In this paper, ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate was the first time successfully utilized as single solvent in preparing the PVDF membrane with a good performance by N-TIPs method. The effects of quenching temperature and hydrophilic additive content on the morphology, permeability, and strength of the membranes were studied. All the prepared PVDF membranes were proved to be a pure β phase by FTIR and XRD, possessing a narrow pore size distribution. By adjusting quenching temperature and additive content, membranes with a flux of 383.2 L/m² h and concentrated pore diameter of 26 nm obtained.

Aniline is a highly toxic organic pollutant with “carcinogenic, teratogenic and mutagenesis” characteristics. In the present paper, a membrane distillation and crystallization (MDCr) process was proposed to achieve zero liquid discharge (ZLD) of aniline wastewater. Hydrophobic polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes were used in the membrane distillation (MD) process. The effects of the feed solution temperature and flow rate on the MD performance were investigated. The results showed that the flux of the MD process was up to 20 L·m⁻²·h⁻¹ and the salt rejection was above 99% under the feeding condition of 60 °C and 500 mL/min. The effect of Fenton oxidation pretreatment on the removal rate of aniline in aniline wastewater was also investigated, and the possibility of realizing the ZLD of aniline wastewater in the MDCr process was verified.