Objective. Over the last few years, a wide number of unregulated substances have been marketed on the Web and in smart and head shops; they are usually advertised as legal alternatives to commonly known drugs and are defined as “smart drugs,” “legal highs,” and “novel psychoactive substances” (NPS). Aim of our work is to describe use habits and distribution of NPS in a population of young adults in Rome club scene.Methods. A self-administered questionnaire was proposed to subjects over 18 years of age at the entrance of 5 nightclubs in Rome. Socioeconomic characteristics and substance use were investigated.Results. Preliminary results give evidence that 78% of respondents have a lifetime history of NPS use. In addition, 56% of the sample has consumed illicit drugs in the past and 39% has used psychoactive substances in the 12 hours preceding the questionnaire administration.Conclusions. A significant proportion of subjects report use of novel psychoactive substances; traditional illicit drugs consumption, particularly cocaine, appears to be very high as well in the club scene. These data highlight a serious public health challenge, since pharmacological, toxicological, and psychopathological effects linked to interactions among all these substances may be unpredictable and sometimes fatal in vulnerable individuals.

Purpose of the study: The purpose of this study was to investigate cognitive functioning in Borderline Personality Disorder subjects, with particular reference to the Working Memory functioning. The Working Memory seems to be relate to core features of the disturb. The final aim was to better understand the disorder and to implement a cognitive training to improve the deficits.Methods: A literature search was conducted in April 2015. Pubmed and Scopus databases were used to find studies to include in the systematic review. The keywords used for the literature search were: “borderline personality disorder”, “borderline personality”, “working memory”, “executive functioning”. In each search, the keywords were used together with the logical operator “and”.Summary: Three studies were included in this systematic review (Table 1). In each study, the working memory was investigated using N-back test. In two of those studies significantly differences were found between patients and healthy group in N-back task. In the third study, which used more tests to investigate working memory domain, no differences were found between the two groups.Conclusions: Borderline personality disorder patients performed significantly worse on the N-back test compared to healthy controls and the impairment increased with increasing working memory load. In the third study the working memory domain was investigated using four different tests and single scores were not included therefore it was impossible to compare N-back data.Disclosure of interest: The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Dopamine is the predominant physiological inhibitory factor of prolactin release. Hyperprolactinemia is associated with potentially serious short and long-term clinical consequences. Several physiological and pathological conditions can cause elevated serum prolactin levels. Of these, in the psychiatric population, antipsychotic drugs are the most common. Because treatment of psychiatric illness often begins during adolescence and involves the long-term administration of these medications, the antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinemia appears to be a major health concern for these patients. There are many possible management strategies of antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinemia: estrogen/testosterone replacement, adding a dopamine agonist and introducing an alternative antipsychotic. Aripiprazole, a drug with partial agonist activity at dopamine D2 receptors, may be effective for antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinemia. This paper reviews recent patents, mechanisms and evidences regarding the clinical action of aripiprazole on antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinemia.