Pterostilbene (PTS), a naturally occurring analog of resveratrol (RSV), has garnered significant attention due to its potential therapeutic effects in treating inflammatory and oncological diseases. This comprehensive review elucidates the pharmacological properties, mechanisms of action, and therapeutic potential of PTS. Various studies indicate that PTS exhibits anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antitumour properties, potentially making it a promising candidate for clinical applications. Its influence on regulatory pathways like NF-κB and PI3K/Akt underscores its diverse strategies in addressing diseases. Additionally, PTS showcases a favorable pharmacokinetic profile with better oral bioavailability compared to other stilbenoids, thus enhancing its therapeutic potential. Given these findings, there is an increased interest in incorporating PTS into treatment regimens for inflammatory and cancer-related conditions. However, more extensive clinical trials are imperative to establish its safety and efficacy in diverse patient populations.

Background: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is still the most prevalent type of respiratory cancer. Intermittent hypoxia can increase the mortality and morbidity associated with lung cancer. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are crucial in lung adenocarcinoma. However, the effects of intermittent hypoxia-related long non-coding RNAs (IHRLs) on lung adenocarcinoma are still unknown. Method: In the current research, eight IHRLs were selected to create a prognostic model. The risk score of the prognostic model was evaluated using multivariate and univariate analyses, and its accuracy and reliability were validated using a nomogram and ROC. Additionally, we investigated the relationships between IHRLs and the immune microenvironment. Result: Our analysis identified GSEC, AC099850.3, and AL391001.1 as risk lncRNAs, while AC010615.2, AC010654.1, AL513550.1, LINC00996, and LINC01150 were categorized as protective lncRNAs. We observed variances in the expression of seven immune cells and 15 immune-correlated pathways between the two risk groups. Furthermore, our results confirmed the ceRNA network associated with the intermittent hypoxia-related lncRNA GSEC/miR-873-3p/EGLN3 regulatory pathway. GSEC showed pronounced expression in lung adenocarcinoma tissues and specific cell lines, and its inhibition resulted in reduced proliferation and migration in A549 and PC9 cells. Intriguingly, GSEC manifested oncogenic properties by sponging miR-873-3p and demonstrated a tendency to modulate EGLN3 expression favorably. Conclusion: GSEC acts as an oncogenic lncRNA by interacting with miR-873-3p, modulating EGLN3 expression. This observation underscores the potential of GSEC as a diagnostic and therapeutic target for LUAD.

Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) affects 13–33% of males and 6–9% of females globally and poses significant treatment challenges, including poor adherence to Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) and residual excessive sleepiness (RES). This review aims to elucidate the emerging interest in pharmacological treatments for OSAS, focusing on recent advancements in this area. A thorough analysis of extensive clinical trials involving various drugs, including selective dopamine reuptake inhibitors, selective norepinephrine inhibitors, combined antimuscarinic agents, and orexin agonists, was conducted. These trials focused on ameliorating respiratory metrics and enhancing sleep quality in individuals affected by OSAS. The studied pharmacological agents showed potential in improving primary outcomes, notably the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS). These improvements suggest enhanced sleep quality and symptom management in OSAS patients. With a deeper understanding of OSAS, pharmacological interventions are emerging as a promising direction for its effective management. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of drug research in OSAS, highlighting the potential of these treatments in addressing the disorder’s complex challenges.

Das obstruktive Schlafapnoesyndrom (OSAS) betrifft 13–33% der Männer und 6–9% der Frauen weltweit und stellt erhebliche Behandlungsherausforderungen dar, einschließlich der schlechten Einhaltung des kontinuierlichen positiven Atemwegsdrucks (CPAP) und der verbleibenden übermäßigen Schläfrigkeit (RES). Diese Übersichtsarbeit zielt darauf ab, das aufkommende Interesse an pharmakologischen Behandlungen für das OSAS zu erläutern, wobei der Schwerpunkt auf den jüngsten Fortschritten in diesem Bereich liegt. Es wurde eine gründliche Analyse umfangreicher klinischer Studien mit verschiedenen Medikamenten, einschließlich selektiver Dopamin-Wiederaufnahmehemmer, selektiver Noradrenalinhemmer und kombinierter Antimuskarinika und Orexin-Agonisten, durchgeführt. Diese Studien konzentrierten sich auf die Verbesserung der Atemmetriken und der Schlafqualität bei Personen, die vom OSAS betroffen sind. Die untersuchten pharmakologischen Wirkstoffe zeigten das Potenzial zur Verbesserung der primären Ergebnisse, insbesondere des Apnoe-Hypopnoe-Index (AHI) sowie der Epworth-Schläfrigkeitsskala (ESS). Diese Verbesserungen deuten auf eine verbesserte Schlafqualität und Symptombehandlung bei OSAS-Patienten hin. Mit einem tieferen Verständnis des OSAS entwickeln sich pharmakologische Interventionen in eine vielversprechende Richtung für ein effektives Management. Diese Übersichtsarbeit bietet einen umfassenden Überblick über den aktuellen Stand der Arzneimittelforschung zum OSAS und hebt das Potenzial dieser Behandlungen bei der Bewältigung der komplexen Herausforderungen der Erkrankung hervor.