Zahraa Wajih Alsafwani

Ms. Zahraa Wajih Alsafwani

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Research Focus & Metrics

Academic Career Length

2Years (2025-Present)

(Calculated once Scilit publication data is synced: current year − year of first publication + 1)

Representative Publications

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15 May 2025 in Journal of Clinical Investigation
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Journal Article
Open access
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MAMuthamil Iniyan Appadurai
Muthamil Iniyan Appadurai
SCSanjib Chaudhary
Sanjib Chaudhary
ASAshu Shah
Ashu Shah
GNGopalakrishnan Natarajan
Gopalakrishnan Natarajan
ZAZahraa Wajih Alsafwani
Zahraa Wajih Alsafwani
ILImayavaramban Lakshmanan
Imayavaramban Lakshmanan
Glycosylation controls immune evasion, tumor progression, and metastasis. However, how tumor cell sialylation regulates immune evasion remains poorly characterized. ST6GalNAc-I, a sialyltransferase that conjugates sialic acid to the glycans in glycoproteins, was overexpressed in an aggressive-type KPA ( Kras G12D/+ Trp53 R172H/+ Ad-Cre ) lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) model and patient samples. Proteomic and biochemical analysis indicated that ST6GalNAc-I mediated NECTIN2 sialylation in LUAD cells. ST6GalNAc-I–deficient tumor cells cocultured with T cells were more susceptible to T cell–mediated tumor cell killing, indicating a key role for NECTIN2 in T cell dysfunction. Mice injected with St6galnac-I–knockdown syngeneic cells showed reduced lung tumor incidence and Nectin2/Tigit-associated immunosuppression. ST6GalNAc-I–deficient cells exhibited reduced P-DMEA metabolite levels, while administration of P-DMEA promoted LUAD cell proliferation via MUC5AC. MUC5AC interacted and colocalized with PRRC1 in the Golgi, suggesting a potential role for PRRC1 in MUC5AC glycosylation. Mice injected with ST6GalNAc-I/MUC5AC-deficient cells (human LUAD) exhibited reduced lung tumor incidence, angiogenesis, and liver metastases. Mechanistically, ST6GalNAc-I/MUC5AC regulates VCAN-V1, a key factor in tumor matrix remodeling during angiogenesis and metastasis. These findings demonstrate that ST6GalNAc-I–mediated sialylation of NECTIN2/MUC5AC is critical for immune evasion and tumor angiogenesis. Targeting this pathway may prevent LUAD development and/or metastasis.