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The cost appraisal represents the second target of the process of evaluation of maintenance, refurbishment and adjustment intervention on existing healthcare buildings and facilities. In this approach, cost valuation depends on the QRA procedure’s output. The methodology for cost estimation of intervention is based on two steps: (a) selection of a cluster of previous interventions similar to subject; (b) data elaboration to establish similarity between interventions that have occurred on buildings and interventions to be carried out on the subject, as described by a QRA procedure application. A collection of technical and economic data concerning interventions already completed in healthcare facilities is needed to activate the cost-evaluation procedure.
Raul Berto; Paolo Rosato; Carlo Antonio Stival. The Valuation of Upgrade Costs on Healthcare Buildings. Technical and Economic Valuation of Healthcare Building Upgrade 2021, 37 -55.
AMA StyleRaul Berto, Paolo Rosato, Carlo Antonio Stival. The Valuation of Upgrade Costs on Healthcare Buildings. Technical and Economic Valuation of Healthcare Building Upgrade. 2021; ():37-55.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRaul Berto; Paolo Rosato; Carlo Antonio Stival. 2021. "The Valuation of Upgrade Costs on Healthcare Buildings." Technical and Economic Valuation of Healthcare Building Upgrade , no. : 37-55.
In this chapter, an overview of the research is provided. The construction cost for a building can be estimated through a synthetic-comparative approach, useful for the determination of the budget when a detailed project is not yet available. Budget determination can refer to a multi-year plan for the modernization of a built asset, its seismic retrofit, or energy-performance improvement. Based on Jevons’s law of indifference, stating that two identical goods—in a given market and in a given moment—have an identical value, this research examines applying it to inhomogeneous and complex assets, in this case healthcare facilities. Once costs of interventions, already performed on existing assets, are known, it is possible to compare the value of assets with similar features that express modernization or adjustment needs for an adequate building upgrade.
Raul Berto; Paolo Rosato; Carlo Antonio Stival. Introduction. Technical and Economic Valuation of Healthcare Building Upgrade 2021, 1 -6.
AMA StyleRaul Berto, Paolo Rosato, Carlo Antonio Stival. Introduction. Technical and Economic Valuation of Healthcare Building Upgrade. 2021; ():1-6.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRaul Berto; Paolo Rosato; Carlo Antonio Stival. 2021. "Introduction." Technical and Economic Valuation of Healthcare Building Upgrade , no. : 1-6.
This chapter describes how to activate the QRA procedure for the technical assessment of existing healthcare buildings and facilities and subsequent valuation for intervention cost appraisal. We describe a dataset framework (Occurred Intervention Database, OID) for the collection of relevant information on refurbishment, extraordinary maintenance and adjustment interventions already carried out on existing healthcare buildings and facilities. Each intervention registered in OID is scheduled according to four sections, reporting relevant data about: the health facility; the building subject to intervention; the scope of the intervention; and the categories of construction work involved, respectively.
Raul Berto; Paolo Rosato; Carlo Antonio Stival. Data Management for Cost Valuation. Technical and Economic Valuation of Healthcare Building Upgrade 2021, 57 -65.
AMA StyleRaul Berto, Paolo Rosato, Carlo Antonio Stival. Data Management for Cost Valuation. Technical and Economic Valuation of Healthcare Building Upgrade. 2021; ():57-65.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRaul Berto; Paolo Rosato; Carlo Antonio Stival. 2021. "Data Management for Cost Valuation." Technical and Economic Valuation of Healthcare Building Upgrade , no. : 57-65.
In this chapter, an application of the methodology for technical assessment and cost valuation is reported. First, a general overview of the interventions that occurred in the existing healthcare facilities is provided to describe the quality of information provided. Then, the case study is Pavilion No. 7 belonging to the ‘Santa Maria della Misericordia’ Hospital in Udine; this building has been identified as an evaluation subject as part of the action promoted by the Friuli–Venezia Giulia Region that aims to identify critical issues affecting healthcare facilities and to calibrate a methodology to prepare financial plans for intervention. The description of the application of the methodology reports the data necessary to perform a QRA procedure and shows how economic valuation has been conducted. A brief discussion of results is provided along with the application and as a concluding remark.
