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Celestina M.G. Pedras
Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal

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Journal article
Published: 21 May 2021 in Sustainability
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Forest-fire rates have increased in Southern European landscapes. These fires damage forest ecosystems and alter their development. During the last few decades, an increase in fast-growing and highly fuel-bearing plant species such as bush, Eucalyptus globulus Labill., and Pinus pinaster Ait. has been observable in the interior of Portugal. This study aims to verify this assumption by the quantification of the biomass carbon sink in the forests of the Mação municipality. Maps of fire severity and forest biomass evolution after a wildfire event were produced for the period of 1991 to 2019. To quantify carbon retention in this region, this evolution was correlated with gross primary production (GPP) on the basis of satellite imagery from Landsat 5, Landsat 8, and MODIS MYD17A2H. Results show that wildfires in Mação increased in area and severity with each passing decade due to the large accumulation of biomass promoted by the abandonment of rural areas. Before the large fires of 2003, 2017, and 2019, carbon rates reached a daily maximum of 5.4, 5.3, and 4.7 gC/m2/day, respectively, showing a trend of forest-biomass accumulation in the Mação municipality.

ACS Style

Helena Fernandez; Fernando Granja-Martins; Celestina Pedras; Patrícia Fernandes; Jorge Isidoro. An Assessment of Forest Fires and CO2 Gross Primary Production from 1991 to 2019 in Mação (Portugal). Sustainability 2021, 13, 5816 .

AMA Style

Helena Fernandez, Fernando Granja-Martins, Celestina Pedras, Patrícia Fernandes, Jorge Isidoro. An Assessment of Forest Fires and CO2 Gross Primary Production from 1991 to 2019 in Mação (Portugal). Sustainability. 2021; 13 (11):5816.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Helena Fernandez; Fernando Granja-Martins; Celestina Pedras; Patrícia Fernandes; Jorge Isidoro. 2021. "An Assessment of Forest Fires and CO2 Gross Primary Production from 1991 to 2019 in Mação (Portugal)." Sustainability 13, no. 11: 5816.

Journal article
Published: 05 January 2020 in AgriEngineering
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There has been increasing pressure on water resources in cities due to the proliferation of urban green areas. In the Mediterranean climate, only a small part of the plants’ water needs is supplied by rainfall during the winter months. Thus, in Algarve (Portugal) irrigation of the urban landscapes is required almost all year round. The aims of this study were to evaluate the maintenance of the urban landscapes of São Brás de Alportel (Algarve) during a year, based on the characterization of the vegetation of the urban gardens, the climate data, the analysis of the irrigation systems, the calculation of the plants water requirements and the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). By crossing all this information, it was possible to understand if the current maintenance level is the most suitable for sustainable irrigated urban landscapes. In most of the gardens, it was possible to establish a relationship between the gross irrigation water requirements and NDVI. In general, the NDVI allowed us to study the urban landscape, through the monthly observation of the differences in the appearance and development of the vegetation.

ACS Style

Celestina M. G. Pedras; Helena Maria Fernandez; Rui Lança; Fernando Granja-Martins. Applying Remote Sensing Technologies in Urban Landscapes of the Mediterranean. AgriEngineering 2020, 2, 27 -36.

AMA Style

Celestina M. G. Pedras, Helena Maria Fernandez, Rui Lança, Fernando Granja-Martins. Applying Remote Sensing Technologies in Urban Landscapes of the Mediterranean. AgriEngineering. 2020; 2 (1):27-36.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Celestina M. G. Pedras; Helena Maria Fernandez; Rui Lança; Fernando Granja-Martins. 2020. "Applying Remote Sensing Technologies in Urban Landscapes of the Mediterranean." AgriEngineering 2, no. 1: 27-36.

Journal article
Published: 02 December 2019 in Blue-Green Systems
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Research and practice during the last 20 years has shown that urban agriculture can contribute to minimising the effects of climate change by, at the same time, improving quality of life in urban areas. In order to do so most effectively, land use and spatial planning are crucial so as to obtain and maintain a supportive green infrastructure and to secure citizens' healthy living conditions. As people today trend more towards living in green and sustainable city centres that can offer fresh and locally produced food, cities become again places for growing food. The scope of urban agriculture thereby is to establish food production sites within the city's sphere; for example, through building-integrated agriculture including concepts such as aquaponics, indoor agriculture, vertical farming, rooftop production, edible walls, as well as through urban farms, edible landscapes, school gardens and community gardens. Embedded in changing urban food systems, the contribution of urban agriculture to creating sustainable and climate-friendly cities is pivotal as it has the capacity to integrate other resource streams such as water, waste and energy. This article describes some of the current aspects of the circular city debate where urban agriculture is pushing forward the development of material and resource cycling in cities.

