the mitigation effectiveness for the transmission of COVID-19 and the pandemic severity. Time to reach the peak of daily new confirmed cases and the maximum drop rate were used to measure the mitigation effectiveness, while the proportion of confirmed cases to population and the mortality rate were employed to evaluate the pandemic severity. Based on the mitigation effectiveness, the pandemic severity, and the mortality rate, the six sample countries were categorized into four types: high mitigation effectiveness vs. low pandemic severity, middle mitigation effectiveness vs. low pandemic severity, high mitigation effectiveness vs. high pandemic severity, and low mitigation effectiveness vs. high pandemic severity. The results found that Korea and China had relatively higher mitigation effectiveness and lower pandemic severity, while the USA and Brazil had the opposite. This paper suggests that viral testing together with contacts tracing, strict implementation of lockdown, and public cooperation play important roles in achieving a reduction in COVID-19 transmission.
Yi-Tui Chen; Yung-Feng Yen; Shih-Heng Yu; Emily Chia-Yu Su. An Examination on the Transmission of COVID-19 and the Effect of Response Strategies: A Comparative Analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 5687 .
AMA StyleYi-Tui Chen, Yung-Feng Yen, Shih-Heng Yu, Emily Chia-Yu Su. An Examination on the Transmission of COVID-19 and the Effect of Response Strategies: A Comparative Analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (16):5687.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYi-Tui Chen; Yung-Feng Yen; Shih-Heng Yu; Emily Chia-Yu Su. 2020. "An Examination on the Transmission of COVID-19 and the Effect of Response Strategies: A Comparative Analysis." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 16: 5687.
Peer-to-peer (P2P) lending has suffered a major setback in China of late. Prior to this, practitioners and researchers generally under-estimated the operational risks of the industry and the constraints imposed by social conditions. This has not necessarily resulted in a complete failure of the model, but does it have a chance of making a comeback in China? This is not likely in the financial cycle we’re going through, because of the complicated factors involved. However, the experience offers an important cautionary tale for financial technology (fintech), and prompts thoughts about its future directions.
Yu Gao; Shih-Heng Yu; Ming Chen; Yih-Chearng Shiue. A 2020 perspective on “The performance of the P2P finance industry in China”. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications 2020, 40, 100940 .
AMA StyleYu Gao, Shih-Heng Yu, Ming Chen, Yih-Chearng Shiue. A 2020 perspective on “The performance of the P2P finance industry in China”. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications. 2020; 40 ():100940.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYu Gao; Shih-Heng Yu; Ming Chen; Yih-Chearng Shiue. 2020. "A 2020 perspective on “The performance of the P2P finance industry in China”." Electronic Commerce Research and Applications 40, no. : 100940.
Conventional data envelopment analysis (DEA) may generate the non-integer targets for integer-valued inputs and outputs of decision-making units (DMUs). To derive the convincing projections, integer-valued DEA has attracted much attention. Given the integrality restriction, Du et al. (Eur J Oper Res 218(1):186–192, 2012) proposed the super-efficiency approach consisting of additive integer-valued and additive super-efficiency integer-valued models for the differentiation of efficient DMUs, thereby raising the discriminatory power. This paper extends their approach to develop a simpler but stricter version, which we refer to as the unified additive super-efficiency model. The newly-developed model has three advantages. First, the slacks of input excess, input saving, output shortage and output surplus can be directly computed in a single program to obtain the efficiencies of inefficient DMUs and super-efficiencies of efficient DMUs. Secondly, it suggests the strongly Pareto-efficient projections for efficient DMUs. Finally, the identified super-efficiencies allow for the property of continuity. A comparison of the proposed model, with Du et al.’s (2012) and standard additive super-efficiency approaches is discussed using a numerical example. In addition, the applicability of the proposed model is illustrated by a data set covering 13 bus companies operating in the municipal bus system of Taichung. Our work not only provides managerial insights into the primary sources of inefficiency and super-efficiency but also contributes to the current understanding of how super-efficiency would be effectively and accurately measured in the presence of integer-valued data.
Shih-Heng Yu; Chia-Wei Hsu. A unified extension of super-efficiency in additive data envelopment analysis with integer-valued inputs and outputs: an application to a municipal bus system. Annals of Operations Research 2019, 287, 515 -535.