Raul Berto; Paolo Rosato; Carlo Antonio Stival. An Experimental Application of the Procedure. Technical and Economic Valuation of Healthcare Building Upgrade 2021, 67 -80.
AMA StyleRaul Berto, Paolo Rosato, Carlo Antonio Stival. An Experimental Application of the Procedure. Technical and Economic Valuation of Healthcare Building Upgrade. 2021; ():67-80.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRaul Berto; Paolo Rosato; Carlo Antonio Stival. 2021. "An Experimental Application of the Procedure." Technical and Economic Valuation of Healthcare Building Upgrade , no. : 67-80.
Evaluation of performances in existing healthcare facilities requires a reliable methodology to define the refurbishment and adjustment needs for a building upgrade. In particular, the investigation of healthcare buildings is considered a challenging task for performance assessment due to activity layout, special plants and coexistence of operative areas requiring diverse levels of safety. Here is proposed a methodology for a Quick Requirement Assessment (QRA procedure) that, using a dataset derived by documental and in situ surveys, enables assessing the actual performance of an asset. This brief preventive screening, based on codified standard interventions, verifies compliance with current regulations and provides data outputs directly usable for the cost valuation of intervention needed.
Raul Berto; Paolo Rosato; Carlo Antonio Stival. Quick Requirement Assessment of Healthcare Buildings. Technical and Economic Valuation of Healthcare Building Upgrade 2021, 7 -36.
AMA StyleRaul Berto, Paolo Rosato, Carlo Antonio Stival. Quick Requirement Assessment of Healthcare Buildings. Technical and Economic Valuation of Healthcare Building Upgrade. 2021; ():7-36.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRaul Berto; Paolo Rosato; Carlo Antonio Stival. 2021. "Quick Requirement Assessment of Healthcare Buildings." Technical and Economic Valuation of Healthcare Building Upgrade , no. : 7-36.
Raul Berto; Paolo Rosato; Carlo Antonio Stival. Concluding Remarks. Technical and Economic Valuation of Healthcare Building Upgrade 2021, 81 -82.
AMA StyleRaul Berto, Paolo Rosato, Carlo Antonio Stival. Concluding Remarks. Technical and Economic Valuation of Healthcare Building Upgrade. 2021; ():81-82.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRaul Berto; Paolo Rosato; Carlo Antonio Stival. 2021. "Concluding Remarks." Technical and Economic Valuation of Healthcare Building Upgrade , no. : 81-82.
This paper focuses on the valuation of refurbishment costs for healthcare facilities. The determination of the more reliable approach for experimental verification is a research topic of great interest, especially because previous literature on the matter is limited. This study examines ex-ante cost valuations in the refurbishment of healthcare buildings while using similarity to estimate the costs that are based on the amount of already accomplished renovations. The methodology involved a desk analysis deter-mining the technical valuation of intervention needs, and similarity coefficient applications providing a refurbishment cost valuation. The application was conducted in the Friuli—Venezia Giulia Region in Italy, where hospitals show structural, layout, and plants deficits with respect to current regulations, and a technical deepening to identify critical issues is required to prepare a multi-year intervention plan. The case study results showed that this procedure requires little initial information to run analyses and its application can support investment budget planning purposes.
Raul Berto; Carlo Stival; Paolo Rosato. An Integrated Procedure for Ex-Ante Evaluations of Refurbishment Costs in Healthcare Facilities. Sustainability 2020, 12, 7387 .
AMA StyleRaul Berto, Carlo Stival, Paolo Rosato. An Integrated Procedure for Ex-Ante Evaluations of Refurbishment Costs in Healthcare Facilities. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (18):7387.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRaul Berto; Carlo Stival; Paolo Rosato. 2020. "An Integrated Procedure for Ex-Ante Evaluations of Refurbishment Costs in Healthcare Facilities." Sustainability 12, no. 18: 7387.