ACS Style

S. L. G. Skar; R. Pineda-Martos; A. Timpe; Bernd Pölling; K. Bohn; M. Külvik; Cecília Delgado; Celestina Pedras; T. A. Paço; M. Ćujić; N. Tzortzakis; A. Chrysargyris; A. Peticila; Gitana Alencikiene; H. Monsees; Ranka Junge. Urban agriculture as a keystone contribution towards securing sustainable and healthy development for cities in the future. Blue-Green Systems 2019, 2, 1 -27.

AMA Style

S. L. G. Skar, R. Pineda-Martos, A. Timpe, Bernd Pölling, K. Bohn, M. Külvik, Cecília Delgado, Celestina Pedras, T. A. Paço, M. Ćujić, N. Tzortzakis, A. Chrysargyris, A. Peticila, Gitana Alencikiene, H. Monsees, Ranka Junge. Urban agriculture as a keystone contribution towards securing sustainable and healthy development for cities in the future. Blue-Green Systems. 2019; 2 (1):1-27.

Chicago/Turabian Style

S. L. G. Skar; R. Pineda-Martos; A. Timpe; Bernd Pölling; K. Bohn; M. Külvik; Cecília Delgado; Celestina Pedras; T. A. Paço; M. Ćujić; N. Tzortzakis; A. Chrysargyris; A. Peticila; Gitana Alencikiene; H. Monsees; Ranka Junge. 2019. "Urban agriculture as a keystone contribution towards securing sustainable and healthy development for cities in the future." Blue-Green Systems 2, no. 1: 1-27.

Conference paper
Published: 01 January 2019 in Congreso Ibérico de Agroingeniería
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ACS Style

Celestina Pedras; Helena M Fernandez; Rui Lança; Fernando Miguel Granja Martins. Deteção remota aplicada aos espaços verdes urbanos do Mediterrâneo. Congreso Ibérico de Agroingeniería 2019, 1 .

AMA Style

Celestina Pedras, Helena M Fernandez, Rui Lança, Fernando Miguel Granja Martins. Deteção remota aplicada aos espaços verdes urbanos do Mediterrâneo. Congreso Ibérico de Agroingeniería. 2019; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Celestina Pedras; Helena M Fernandez; Rui Lança; Fernando Miguel Granja Martins. 2019. "Deteção remota aplicada aos espaços verdes urbanos do Mediterrâneo." Congreso Ibérico de Agroingeniería , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 30 March 2017 in Territorium
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O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar o impacto da carga de combustível nas propriedades hidrológicas de um solo franco arenoso, queimado em condições de laboratório. Para tal, foram recolhidas e transportadas paralaboratório, amostras de solo não perturbado, onde foram queimadas depois de aplicar diferentes cargas de material combustível (agulhas de pinheiro). A taxa de infiltração e a sorvidade do solo diminuem fortemente com o aumento da carga de combustível. https://doi.org/10.14195/1647-7723_24_15

ACS Style

Soraia Almeida; Helena M Fernandez; Fernando Miguel Granja Martins; Celestina Pedras; Rui Lança. Impacto da carga combustível nas propriedades hidráulicas de um solo pós-incêndio em condições laboratoriais. Territorium 2017, 213 -219.

AMA Style

Soraia Almeida, Helena M Fernandez, Fernando Miguel Granja Martins, Celestina Pedras, Rui Lança. Impacto da carga combustível nas propriedades hidráulicas de um solo pós-incêndio em condições laboratoriais. Territorium. 2017; (24):213-219.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Soraia Almeida; Helena M Fernandez; Fernando Miguel Granja Martins; Celestina Pedras; Rui Lança. 2017. "Impacto da carga combustível nas propriedades hidráulicas de um solo pós-incêndio em condições laboratoriais." Territorium , no. 24: 213-219.

