Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are considered potential biomarkers for the detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Many studies have attempted to explore this role, but the results are variable. We conducted the first comprehensive meta-analysis to evaluate the diagnostic value of CTC assay for HCC patients. Additional prognostic value was also assessed. All articles included in our study were assessed using QUADAS guidelines after a literature search. Using bivariate generalized linear mixed model and random-effects model, effect measures such as pooled sensitivity/specificity, positive likelihood ratios/negative likelihood ratios (NLRs), diagnostic odds ratios, hazard ratios (HRs), risk ratios, and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated. We used receiver operating characteristic curves and area under the curve (AUC) to summarize overall test performance. Heterogeneity, publication bias, subgroup, and sensitivity analyses were also performed. A total of 2256 subjects including 998 HCC patients in 20 studies were recruited in this meta-analysis. Although the overall diagnostic accuracy of the CTC assay was high (AUC 0.93, 95% CI: [0.90–0.95]), there was a high probability of error rate (NLR 0.33, 95% CI: [0.23, 0.48]). The results were more robust when nonmagnetic-activated isolation was used, compared with magnetic-activated isolation subgroup (NLR: 0.18 vs. 0.41; z = 2.118, P = .034). CTCs positivity was significantly associated with relapse-free survival (HR 2.417, 95% CI: [1.421–3.250]; P < .001), overall survival (HR 3.59, 95% CI: [1.984–6.495]; P < .001), and some clinical characteristics. CTC assay is not recommended as an independent HCC diagnostic tool, but is associated with poor clinicopathologic characteristics of HCC patients and could indicate poor prognosis.

Objective: The main purpose of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the effect of dual-task training on gait and balance improvement in stroke patients. Design: The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, CINAHL, CNKI, Wan Fang, and VIP databases were searched from inception to January 28, 2021, for randomized controlled trials investigating the effect of dual-task training on gait and balance intervention in stroke patients. Results: A total of 17 studies with 575 stroke patients that compared the efficacy and safety of dual-task training with those of conventional physical therapy or single-task training were included in this meta-analysis. The meta-analysis showed that the data were as follows under the dual-task training: step length (mean difference = 2.7, 95% confidence interval = 1.33 to 4.08, P = 0.0001); cadence (mean difference = 5.06, 95% confidence interval = 3.37 to 6.75, P < 0.00001); stride length (mean difference = 7.34, 95% confidence interval = 5.47 to 9.22, P < 0.00001); 10-meter walk test times (mean difference = −2.36, 95% confidence interval = −3.70 to −1.02), P = 0.0006); Berg Balance Scale (mean difference = 3.8, 95% confidence interval = 0.04 to 7.55, P = 0.05); Fugl-Meyer motor assessment of lower extremities (mean difference = 2.27, 95% confidence interval = −1.04 to 5.59, P = 0.18). Conclusions: This meta-analysis showed that dual-task training can improve stroke patients’ step length, cadence, stride length, and 10-meter walk test. However, possible advantages in improving balance function need further exploration.

Aim: Nurses play a crucial role within medical institutions, maintaining direct interaction with patient data. Despite this, there is a scarcity of tools for evaluating nurses' perspectives on patient information security. This study aimed to translate the Information Security Attitude Questionnaire into Chinese and validate its reliability and validity among clinical nurses.Design: A cross‐sectional design.Methods: A total of 728 clinical nurses from three hospitals in China participated in this study. The Information Security Attitude Questionnaire (ISA‐Q) was translated into Chinese utilizing the Brislin two‐way translation method. The reliability was assessed through internal consistency coefficient and test–retest reliability. The validity was determined through the Delphi expert consultation method and factor analysis.Results: The Chinese version of ISA‐Q consists of 30 items. Cronbach's α coefficient of the questionnaire was 0.930, and Cronbach's α coefficient of the six dimensions ranged from 0.781 to 0.938. The split‐half reliability and test–retest reliability were 0.797 and 0.848, respectively. The content validity index (S‐CVI) was 0.962. Exploratory factor analysis revealed a 6‐factor structure supported by eigenvalues, total variance interpretation, and scree plots, accounting for a cumulative variance contribution rate of 69.436%. Confirmatory factor analysis further validated the 6‐factor structure, demonstrating an appropriate model fit.Conclusion: The robust reliability and validity exhibited by the Chinese version of ISA‐Q establish it as a dependable tool for evaluating the information security attitudes of clinical nurses.Implications for Nursing Practice: The Chinese iteration of the ISA‐Q questionnaire offers a profound insight into the information security attitudes held by clinical nurses. This understanding serves as a foundation for nursing managers to develop targeted intervention strategies aimed at fortifying nurses' information security attitudes, thereby enhancing patient safety.