AMA StyleShih-Heng Yu, Chia-Wei Hsu. A unified extension of super-efficiency in additive data envelopment analysis with integer-valued inputs and outputs: an application to a municipal bus system. Annals of Operations Research. 2019; 287 (1):515-535.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShih-Heng Yu; Chia-Wei Hsu. 2019. "A unified extension of super-efficiency in additive data envelopment analysis with integer-valued inputs and outputs: an application to a municipal bus system." Annals of Operations Research 287, no. 1: 515-535.
Sustainable development (SD) governance for a better society has received considerable attention. The development of a robust benchmarking and performance evaluation approach is a matter of growing concern to accelerate the progress in achieving SD. In this study, a minimum distance-based additive data envelopment analysis model with window analysis is proposed to attain the closest benchmarking target in the presence of undesirable outputs. This novel extension not only focuses on the construction of a composite indicator to shed light on the efficiency of each decision-making unit but also provides convincing and realizable suggestions for improving efficiency. This study benchmarks the SD efficiency across 19 administrative regions of Taiwan covering the period from 2011 to 2016. The empirical results reveal that the average SD efficiency of Taiwan has experienced a gradual deterioration over the last 3 years, and the primary sources of regional SD inefficiency may vary with industrial structure. Potential directions of improvement for reinforcing sustainable practices in Taiwan are also discussed. The findings can provide local governments with holistic insights into the sources that degrade SD performance and further contribute to improving SD solutions by recommending appropriate policies to achieve a more sustainable society.
Shih-Heng Yu. Benchmarking and Performance Evaluation Towards the Sustainable Development of Regions in Taiwan: A Minimum Distance-Based Measure with Undesirable Outputs in Additive DEA. Social Indicators Research 2019, 144, 1323 -1348.
AMA StyleShih-Heng Yu. Benchmarking and Performance Evaluation Towards the Sustainable Development of Regions in Taiwan: A Minimum Distance-Based Measure with Undesirable Outputs in Additive DEA. Social Indicators Research. 2019; 144 (3):1323-1348.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShih-Heng Yu. 2019. "Benchmarking and Performance Evaluation Towards the Sustainable Development of Regions in Taiwan: A Minimum Distance-Based Measure with Undesirable Outputs in Additive DEA." Social Indicators Research 144, no. 3: 1323-1348.
In recent decades, many researchers have focused on the issue of medical failures in the healthcare industry. A variety of techniques have been employed to assess the risk of medical failure and to generate strategies to reduce the frequency of medical failures. Considering the limitations of the traditional method—failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA)—for risk assessment and quality improvement, this paper presents two models developed using data envelopment analysis (DEA). One is called the slacks-based measure DEA (SBM-DEA) model, and the other is a novel data-driven approach (NDA) that combines FMEA and DEA. The relative advantages of the three models are compared. In this paper, an infant security case consisting of 16 failure modes at Western Wake Medical Center in Raleigh, North Carolina, U.S., was employed. The results indicate that both SBM-DEA and NDA may improve the discrimination and accuracy of detection compared to the traditional method of FMEA. However, NDA was found to have a relative advantage over SBM-DEA due to its risk assessment capability and precise detection of medical failures.
Shih-Heng Yu; Emily Chia-Yu Su; Yi-Tui Chen. Data-Driven Approach to Improving the Risk Assessment Process of Medical Failures. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2018, 15, 2069 .
AMA StyleShih-Heng Yu, Emily Chia-Yu Su, Yi-Tui Chen. Data-Driven Approach to Improving the Risk Assessment Process of Medical Failures. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2018; 15 (10):2069.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShih-Heng Yu; Emily Chia-Yu Su; Yi-Tui Chen. 2018. "Data-Driven Approach to Improving the Risk Assessment Process of Medical Failures." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 10: 2069.
Online peer-to-peer (P2P) lending occurs at the intersection of the sharing economy and e-commerce, and has developed into an immense finance industry in China. This study evaluates the business performance of the P2P finance industry and is the first to examine P2P lending activities from an efficiency perspective. We apply an improved version of the modified slacks-based measure that accommodates non-controllable inputs, undesirable inputs, and outputs under a two-dimensional growth and operating efficiency paradigm. The results confirm the presence of contradictions between two types of efficiency in P2P platforms. They also show that listed companies, platforms with venture capital investment, and platforms funded by state-owned capital exhibit higher growth efficiency, while platforms with financial group involvement and diversified ownership show increased operating efficiency. Further, management incentives and the relative economic level of the platform location have no significant impact on efficiency.