In the marginal areas of the Alps, there is a huge built heritage expressed by local communities, resulting in an architectural model that is sustainable in terms of its material use, resource exploitation, and landscape coherence. Although buildings in these small settlements have been largely protected from transformation, currently this heritage is largely underused. Thus, it is desirable to consider reuse and enhancement actions that can combine both economic viability and the protection of historic, cultural and architectural values. This paper presents a multi-attribute model for the evaluation of sustainability in reuse projects concerning traditional buildings in the Italian Alpine settlements. For the appraisal of sustainability, the model uses relevant parameters aggregated into three macro-indicators. The model was calibrated by an expert panel and tested on reuse projects in Sauris, in north-eastern Italy, where residential building type is characterized by specific techniques that are expressions of community traditions. The main results show that the attributes aggregation function is predominantly andness in all nodes. A short range in sustainability assessment is a predictable result, as the buildings used for the model’s application give a common judgment in some attributes. Finally, activities for widespread hospitality generate a greater expected return compared to commercial services.
Carlo Antonio Stival; Raul Berto; Pierluigi Morano; Paolo Rosato. Reuse of Vernacular Architecture in Minor Alpine Settlements: A Multi-Attribute Model for Sustainability Appraisal. Sustainability 2020, 12, 6562 .
AMA StyleCarlo Antonio Stival, Raul Berto, Pierluigi Morano, Paolo Rosato. Reuse of Vernacular Architecture in Minor Alpine Settlements: A Multi-Attribute Model for Sustainability Appraisal. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (16):6562.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarlo Antonio Stival; Raul Berto; Pierluigi Morano; Paolo Rosato. 2020. "Reuse of Vernacular Architecture in Minor Alpine Settlements: A Multi-Attribute Model for Sustainability Appraisal." Sustainability 12, no. 16: 6562.
Social housing constitutes a partial response to the demand for affordable housing. In Europe, there are different forms of social housing, which are distinguishable based on whether they employ a universal or residual approach. The latter is employed by Italian initiatives for social residential construction, the financial instrument of which is the Investment Fund for Housing, a closed-end fund managed by CDP (Cassa Depositi e Prestiti) Investment, which provides public–private partnerships. The main obstacle to the supply of low-cost houses is the high cost of building areas or, in other words, the high urban land rent. The value of building areas is particularly high in urban areas and in widespread settlement areas, for instance, in Northeastern Italy. The main objective of this paper is to identify the trade-off between urban land rent and housing affordability in a social housing intervention in Pordenone (Northeastern Italy). Four different scenarios are developed, the variables of which are: Cost of the area (urban rent), cost of construction works (quality of the buildings), and household income distribution. The results show that achieving the economic and social objectives of a social housing investment simultaneously is not possible in any of the scenarios evaluated. To allow the social groups most in need to access affordable housing would require a reduction of approximately 30% of the estimated cost of a building area.
Raul Berto; Giovanni Cechet; Carlo Antonio Stival; Paolo Rosato. Affordable Housing vs. Urban Land Rent in Widespread Settlement Areas. Sustainability 2020, 12, 3129 .
AMA StyleRaul Berto, Giovanni Cechet, Carlo Antonio Stival, Paolo Rosato. Affordable Housing vs. Urban Land Rent in Widespread Settlement Areas. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (8):3129.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRaul Berto; Giovanni Cechet; Carlo Antonio Stival; Paolo Rosato. 2020. "Affordable Housing vs. Urban Land Rent in Widespread Settlement Areas." Sustainability 12, no. 8: 3129.