Background: Rupture of unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIA) is the third leading cause of morbidity and mortality from cerebrovascular disease, with a disability rate as high as 36–58%; health behaviors are crucial for reducing the risk of rupture. Protection Motivation Theory serves as an effective framework for explaining the formation of health behaviors; however, there is currently a lack of analyses on the latent categories of protection motivation for health behaviors among UIA patients both domestically and internationally, and in-depth exploration of population heterogeneity and intrinsic motivation has been neglected. Based on Protection Motivation Theory, this study explores the overall level and dimensional characteristics of protection motivation for health behaviors among UIA patients, analyzes its latent profiles and influencing factors, and provides a reference for clinical stratified management and personalized interventions. Methods: From July to December 2025, a convenience sample of 300 UIA patients meeting the inclusion criteria was recruited from a Grade A tertiary hospital in Jiangxi Province for a clinical survey. A self-designed general demographic questionnaire, the UIA Patient Health Behavior Protective Motivation Scale, and the Health Promotion Lifestyle Scale II (HPLP-II) were used to assess the current status of health behavior protective motivation, health-promoting lifestyles, and their relationship among UIA patients. This study employed latent profile analysis (LPA) to identify latent profiles among UIA patients. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare differences in general demographic data and disease-related scores across latent profiles. Chi-square tests and Fisher’s exact test were used for categorical variables. Pearson correlation analysis was used to examine the relationship between protection motivation and health-promoting behaviors. Multinomial logistic regression was used to investigate the factors influencing these latent profiles. Results: The results of this study showed that the total score for health behavior protection motivation among UIA patients was (81.96 ± 15.41) points, and the total score for health behavior promotion was (126.83 ± 30.78) points. The total score for health behavior protection motivation was positively correlated with the total scores of the HPLP-II and the HPLP-II ( r = 0.73, p < 0.001),and the total scores of each dimension were positively correlated with the total score for health behavior promotion ( p < 0.001). One-way ANOVA revealed significant differences in HPLP-II total scores across the three latent profiles ( F (2, 297) = 136.459, p < 0.001). Chi-square tests showed significant differences in educational level, sleep quality, smoking, alcohol consumption, and comorbid chronic diseases across the three groups ( χ ² = 7.693–60.171, df = 2–4, all p < 0.05). This study identified three latent profiles of protective motivation: the low protective motivation group (21.0%), the moderate protective motivation group (53.0%), and the high protective motivation group (26.0%). Multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that educational level (OR = 6.997, 95% CI: 2.053–23.850), sleep quality (OR = 5.069, 95% CI: 1.644–15.626), and HPLP-II total score (OR = 1.078, 95% CI: 1.051–1.105) were facilitators for the moderate group, while smoking (OR = 0.357, 95% CI: 0.138–0.928) and alcohol consumption (OR = 0.103, 95% CI: 0.053–0.201) were barriers. For the high group, educational level (OR = 8.010, 95% CI: 1.855–34.597) and HPLP-II total score (OR = 1.147, 95% CI: 1.113–1.183) were facilitators, while alcohol consumption (OR = 0.101, 95% CI: 0.047–0.218) was a barrier. Conclusion: The total scores for health behavior protection and motivation, and the total HPLP-II scores, among UIA patients were generally moderate. Furthermore, health behavior protection motivation exhibited heterogeneity and could be classified into three distinct latent profiles. Clinically, personalized intervention plans can be developed based on the characteristics and latent profiles of patients, with the aim of enhancing patients’ levels of health behavior protection motivation, improving health-promoting behaviors, reducing the risk of aneurysm rupture, and improving long-term disease prognosis.

Scan-related distress is common in patients with advanced cancer. Young and middle-aged Chinese patients influenced by Confucian culture and identity stage