Journal article
Published: 03 November 2016 in Territorium
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O uso e a ocupação do solo, e os incêndios florestais influenciam a relação entre precipitação-escoamento superficial e, consequentemente, o regime de cheias num curso de água. Neste estudo utilizou-se o modelo Hydrologic Engineering Center - Hydrologic Modeling System para simular a resposta hidrológica da bacia hidrográfica do Rio Séqua, em cenário pré-incêndio e pós-incêndio de Catraia, Algarve, Portugal. Os resultados revelam que os caudais de ponta de cheia sofrem um incremento de 25% nas sub-bacias hidrográficas mais afetadas pelo incêndio.

ACS Style

Soraia Almeida; Fernando Miguel Granja Martins; Helena M Fernandez; Celestina Pedras; Elisa Maria De Jesus Da Silva; Rui Graça-E-Costa; Rui Lança. Efeito do incêndio de Catraia no comportamento hidrológico da bacia hidrográfica do rio Séqua. Territorium 2016, 153 -160.

AMA Style

Soraia Almeida, Fernando Miguel Granja Martins, Helena M Fernandez, Celestina Pedras, Elisa Maria De Jesus Da Silva, Rui Graça-E-Costa, Rui Lança. Efeito do incêndio de Catraia no comportamento hidrológico da bacia hidrográfica do rio Séqua. Territorium. 2016; (23):153-160.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Soraia Almeida; Fernando Miguel Granja Martins; Helena M Fernandez; Celestina Pedras; Elisa Maria De Jesus Da Silva; Rui Graça-E-Costa; Rui Lança. 2016. "Efeito do incêndio de Catraia no comportamento hidrológico da bacia hidrográfica do rio Séqua." Territorium , no. 23: 153-160.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2015 in Agricultural Water Management
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ACS Style

R.L. Snyder; Celestina Pedras; A. Montazar; J.M. Henry; D. Ackley. Advances in ET-based landscape irrigation management. Agricultural Water Management 2015, 147, 187 -197.

AMA Style

R.L. Snyder, Celestina Pedras, A. Montazar, J.M. Henry, D. Ackley. Advances in ET-based landscape irrigation management. Agricultural Water Management. 2015; 147 ():187-197.

Chicago/Turabian Style

R.L. Snyder; Celestina Pedras; A. Montazar; J.M. Henry; D. Ackley. 2015. "Advances in ET-based landscape irrigation management." Agricultural Water Management 147, no. : 187-197.

Book chapter
Published: 22 December 2014 in Multidimensão e territórios de risco
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ACS Style

Rui Lança; Vera Rocheta; Fernando Miguel Granja Martins; Helena M Fernandez; Celestina Pedras; Luciano Lourenço. Caracterização e medidas mitigadoras das inundações em Vilamoura, Algarve. Multidimensão e territórios de risco 2014, 327 -332.

AMA Style

Rui Lança, Vera Rocheta, Fernando Miguel Granja Martins, Helena M Fernandez, Celestina Pedras, Luciano Lourenço. Caracterização e medidas mitigadoras das inundações em Vilamoura, Algarve. Multidimensão e territórios de risco. 2014; ():327-332.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rui Lança; Vera Rocheta; Fernando Miguel Granja Martins; Helena M Fernandez; Celestina Pedras; Luciano Lourenço. 2014. "Caracterização e medidas mitigadoras das inundações em Vilamoura, Algarve." Multidimensão e territórios de risco , no. : 327-332.

Book chapter
Published: 21 December 2014 in Multidimensão e territórios de risco
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ACS Style

Rui Lança; Vera Rocheta; Fernando Miguel Granja Martins; Helena M Fernandez; Elisa Maria De Jesus Da Silva; Celestina Pedras; Luciano Lourenço. Modificação das propriedades hidráulicas dos solos da Serra algarvia devido aos incêndios florestais. Multidimensão e territórios de risco 2014, 715 -719.

AMA Style

Rui Lança, Vera Rocheta, Fernando Miguel Granja Martins, Helena M Fernandez, Elisa Maria De Jesus Da Silva, Celestina Pedras, Luciano Lourenço. Modificação das propriedades hidráulicas dos solos da Serra algarvia devido aos incêndios florestais. Multidimensão e territórios de risco. 2014; ():715-719.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rui Lança; Vera Rocheta; Fernando Miguel Granja Martins; Helena M Fernandez; Elisa Maria De Jesus Da Silva; Celestina Pedras; Luciano Lourenço. 2014. "Modificação das propriedades hidráulicas dos solos da Serra algarvia devido aos incêndios florestais." Multidimensão e territórios de risco , no. : 715-719.

Journal article
Published: 23 April 2014 in Biosystems Engineering
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This study explores the use of drip and surface irrigation decision support systems to select among furrow, border and drip irrigation systems for cotton, considering water saving and economic priorities. Data refers to farm field observations in Northeast of Syria. Simulation of drip irrigation was performed with MIRRIG model for various alternatives: double and single row per lateral, emitter spacing of 0.5 and 0.7 m, six alternative pipe layouts and five self-compensating and non-compensating emitters. Furrow and border irrigation alternatives were designed and ranked with the SADREG model, considering lasered and non-lasered land levelling, field lengths of 50–200 m and various inflow discharges. A multicriteria analysis approach was used to analyse and compare the alternatives based upon economic and water saving criteria. Results for surface irrigation indicate a slight advantage for long non-lasered graded furrows; non-lasered alternatives were selected due to economic considerations. For drip irrigation, the best ranking is for systems having lower costs, mainly with double rows per lateral and larger emitter spacing. Comparing surface and drip irrigation systems, despite low cost, drip alternatives may lead to 28–35% water saving relative to improved graded furrows, and increase water productivity from 0.43 kg m−3 to 0.61 kg m−3, surface irrigation provides higher farm returns. Drip irrigation is selected only when high priority is assigned to water saving. Deficit irrigation does not change this pattern of results. Apparently, adopting drip irrigation requires appropriate economic incentives to farmers, changes in the structure of production costs and increased value of production.

ACS Style

Hanaa M. Darouich; Celestina M.G. Pedras; José M. Gonçalves; Luís S. Pereira. Drip vs. surface irrigation: A comparison focussing on water saving and economic returns using multicriteria analysis applied to cotton. Biosystems Engineering 2014, 122, 74 -90.

AMA Style

Hanaa M. Darouich, Celestina M.G. Pedras, José M. Gonçalves, Luís S. Pereira. Drip vs. surface irrigation: A comparison focussing on water saving and economic returns using multicriteria analysis applied to cotton. Biosystems Engineering. 2014; 122 ():74-90.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hanaa M. Darouich; Celestina M.G. Pedras; José M. Gonçalves; Luís S. Pereira. 2014. "Drip vs. surface irrigation: A comparison focussing on water saving and economic returns using multicriteria analysis applied to cotton." Biosystems Engineering 122, no. : 74-90.

Conference paper
Published: 14 November 2013 in World Congress of Computers in Agriculture and Natural Resources, Proceedings of the 2002 Conference
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ACS Style

Celestina Pedras; And L. S. Pereira. Model AVALOC for Micro-Irrigation Systems, Application to Performance Analysis. World Congress of Computers in Agriculture and Natural Resources, Proceedings of the 2002 Conference 2013, 1 .

AMA Style

Celestina Pedras, And L. S. Pereira. Model AVALOC for Micro-Irrigation Systems, Application to Performance Analysis. World Congress of Computers in Agriculture and Natural Resources, Proceedings of the 2002 Conference. 2013; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Celestina Pedras; And L. S. Pereira. 2013. "Model AVALOC for Micro-Irrigation Systems, Application to Performance Analysis." World Congress of Computers in Agriculture and Natural Resources, Proceedings of the 2002 Conference , no. : 1.

Conference paper
Published: 14 November 2013 in Computers in Agriculture and Natural Resources, 23-25 July 2006, Orlando Florida
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ACS Style

Celestina Pedras; Luis Santos Pereira. A DSS for Design and Performance Analysis of Microirrigation Systems. Computers in Agriculture and Natural Resources, 23-25 July 2006, Orlando Florida 2013, 1 .

AMA Style

Celestina Pedras, Luis Santos Pereira. A DSS for Design and Performance Analysis of Microirrigation Systems. Computers in Agriculture and Natural Resources, 23-25 July 2006, Orlando Florida. 2013; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Celestina Pedras; Luis Santos Pereira. 2013. "A DSS for Design and Performance Analysis of Microirrigation Systems." Computers in Agriculture and Natural Resources, 23-25 July 2006, Orlando Florida , no. : 1.

