Objective—To evaluate adverse effects of long-term oral administration of carprofen, etodolac, flunixin meglumine, ketoprofen, and meloxicam in dogs. Animals—36 adult dogs. Procedures—Values for CBC, urinalysis, serum biochemical urinalyses, and occult blood in feces were investigated before and 7, 30, 60, and 90 days after daily oral administration (n = 6 dogs/group) of lactose (1 mg/kg, control treatment), etodolac (15 mg/kg), meloxicam (0.1 mg/kg), carprofen (4 mg/kg), and ketoprofen (2 mg/kg for 4 days, followed by 1 mg/kg daily thereafter) or flunixin (1 mg/kg for 3 days, with 4-day intervals). Gastroscopy was performed before and after the end of treatment. Results—For serum γ-glutamyltransferase activity, values were significantly increased at day 30 in dogs treated with lactose, etodolac, and meloxicam within groups. Bleeding time was significantly increased in dogs treated with carprofen at 30 and 90 days, compared with baseline. At 7 days, bleeding time was significantly longer in dogs treated with meloxicam, ketoprofen, and flunixin, compared with control dogs. Clotting time increased significantly in all groups except those treated with etodolac. At day 90, clotting time was significantly shorter in flunixin-treated dogs, compared with lactose-treated dogs. Gastric lesions were detected in all dogs treated with etodolac, ketoprofen, and flunixin, and 1 of 6 treated with carprofen. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Carprofen induced the lowest frequency of gastrointestinal adverse effects, followed by meloxicam. Monitoring for adverse effects should be considered when nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are used to treat dogs with chronic pain.

There are few studies reporting pain and postoperative analgesia associated with mastectomy in dogs. The aim of this study was to evaluate postoperative pain after unilateral mastectomy using two different surgical techniques in the dog.

Due to numerous complications associated to gastrointestinal augmented cystoplasty, this study aimed to analyze the anatomic repair of the bladder of 10 female dogs using grafts of porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) seeded with cultured homologous smooth muscle cells, and compare them with the acellular SIS grafts.

Summary Objective: this study aimed to evaluate the LINE-1 transposon inserted in c-myc gene as a specific genetic alteration in cells of spontaneous canine Transmissible Venereal Tumor (TVT) with either lymphocytoid or plasmacytoid phenotypes. Methods: tumoral biopsies from 35 dogs were collected by puncture or exfoliation. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was carried out with primers myc.s and LINE. A, specific to the LINE-1 segment to detect the presence of LINE-1/c-myc molecular marker. Results: sequence alignment of DNA samples from lymphocytoid and plasmacytoid TVT cells did not show polymorphisms, and the comparison with sequences from the GenBank identified them as a LINE-1/c-myc rearrangement. Conclusions: considering the aggressive nature of the plasmacytoid phenotype, there is no apparent relation between LINE-1/c-myc and the malignancy of TVT. Further studies are needed to establish molecular differences associated with the aggressiveness of the various phenotypes of canine TVT. Key words: dogs, oncogenes, Polymerase Chain Reaction, transposition elements. Resumen Objetivo: evaluar la expresión del trasposón LINE-1 insertado en el oncogén c-myc como una alteración genética específica en células de Tumor Venéreo Transmisible canino espontáneo con fenotipos linfocitoideos o plasmocitoideos. Métodos: se tomaron muestras citológicas de 35 caninos naturalmente afectados por Tumor Venéreo Transmisible (TVT), separándolas en dos grupos de acuerdo al fenotipo predominante. La identificación del marcador molecular LINE-1/c-myc fue posible mediante la técnica de Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa (PCR) usando los primers myc.s y LINE. A, específicos para el segmento LINE-1. Resultados: el resultado del alineamiento de las secuencias obtenidas a partir del DNA de cada uno de los fenotipos de TVT no presentó variación entre ellos y al compararlas con el alineamiento de otras secuencias depositadas en el GenBank, pudo observarse que se trata de un reordenamiento LINE-1/c-myc. Conclusiones: teniendo en cuenta la naturaleza agresiva del fenotipo plasmocitoide, se estableció que no hay polimorfismo genético entre los grupos analizados, siendo necesario realizar nuevos estudios tendientes a establecer diferencias moleculares asociadas con la agresividad de los diferentes fenotipos del TVT canino. Palabras clave: oncogenes, perros, Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa, transposición genética. Resumo Objetivo: foi avaliado o elemento de transposição LINE-1 inserido no gene c-myc como alteração genética específica nas células do TVT espontâneo canino nos grupos fenotípicos previamente classificados como linfocitóide e plasmocitóide. Métodos: amostras da lesão de 35 cães foram colhidas por punção ou esfoliação. Para identificar o marcador molecular LINE-1/c-myc nas amostras foi utilizada a técnica de Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase empregando-se os primers myc.s e LINE. A, específicos para o segmento LINE-1. Resultados: o resultado do alinhamento das sequências obtidas das amostras de DNA das células de TVT linfocitóide e plasmocitóide não apresentou polimorfismos e, por meio do alinhamento com outras sequências depositadas no GeneBank, identificou-se que trata-se do rearranjo LINE-1/c-myc. Conclusões: parece não haver relação entre este aspecto molecular analisado com a agressividade do tumor. Palavras chave: cão, elementos de transposição, oncogene, Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase.