Oriental Journal of Chemistry is a peer reviewed quarterly research journal of pure and applied chemistry. It publishes standard research papers in almost all thrust areas of current chemistry of academic and commercial importance. It provides a platform for rapid publication of quality research papers, reviews and chemistry letters. Oriental Journal of Chemistry is abstracted and indexed in almost all reputed National and International agencies.

Dopamine concentration abnormalities in the body can cause various disorders and diseases such as Parkinson's, Tourette's syndrome, and depression. In this study, graphene oxide (GO) was combined with Fe₃O₄ to sensitively and selectively detect dopamine. The performance was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) methods. The results of testing with CV on the solution [Fe(CN)₆] showed that a modification with GO gave a maximum effective surface area value of 0.0127 cm², proving that GO can increase the effective area and conductivity of the sensor. DPV testing shows that dopamine detection using GO/Fe₃O₄ has a linear range at a concentration of 1–10 μM with a detection limit of 0.48 μM and a quantification limit of 1.6 μM. GO/Fe₃O₄ also shows good selectivity where the peak current is separated by 0.245 V with ascorbic acid, which is the closest interference compound. Graphical Abstract

Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods have attracted considerable attention in recent years owing to their piezoelectric properties and potential applications in energy harvesting, sensing, and nanogenerators. Piezoelectric energy harvesting-based nanogenerators have emerged as promising new devices capable of converting mechanical energy into electric energy via nanoscale characterizations such as piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM). This technique was used to study the piezoresponse generated when an electric field was applied to the nanorods using a PFM probe. However, this work focuses on intensive studies that have been reported on the synthesis of ZnO nanostructures with controlled morphologies and their subsequent influence on piezoelectric nanogenerators. It is important to note that the diatomic nature of zinc oxide as a potential solid semiconductor and its electromechanical influence are the two main phenomena that drive the mechanism of any piezoelectric device. The results of our findings confirm that the performance of piezoelectric devices can be significantly improved by controlling the morphology and initial growth conditions of ZnO nanorods, particularly in terms of the magnitude of the piezoelectric coefficient factor (d33). Moreover, from this review, a proposed facile synthesis of ZnO nanorods, suitably produced to improve coupling and switchable polarization in piezoelectric devices, has been reported.

This study concentrated on the effect of the ZnO seed layer on the growth of ZnO nanowires by the chemical bath deposition method. Multilayer coatings were used to control the thickness of the seed layer of one layer, three layers, and five layers. The seed layer thickness was measured using a profilometer at 14.43, 33.31, and 53.13 nm for one-layer, three-layer, and five-layer samples, respectively. The samples were then immersed in a chemical bath deposition solution at 90 °C for 3 h to allow ZnO nanowires to grow. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of seed layers revealed a polycrystalline wurtzite structure with (101) orientation as the dominant peak in all samples. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) revealed that ZnO nanowires grown in a single layer have a flower-like structure, whereas ZnO nanowires grown in three and five layers have a rod-like structure. Further, ImageJ software revealed that the diameter and length of the ZnO nanowires were in the 40–90 nm and 100–900 nm ranges, respectively. The five-layer sample had the highest density of ZnO nanowires at 668 µm⁻², followed by the three-layer sample and the one-layer sample. However, the ZnO nanowires in the five-layer and one-layer samples are not vertically aligned. On the other hand, the three-layer sample had the best vertical alignment of this group of samples.