Proceedings article
Published: 01 January 2011 in Special Session on Architectures, Concepts and Technologies for Service Oriented Computing
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ACS Style

M. Isabel Valin; Maria Cameira; Celestina Pedras; P. R. Teodoro; J. M Gonçalves; Luis Santos Pereira. DEPIVOT – A SOFTWARE PACKAGE TO DESIGN AND EVALUATE CENTER-PIVOT SYSTEMS. Special Session on Architectures, Concepts and Technologies for Service Oriented Computing 2011, 298 -301.

AMA Style

M. Isabel Valin, Maria Cameira, Celestina Pedras, P. R. Teodoro, J. M Gonçalves, Luis Santos Pereira. DEPIVOT – A SOFTWARE PACKAGE TO DESIGN AND EVALUATE CENTER-PIVOT SYSTEMS. Special Session on Architectures, Concepts and Technologies for Service Oriented Computing. 2011; ():298-301.

Chicago/Turabian Style

M. Isabel Valin; Maria Cameira; Celestina Pedras; P. R. Teodoro; J. M Gonçalves; Luis Santos Pereira. 2011. "DEPIVOT – A SOFTWARE PACKAGE TO DESIGN AND EVALUATE CENTER-PIVOT SYSTEMS." Special Session on Architectures, Concepts and Technologies for Service Oriented Computing , no. : 298-301.

Journal article
Published: 30 April 2009 in Agricultural Water Management
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This paper presents a practical application of the DSS MIRRIG for the design of a microirrigation system for a citrus orchard in Algarve (Portugal). Several alternatives were considered using different emitter types (drippers, sprayers, pressure-compensating and non-pressure compensating emitters), different pipe sizes and layouts with and without pressure regulation valves, as well as different pressure head and discharge at the upstream end of the systems. This application is described and the ranking of alternative designs is analysed using the weights given by the farmer to the hydraulic, economic and environmental criteria. An analysis of impacts resulting from selecting different weights is presented aimed at understanding the sensitivity of the model in relation to those criteria. In addition, a sensitivity analysis is performed to test the robustness of the algorithms used for ranking with respect to changes in concordance and discordance threshold values, which show that the values selected by the model are those providing for a more clear ranking of design alternatives.

ACS Style

C.M.G. Pedras; Luis Santos Pereira. Multicriteria analysis for design of microirrigation systems. Application and sensitivity analysis. Agricultural Water Management 2009, 96, 702 -710.

AMA Style

C.M.G. Pedras, Luis Santos Pereira. Multicriteria analysis for design of microirrigation systems. Application and sensitivity analysis. Agricultural Water Management. 2009; 96 (4):702-710.

Chicago/Turabian Style

C.M.G. Pedras; Luis Santos Pereira. 2009. "Multicriteria analysis for design of microirrigation systems. Application and sensitivity analysis." Agricultural Water Management 96, no. 4: 702-710.

Journal article
Published: 30 April 2009 in Agricultural Water Management
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The decision support system (DSS) MIRRIG has been developed to support the design of microirrigation systems and to advise farmers as a result of field evaluations. It is written in Visual Basic 6.0, runs in a Windows environment, and uses a database with information on emitters and pipes available in the market, as well as on crops, soils and the systems under design. MIRRIG is composed by design and simulation models and a multicriteria analysis model that ranks alternative design solutions based upon an integration of technical, economic and environmental criteria. User friendly windows are adopted for handling the databases and to manage the sub-models. The model allows creating and comparing a set of design alternatives relative to the pipe system and the emitters, either drip or microsprinkling emitters. For each alternative, the pipe system is sized and the irrigation system is simulated to produce performance, environmental and economic indicators. These include uniformity of water application, potential for contamination with agrochemicals due to water percolation, and installation and operation costs. Those indicators are used as attributes of the selected criteria. All alternatives are then compared and ranked through multicriteria analysis where the weights giving the relative importance of the adopted criteria are defined by the user. These procedures allow selecting the best design alternative and solving the complexities involved in the design of microirrigation systems. The model is available from the website www://ceer.isa.utl.pt/cms or by contacting [email protected].

ACS Style

C.M.G. C.M.G.Pedrasab; Luis Santos Pereira; J.M. J.M.Gonçalvesbc. MIRRIG: A decision support system for design and evaluation of microirrigation systems. Agricultural Water Management 2009, 96, 691 -701.