Yu Gao; Shih-Heng Yu; Yih-Chearng Shiue. The performance of the P2P finance industry in China. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications 2018, 30, 138 -148.
AMA StyleYu Gao, Shih-Heng Yu, Yih-Chearng Shiue. The performance of the P2P finance industry in China. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications. 2018; 30 ():138-148.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYu Gao; Shih-Heng Yu; Yih-Chearng Shiue. 2018. "The performance of the P2P finance industry in China." Electronic Commerce Research and Applications 30, no. : 138-148.
The purpose of this paper is to compare the recycling performance for some waste fractions selected including food waste, bulk waste, paper, metal products, plastics/rubber and glass products and then to develop some directions for the future improvements. The priority of each waste fraction for recycling is also analyzed by using an importance-performance analysis. Traditionally, the recycling rate that is calculated by the ratio of waste recycled to waste collected is used as an indicator to measure recycling performance. Due to a large variation among waste fractions in municipal solid waste (MSW), the recycling rate cannot reflect the actual recycling performance. The ceiling of recycling rate for each waste fraction estimated from the diffusion models is incorporated into a model to calculate recycling performance. The results show that (1) the diffusion effect exists significantly for the recycling of most recyclables but no evidence is found to support the diffusion effect for the recycling of food waste and bulk waste; (2) the recycling performance of waste metal products ranks the top, compared to waste paper, waste glass and other waste fractions; (3) furthermore, an importance-performance analysis (IPA) is employed to analyze the priority of recycling programs and thus this paper suggests that the recycling of food waste should be seen as the most priority item to recycle.
Yi-Tui Chen; Fu-Chiang Yang; Shih-Heng Yu. The Diffusion Effect of MSW Recycling. Sustainability 2017, 10, 40 .
AMA StyleYi-Tui Chen, Fu-Chiang Yang, Shih-Heng Yu. The Diffusion Effect of MSW Recycling. Sustainability. 2017; 10 (2):40.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYi-Tui Chen; Fu-Chiang Yang; Shih-Heng Yu. 2017. "The Diffusion Effect of MSW Recycling." Sustainability 10, no. 2: 40.
Sustainability consists of economic, environmental, and societal aspects. Concomitant with China’s rapid growth, the evaluation of China’s ability for sustainable development (SD) has become a topic of interest. Unlike previous studies that are based on provincial regions and focus on economic and/or environmental evaluations, we have evaluated the comprehensive SD ability of 34 major cities in China using the context-dependent data envelopment analysis (CD-DEA) and proposed benchmark-learning pathways. The results indicate that the SD ability of China’s major cities may be classified and ordered from low tiers to high tiers: high energy consumption and polluting industries—intensive industries—fixed asset investments and service industries—innovation, quality of life and societal services industries. As a whole, cities along the coast have a higher ability for SD than inland cities, and southern cities also rate higher than northern cities. Cities that are prioritized by government policies and funding also have higher SD abilities than other cities. We recommend that cities with lower abilities (i.e., cities in the second, third, and fourth tiers) should adopt the following points in their developmental pathways (in this order): the control of energy consumption and environmental pollution, industry upgrading and redevelopment of the city, and the development of an environment that encourages innovation and provides ample employment. This study finds that GDP is no longer an issue that restricts the SD ability of China’s major cities, as compared to other factors. As China progresses towards the sustainable cities, focus should be placed on the development of a knowledge-intensive economy, balanced development, and pollution prevention.
Shih-Heng Yu; Yu Gao; Yih-Chearng Shiue. A Comprehensive Evaluation of Sustainable Development Ability and Pathway for Major Cities in China. Sustainability 2017, 9, 1483 .
AMA StyleShih-Heng Yu, Yu Gao, Yih-Chearng Shiue. A Comprehensive Evaluation of Sustainable Development Ability and Pathway for Major Cities in China. Sustainability. 2017; 9 (8):1483.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShih-Heng Yu; Yu Gao; Yih-Chearng Shiue. 2017. "A Comprehensive Evaluation of Sustainable Development Ability and Pathway for Major Cities in China." Sustainability 9, no. 8: 1483.