The research focuses on ammonia and phosphate removal from wastewater by using a novel metal and microwave-treated clinoptilolite. For increasing adsorption capacity, the samples were calcinated or microwave irradiated in the solutions of Fe(III), Cu (II), or Ca(II) chlorides. BET-specific surface area measurement revealed that the calcination led to a decrease from 18.254 to 11.658 m²/g. The adsorption results were fitted to theoretical models. The PO₄³⁻ adsorption in all samples as well as NH₄⁺ adsorption in natural and Fe- and Ca-modified samples is best described using the Langmuir–Freundlich model, but in calcinated and Cu-modified clinoptilolite the NH₄⁺ sorption is better characterized by the Freundlich model. The PO₄³⁻ adsorption in natural and all modified samples is best described using the Langmuir–Freundlich model. Fe-modified and calcinated clinoptilolite showed the highest NH₄⁺ adsorption capacity of 4.375 and 2.879 mg/g. Ca-modified samples demonstrated the lowest adsorption capacity of 0.875 mg NH₄⁺/g. The metal-modified samples exhibit a significantly higher phosphate sorption capacity (from 800.62 for Cu-sample to 813.14 mg/g for the Fe-modified sample) than natural (280.86 mg/g) or calcinated samples (713.568 mg/g). Experimental studies in dynamic conditions revealed high NH₄⁺ and sufficient PO₄³⁻ ions captured on modified clinoptilolite. This study provides a feasible approach for the synchronous removal of the main eutrophication agents for implementation in additional (tertiary) wastewater treatment facilities.

The work deals with the issues of nitrogen and phosphorus removal from wastewater. Natural and modified sorbents: zeolite, glauconite, and bentonite were tested under laboratory conditions. The studies used effluent from biological wastewater treatment that contained an average concentration of 2.2 mg/L of ammonium nitrogen; 7.6 mg/L of nitrate nitrogen and 8.7 mg/L of phosphate phosphorus concentration. Wastewater (0.5 L) was mixed with sorbents (5 g) at a speed of 200 revolutions per minute, then nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in the solution were measured. Natural glauconite and bentonite removed 58–60% ammonium nitrogen, while modified sorbents show higher 63–70% ammonium nitrogen removal efficiency, respectively. Clinoptilolite removed ammonium nitrogen from wastewater with 76% efficiency. The tested sorbents removed nitrate nitrogen with 14–15% efficiency and phosphate phosphorus with 19–45% efficiency.