AMA Style

C.M.G. C.M.G.Pedrasab, Luis Santos Pereira, J.M. J.M.Gonçalvesbc. MIRRIG: A decision support system for design and evaluation of microirrigation systems. Agricultural Water Management. 2009; 96 (4):691-701.

Chicago/Turabian Style

C.M.G. C.M.G.Pedrasab; Luis Santos Pereira; J.M. J.M.Gonçalvesbc. 2009. "MIRRIG: A decision support system for design and evaluation of microirrigation systems." Agricultural Water Management 96, no. 4: 691-701.

Journal article
Published: 31 December 2002 in Ingeniería del agua
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O modelo iterativo AVALOC, em linguagem VISUAL BASIC 4.0, foi desenvolvido para o dimensionamento e a análise de funcionamento de sistemas de rega localizada (ou microrrega). O modelo apoia-se numa base de dados contendo informação relativa aos emissores e aos tubos disponíveis no comércio, e aos sectores de rega a que é aplicado o programa. A base de dados permite com relativa facilidade a introdução, a consulta e a correcção dos dados e, desta forma, reduzir o tempo de utilização do programa. No modo de dimensionamento em projecto, o programa permite seleccionar os emissores que melhor respondam aos objectivos do projecto, bem como escolher e dimensionar as condutas que constituem a rede de rega. Os cálculos são realizados segundo criterios de exclusão, i.e. obrigando a que sejam satisfeitos determinados critérios de desempenho fixados pelo utilizador, nomeadamente referentes à variação de carga e à uniformidade de emissão, visando assegurar que a distribuição de caudais no sector seja adequadamente uniforme. No modo de análise de desempenho, a simulação hidráulica visa calcular os parâmetros de funcionamento característicos do sistema, tais como o par carga - caudal de cada saída, o tempo de funcionamento, a percentagem de solo humedecido e indicadores de desempenho da rega, nomeadamente o coeficiente de uniformidade de Christiansen e a uniformidade de emissão. O modelo é apresentado utilizando um caso de projecto de um sector de rega em olival.

ACS Style

Celestina Pedras; Luís S. Pereira. Modelo de simulaçâo para projecto e avaliaçâo de sistemas de rega localizada. Ingeniería del agua 2002, 9, 453 .

AMA Style

Celestina Pedras, Luís S. Pereira. Modelo de simulaçâo para projecto e avaliaçâo de sistemas de rega localizada. Ingeniería del agua. 2002; 9 (4):453.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Celestina Pedras; Luís S. Pereira. 2002. "Modelo de simulaçâo para projecto e avaliaçâo de sistemas de rega localizada." Ingeniería del agua 9, no. 4: 453.

Research article
Published: 15 November 2001 in Irrigation and Drainage
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The rational use and conservation of water resources require that irrigation performance, including emission uniformity, be as high as possible. Simulation models can help achieve these objectives. The AVALOC model has been developed for design and performance analysis of microirrigation systems, adopting the sector as the unit for analysis. The model works with the Windows operating system and is explored interactively through a simple dialogue structure consisting of a sequence of user‐friendly interfaces. Model computations are supported by a database containing updated information on the emitters and pipes available on the market, and where the information relative to the sectors being designed or evaluated is stored. The databases allow easy introduction, visualization and correction of data through a user‐friendly menu. In the design mode, the model provides for the selection of pipes and emitters that permit the attainment of the target performance, including emitter discharge uniformity. In the performance analysis mode, a hydraulics simulation is executed and several system performance parameters are then computed. The simulation can be performed using data created during design or data collected from field system evaluation. The present paper describes the main features of the model and shows a design example applied to an olive orchard. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

ACS Style

Celestina Pedras; Luis Santos Pereira. A simulation model for design and evaluation of micro-irrigation systems. Irrigation and Drainage 2001, 50, 323 -334.

AMA Style

Celestina Pedras, Luis Santos Pereira. A simulation model for design and evaluation of micro-irrigation systems. Irrigation and Drainage. 2001; 50 (4):323-334.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Celestina Pedras; Luis Santos Pereira. 2001. "A simulation model for design and evaluation of micro-irrigation systems." Irrigation and Drainage 50, no. 4: 323-334.