This study evaluated the attitudes of dental professionals and patients regarding the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in dental practice. A survey was

Introduction: Eruption of central incisors occurs at a time when the mixed dentition starts to develop and their impaction is mostly a severe esthetic problem. Aim: Our aim was to assess the frequency of impaction of an upper central incisor and to analyse the factors which affect the successful outcome and the protocols for orthodontic treatment in cases of impacted upper central incisors. Materials and methods: In the present study, we used all medical records of 651 patients treated in our private practice over the last 3 years and also the medical records of 18 patients we diagnosed and treated for this problem over the last 8 years. Results: We found the ratio of impacted upper central incisors to be 1.4% as there were more male than female patients affected. There were 2.8% male patients and 0.7% female patients. The most frequent cause of impaction of the upper central incisor was the presence of mesiodentes and supernumerary teeth (55.5%), followed by presence of follicular cysts (44.4%) and odontoma collections (22.2%) or a combination of these.Several approaches have been used in treating the different positions of impacted incisors. It is necessary first to rotate the axle of the incisor and assure its root full bone coverage. We used directly TPA for support. In other patients, we waited for the spontaneous eruption after removal of the etiological factor and in another patient, we used conventional fixed techniques. Conclusions: It is important that dental doctors should monitor the formation of the dentition so that they detect the impacted tooth early in its development.

Supernumerary teeth can have normal or abnormal morphologic structure and characteristics, and their impacted form is diagnosed usually during X‐ray examinations. In this case report, the presented patient is a 16‐year‐old female with anterior and right posterior open bite and bilateral posterior crossbite, upper right supernumerary paramolar, and impacted second and third molars. The paramolar development was the reason for the asymmetric growth of the alveolar bone in the upper jaw. The development of the bone is connected with the development of the teeth, and one additional tooth leads to extensive development in the maxilla. There is a risk of gingival recession occurrence when leveling the lower incisors due to the thin gingival biotype. A combined surgical‐orthodontic treatment was done according to the following plan: extraction of supernumerary paramolar, germectomy of the upper right third molar (18) and at the same time periodontal graft in the lower anterior segment. A digitally three‐dimensional (3D) printed appliance for rapid maxillary expansion was used for the transverse insufficiency of the upper jaw. The upper dental arch expander was designed with distal extension in the area of the upper right second molar (17). The extension was used as an anchorage during the orthodontic traction of the second molar. The treatment continued with a fixed orthodontic appliance—braces in the upper and lower jaw. With the extraction of the impacted and supernumerary teeth in the right maxillary segment, the eruption of 17 was stimulated and a change in the height of the alveolar bone was achieved. This favored the vertical changes and normalization of the occlusion. The maxillary expansion was also a significant factor in normalizing the occlusion. Observations on paramolar behavior showed that more often they develop in the bone and do not erupt. Each clinical case is highly individual, and patients seek orthodontic treatment at different stages of dentition development and corresponding development of the supernumerary teeth.

In interceptive treatments in which impacted teeth (incisor or first permanent molar) should be included into the dental arch, the main clinical problem is the provision of an anchorage area and a suitable appliance. The use of a laser-sintered metal orthodontic printed dento-alveolar anchorage (PDaA), designed and printed digitally, has expanded the boundaries of orthodontic treatment, especially in its interceptive phase. Our aim is to describe a laser-sintered metal appliance to provide anchorage during orthodontic surgical traction of impacted teeth in the mixed dentition period. The presented clinical cases were treated with digitally projected and printed metal PDaA. In the described clinical cases, individually designed anchorage systems were used. They were created through design software and, after that, the metal appliances were printed. The devices were placed in the oral area and did not disturb the aesthetics of the patient. The advantages of individual designed metal PDaA allow the accommodation of the morphology of the hard palate and alveolar bone. This makes the PDaA comfortable for the patient and rigid enough to perform orthodontic traction at the same time. The PDaA is applicable in mixed dentition and, in complicated clinical cases, in permanent dentition. Their individuality allows for segmental treatments or treatments in cases requiring additional anchorage further away from the active force.

Background: Compound odontoma (CpOD) develops tooth germ-like structures but often lacks complete differentiation. Some authors recognize the compound odontoma as supernumerary teeth. Objective: This study aimed to present the analysis of orthodontic problems and radiological findings in three clinical cases of patients with complex odontoma. Case Presentation: The present three clinical cases of patients (two females and a male), aged from 14 to 25 years, had compound odontoma, which was confirmed through their radiological findings. Patients did not report symptoms associated with pain and discomfort in the area or genetic predisposition in the family. Orthodontists examined each clinical case with its individual problems and solutions. The findings were localized in the canine region, in 2 of the cases in the upper jaw and one in the lower. Only one patient with localization of the problem in the lower jaw had no disturbance in the eruption of the teeth in the affected dental arch, while in two patients with localization of the problem in the upper jaw, retention of permanent canines was found. In all three cases of the odontoma, there was one tooth with the reverse direction of the crown root. In one case, a supernumerary tooth near the odontoma was also observed. In all of the presented cases involving compound odontoma, there was one main well-formed and developed tooth, around which the other tooth-like structures were located, usually with a conical shape. Conclusion: CBCT contributes to establishing an accurate and detailed morphological characterization of the fundamental structures (teeth) in the odontoma.

In recent years, digital technologies have entered every field of dentistry, allowing the practice to adapt to new and alternative diagnostic and treatment approaches. Every day in the clinical practice, cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) examinations are used. This modality is applicable in every phase of orthodontic or surgical dental or maxillofacial work, from diagnosis, treatment planning, design and fabrication of orthodontic appliances, patient records, growth prognosis, prediction of treatment outcomes etc. In orthodontics particularly, a large spectrum of CBCT studies find their role, in particular - CBCT of the whole skull, which allows a number of analyses and evaluations that cannot be performed on smaller volume images and CBCT of separately one or two jaws. Nowadays, the accessibility to the CBCT examinations is facilitated - almost every X-ray laboratory has a CBCT machine, and there are dozens of software for processing and editing readily available, even with free license. The CBCT and its extremely wide range of applications make it paramount in the orthodontics workflow.