Phospholipids are major components of cell membranes with complex structures, high heterogeneity and critical biological functions and have been used since ancient times to treat cardiovascular disease. Their importance and role were shadowed by the difficulty or incomplete available research methodology to study their biological presence and functionality. This review focuses on the current knowledge about the roles of phospholipids in the pathophysiology and therapy of cardiovascular diseases, which have been increasingly recognized. Used in singular formulation or in inclusive combinations with current drugs, phospholipids proved their positive and valuable effects not only in the protection of myocardial tissue, inflammation and fibrosis but also in angiogenesis, coagulation or cardiac regeneration more frequently in animal models as well as in human pathology. Thus, while mainly neglected by the scientific community, phospholipids present negligible side effects and could represent an ideal target for future therapeutic strategies in healing myocardial infarction. Acknowledging and understanding their mechanisms of action could offer a new perspective into novel therapeutic strategies for patients suffering an acute myocardial infarction, reducing the burden and improving the general social and economic outcome.

Fertility-sparing treatments (FSTs) have gained importance for young female cancer patients, especially those with early-stage cervical, ovarian, and endometrial cancers. However, concerns about the long-term safety of these procedures, particularly in more advanced cancers, persist. A literature review was conducted using databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. The search terms included “fertility preservation” and “gynaecological cancer”. Articles published between 2014 and 2024 were considered, with 39 articles cited in the paper. The inclusion criteria were female patients undergoing FST. Studies were excluded if prior treatments impacted fertility or if oncological outcomes were inadequately reported. Radical trachelectomy, laparoscopic fertility-sparing surgeries, and cryopreservation techniques, such as ovarian tissue vitrification and oocyte cryopreservation, offer viable options for preserving fertility in early-stage gynecological cancer patients. Radical trachelectomy and cryopreservation showed positive reproductive outcomes, with pregnancy rates of 30–50% in early-stage cases. GnRH analogs during chemotherapy also demonstrated benefits in maintaining fertility. Despite these advances, recurrence in more advanced stages (FIGO IA2 and beyond) remains a concern. Minimally invasive surgeries like robotic-assisted procedures demonstrated comparable fertility outcomes to traditional methods but with fewer complications. FST is a promising option for women with early-stage cancer, offering favorable reproductive and survival outcomes. However, further research is needed to confirm long-term oncological safety in advanced stages. Multidisciplinary approaches and individualized treatment planning are essential for optimizing outcomes.

Access to neurological care remains profoundly unequal worldwide, driven by the increasing burden of chronic and neurodegenerative disorders and a persistent shortage of specialist neurologists. Tele-neurology has emerged as a promising strategy to improve access to neurological expertise, while recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) have expanded its capabilities beyond remote consultation toward data-driven diagnosis, monitoring, and clinical decision support. This narrative review critically synthesizes current evidence on the evolution of tele-neurology and the emerging role of AI across multiple domains of neurological care. The review examines AI-enhanced diagnostic applications, including neuroimaging, electroencephalography, and digital biomarkers, as well as AI-assisted remote monitoring, patient engagement, and predictive analytics in disorders such as stroke, epilepsy, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, dementia, headache disorders, and neuromuscular diseases. Available evidence suggests that tele-neurology can achieve clinical outcomes comparable to in-person care in selected settings while improving accessibility, continuity of care, and patient satisfaction. AI applications have shown promising early results in image interpretation, automated EEG analysis, remote disease monitoring, and individualized risk prediction. Despite these advances, important challenges remain. Limitations include constraints in remote neurological examination, evidence gaps regarding clinical validation, unequal access to digital infrastructure, data governance and cybersecurity concerns, fragmented regulatory frameworks, and difficulties integrating AI into routine clinical workflows. Furthermore, the clinical maturity of AI applications varies substantially, with many systems remaining at the proof-of-concept or early validation stage. To make this variation explicit, we introduce a transparent, criteria-based three-tier classification of the clinical practicability of AI applications, graded by strength of evidence, degree of validation, and real-world integration. Tele-neurology is increasingly evolving toward hybrid models that combine in-person neurological assessment with digitally enabled longitudinal monitoring and AI-supported decision tools. Future progress will depend on rigorous clinical validation, equitable implementation strategies, integration into healthcare systems, and the development of multimodal AI approaches that combine clinical, imaging, electrophysiological, and digital biomarker data to support personalized neurological care.