The aim of this systematic integrative review is to analyse the challenges and barriers found in mental healthcare systems and the impact they have on the family. Searches were made of the Web of Science, Scopus, Medline and Cochrane databases using terms relating to mental health, family care and healthcare systems. We included and critically evaluated studies published in English between 2015 and 2019 that directly or indirectly analysed public mental health policies and the consequences they have for the family. We analysed our findings following the inductive content analysis approach. A total of 32 articles that met quality indicators were identified. Very closely related structural, cultural, economic and healthcare barriers were found that contribute to the treatment gap in mental health. The family covers the care systems’ deficiencies and weaknesses, and this leads to overload and a diminishing quality of life for caregivers. It is acknowledged that people with mental illness and their families should be able to participate in the development of policies and thus contribute to strengthening mental healthcare systems worldwide.

Adolescent suicide is a critical social issue with profound and lasting individual and collective consequences. This umbrella review examines factors associated with adolescent suicidal behavior through the socioecological framework of prevention and seeks to identify gaps in the existing literature. The review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and included a comprehensive search of the of the Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane databases in both English and Spanish, covering the period from 2018 to 2024, using terms related to adolescence and suicidal behavior. Out of 6,138 articles identified, 37 met the quality criteria and were selected for analysis. The studies highlighted individual risk factors such as age, gender, belonging to ethnic or gender minorities, emotional disorders, self-destructive behavior, emotional regulation, and experience of physical or emotional pain. Interpersonal factors such as parental relationships, sexual abuse, social isolation, peer pressure, and loneliness were also found. However, the review revealed a worrying lack of studies on societal and community factors and a paucity of research focusing on protective factors. The study highlights the need to include factors related to the physical and social environments that influence health and behavior in future research, as well as to enhance the resources and strengths of adolescents.

The literature to date has documented the presence of challenges and barriers in mental health systems and services for children and adolescents worldwide. However, studies addressing this reality often do so in a fragmented, residual, incomplete, or generalized way, therefore hindering a comprehensive understanding of this complex phenomenon. The aim of this qualitative systematic review is to analyze the barriers and challenges affecting global mental health care for children and adolescents. Searches were made in the Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed databases between 2018 and 2022 using terms connected with mental health, childhood, adolescence, and health systems. The search resulted in the extraction of 9075 articles, of which 51 were considered eligible for inclusion and complied with quality indicators. A number of closely related structural, financial, attitudinal, and treatment barriers that limited the quality of life and well-being of children and adolescents with mental health needs were found. These barriers included inadequate public policies, operational deficiencies, insufficient insurance coverage, privatization of services, stigma, lack of mental health literacy, lack of training, overburdened care, dehumanization of care, and lack of community and integrated resources. The analysis of these barriers displays that this treatment gap reflects the historical injustice towards mental illness and the disregard for real needs in these crucial stages, perpetuating a systematic lack of protection for the mental health of children and adolescents. The complexity of the disorders and the absence of public resources have resulted in a hodgepodge of mental health services for children and adolescents that fails to provide the continuing specialist health care they need.

Este trabajo examina el papel de los factores sociodemográficos como determinantes de las creencias y actitudes sexistas y las percepciones distorsionadas sobre el amor romántico, y analiza la relación entre el sexismo hostil y el sexismo benevolente y las creencias en mitos del amor romántico, según el Índice de Desigualdad de Género (idg), en una muestra de 203 adolescentes latinoamericanos residentes en Valencia (España).

Palabras-clave: Trastornos Mentales; Cuidadores; Familia, Apoyo Social; Enfermería en Salud Comunitaria

The aim of this article is to investigate the importance of family care in mental health and identify the shortcomings of the Spanish model of health care for the mentally ill. The empirical process comprised three qualitative procedures involving 37 experts from different regions of Spain. In order to guarantee the rigor of the data, a social worker discussion group was set up to create an interview script. Interviews were then carried out with 22 professionals who take care of people with mental illness in various public facilities throughout the country. A second focal group met three times to validate the categorizations analyzed in the interviews. The results of the empirical process indicate a need to remodel the mental health care system, which can be described with reference to five critical characteristics: 1) a lack of financial and human resources for mental health, 2) a lack of effective coordination among all the institutions and authorities involved, 3) a lack of quality resources aimed at rehabilitation and social reintegration as alternatives to institutionalization, 4) a lack of integrated care, and 5) a lack of a common healthcare framework for all professional workers in all the regions. A remodeling of the system is necessary to enable the rehabilitation, recovery, empowerment and development of people with SMD and thus ease the burden and improve the quality of life of family caregivers.