This article discusses the importance of research projects and university cooperation in the context of science and technology development. The Lithuanian Research Council and the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine are currently holding calls for proposals for bilateral research projects. The authors focus on one of the winning projects, dedicated to wastewater and its treatment from nitrogen, phosphorus, and surfactants. Within the framework of the cooperation between Vilnius Technical University of Lithuania and Lviv State University of Life Safety of Ukraine, the kinetics and dynamics of the adsorption process on natural sorbents are being studied. The project aims to develop a method of tertiary wastewater treatment using eco-friendly modified natural sorbents. The project involves the creation of a multilayer filter made of environmentally friendly natural adsorbents. The article also emphasizes the importance of international conferences and roundtables to discuss environmental safety issues and facilitate participant experience exchange. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of cooperation between universities in research projects to promote scientific development and solve ecological problems. The article also highlights the value of international conferences and roundtable discussions in promoting environmental safety. These forums provide opportunities for participants to exchange experiences and ideas, facilitating knowledge dissemination and fostering collaborations. In conclusion, the article emphasizes the importance of university cooperation in research projects, as it contributes to scientific advancements and the resolution of ecological challenges. The collaboration between Vilnius Technical University and Lviv State University of Life Safety exemplifies the positive outcomes of such partnerships, driving sustainable solutions and addressing pressing environmental issues. Ця стаття розглядає важливість написання наукових проектів та співпрацю між університетами в контексті розвитку науки та технологій. У рамках оголошених тендерів відбуваються конкурси на реалізацію білатеральних дослідницьких проектів між Литовською науковою радою та Міністерством освіти і науки України. Автори статті зосереджуються на одному з переможних проектів, який присвячений стічним водам та їх очищенню від азоту, фосфору та поверхнево-активних речовин. У рамках співпраці між Вільнюським технічним університетом Литви та Львівським державним університетом безпеки життєдіяльності України, проводяться дослідження кінетики та динаміки процесу адсорбції на природних сорбентах. Метою проекту є розробка методу третинної очистки стічних вод за допомогою екологічно чистих модифікованих природних сорбентів. Проект передбачає створення багатошарового фільтра з екологічно чистих природних адсорбентів. Стаття також наголошує на значенні міжнародних конференцій та круглих столів для обговорення проблем екологічної безпеки та сприяння обміну досвідом між учасниками. Висновок підкреслює важливість співпраці між університетами в наукових проектах, як засобу сприяння науковому розвитку та вирішення екологічних проблем У статті також висвітлюється значення міжнародних конференцій та круглих столів у просуванні екологічної безпеки. Ці форуми надають учасникам можливість обмінюватися досвідом та ідеями, сприяючи поширенню знань і сприяючи співпраці. На завершення в статті підкреслюється важливість співпраці університетів у дослідницьких проектах, оскільки це сприяє науковому прогресу та вирішенню екологічних проблем. Співпраця між Вільнюським технічним університетом і Львівським державним університетом безпеки життєдіяльності є прикладом позитивних результатів такого партнерства, сприяючи стійким рішенням і вирішуючи нагальні екологічні проблеми.

Military actions in Ukraine have severely affected water sources, mainly due to the destruction of dams, pumping stations, treatment facilities, canals, and the seizure of water infrastructure. These events damaged water supply systems and contaminated drinking sources, reducing reserves in certain areas. The issue is intensified in Ukraine due to the high industrialization of regions near active conflict zones. This study focuses on the impact of war on drinking water in the Dnipropetrovsk region, located 105–150 km from the front line. Further risks to water quality stem from missile attacks, where debris from rockets and drones targeting cities like Dnipro, Samara, and Kamianske may alter the chemical state of nearby aquatic ecosystems. To evaluate water safety, we conducted a physicochemical analysis of 16 indicators, including pH, oxidation, alkalinity, conductivity, metals (iron, copper, cadmium, zinc), and nitrogen compounds. Results were benchmarked against national sanitary standards (DSanPiN 2.2.4-171-10, 2010) applicable to well and spring waters. Exceedances of pH and permanganate oxidizability were found in Kocherezhky and Novotroitske villages, while nitrate exceedance was recorded only in Bulakhivka. Water quality classes were determined using DSTU 4808:2007 standards. The poorest quality was in Bulakhivka’s well, where 5 of 13 parameters fell into the 4th class (mediocre), while Kocherezhky’s pump room showed the best quality, with 10 of 13 indicators rated as 1st class (excellent).

Landfill fires are among the most complex environmental emergencies affecting degraded lands, particularly in urban and peri-urban areas of Ukraine. The combustion of municipal solid waste (MSW) is accompanied by the release of toxic gases, persistent organic pollutants, and heavy metals, which leads to soil contamination, vegetation damage, and long-term ecological instability. Unlike short-term atmospheric pollution events, landfill fires often have prolonged and recurrent impacts due to internal smouldering processes and heterogeneous thermal conditions within waste layers. This study examines the environmental risks associated with landfill fires and focuses on the logistical aspects of fire suppression as a key factor in limiting secondary land degradation. The analysis is based on field observations, operational data from emergency response activities, and documented landfill fire events in large Ukrainian cities. Particular attention is paid to internal landfill temperatures, which in subsurface layers may exceed +90 °C, creating conditions for spontaneous ignition and long-lasting smouldering combustion.