Agile Product Line Engineering (APLE), a relatively new approach combining the two successful methods of Agile Software Development (ASD) and Software Product Lines (SPLs), makes product lines more responsive to ever-changing customer needs or market changes. However, SPLs often fail to keep up with market demand due to high coordination costs, slow development processes, and long release cycles in the case of frequent changes in business requirements; in agile software projects, the lack of a unified specification for describing requirements leads to high coordination costs and inconvenient requirement management. Some studies in the literature have proposed optimized approaches to integrate ASD and SPLs, but they still have not covered all aspects of APLE’s characteristics, and software resource reuse is rarely considered in these approaches during product line development. In view of this, we propose a collaborative framework of agile product line engineering for software resource reuse, namely ScrumOntoSPL. The ScrumOntoSPL approach efficiently merges ASD and SPL based on the agile method Scrum, SPL architecture, and ontology technology. In ScrumOntoSPL, uniform requirement specification is constructed by utilizing ontology, and the Matching Requirement with Component (MRC) process is designed to match product new requirements and software resources stored in a resource pool. In addition, we evaluated the proposed framework and approach with CMMI. In the end, a case study of a software development tool called IMC-Tool based on ScrumOntoSPL for a universal Instrument Microcontroller Chip (IMC) is discussed. The IMC-Tool case illustrates that the ScrumOntoSPL has the advantages of dynamically managing demand changes, enhancing software resource reuse, reducing coordination costs, and reducing time to market.