Green roofs represent a suitable option for industrial buildings refurbishment, providing private and social benefits. Nowadays, in Italy green roof technology is still uncommon, because of high installation cost that drives the choice towards more traditional performing solutions, such as cool roofs (CRs). Thus, a thorough valuation of green roofs benefits in urban contexts is required to encourage their diffusion. This paper aims to valuate private and social costs and benefits generated by extensive green roofs (EGRs) compared with cool roofs in three Italian cities: Trieste, Ancona and Palermo. These contexts are characterized by different Mediterranean climate conditions (North, Centre and South Italy); moreover, residential areas overlooking industrial settlements take place in each of them, so it is possible to hypothesize a potential enhancement of landscape value in these properties, allowing to compare aesthetic benefits due to green roofs upon industrial buildings. The study has been based on literature review and on simulation of energy performances of EGR and CR alternatively considered as refurbishment solution for a reference industrial building taking place in each industrial settlement. For the social side, the externalities deriving from EGRs and CRs, such as aesthetic enhancement, biodiversity preservation and natural habitat provision, carbon reduction, air quality improvement, stormwater control, have been monetized according to available data for the cases of study. The analysis demonstrates that a private investor has a poor convenience to implement EGR rather than CR. On the other, a positive Net Present Value (NPV) derives from social cost-benefit analysis comparing EGR and CR, due to the EGR positive externalities. The valuation of the positive externalities let the calculation of economic incentives amount to promote the diffusion of green roofs in the Mediterranean area. On this basis, an annual reduction of local property tax has been considered as incentive form. Further, a sensitivity analysis with Monte Carlo simulation of both private and social benefits evaluation has been performed for each of three case studies. This technique properly evaluates the final effects on private investments in the presence of random unpredictable variables, depending either on climate conditions or on market observation, that influence their economic affordability. Finally, through the comparison of the three contexts, an overall discussion about of the influence of climate and urban conditions on the economic analysis has been conducted.
Raul Berto; Carlo Antonio Stival; Paolo Rosato. The Valuation of Public and Private Benefits of Green Roof Retrofit in Different Climate Conditions. Smart and Sustainable Planning for Cities and Regions 2019, 145 -166.
AMA StyleRaul Berto, Carlo Antonio Stival, Paolo Rosato. The Valuation of Public and Private Benefits of Green Roof Retrofit in Different Climate Conditions. Smart and Sustainable Planning for Cities and Regions. 2019; ():145-166.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRaul Berto; Carlo Antonio Stival; Paolo Rosato. 2019. "The Valuation of Public and Private Benefits of Green Roof Retrofit in Different Climate Conditions." Smart and Sustainable Planning for Cities and Regions , no. : 145-166.
The renovation and requalification of existing building stock and the exploitation of renewable energy sources are considered key actions in the European Energy Roadmap to 2050. In this scope, a noticeable potential application is represented by urban constrained built heritage, whose rehabilitation can be considered both as a strategy for its conservation and an enhancement of competitiveness for a sustainable city. The proposed research evaluates the potential of scalable retrofit strategies in existing buildings through the exploitation of on-site renewable energy sources available in urban waterfront. The methodology starts with the collection of data concerning environmental and climate conditions, predictable building energy demand for heating and cooling services, and timescales of available on-site renewable energy sources. The approach has been tested by the development of a detailed building energy model (BEM) for a constrained building in the urban waterfront of Trieste, in Northeastern Italy; the building construction dates back to the early 1980s and it is located in a valuable historical and cultural context. According to the preliminary rehabilitation proposal by Trieste Municipality, a baseline energetic model has been carried out to evaluate and optimize retrofit strategies for building envelope and energy systems, including renewable energy source exploitation. The study considers particularly hydrothermal energy stored in sea basin that could play a significant role in urban waterfronts contexts. The main results show that the most effective adaptation strategies are characterized by key factors such as envelope thermal inertia in reducing heating and cooling demand in middle seasons, thermal effects of roof greening, and the combination of plants that exploit several discontinuous renewable sources and accumulation systems, such as photovoltaic systems and sea hydrothermal energy. This paper looks at a strategic vision that focuses the need to manage plant systems through advanced commissioning or by developing an integrated smart thermal grid. This research is embedded in a pilot project concerning the development of a low-temperature thermal grid in the waterfront of the old town of Trieste.
Nicola Strazza; Piero Sdrigotti; Carlo Antonio Stival; Raul Berto. Evaluating Deep Retrofit Strategies for Buildings in Urban Waterfronts. Seaside Building Design: Principles and Practice 2018, 391 -403.
AMA StyleNicola Strazza, Piero Sdrigotti, Carlo Antonio Stival, Raul Berto. Evaluating Deep Retrofit Strategies for Buildings in Urban Waterfronts. Seaside Building Design: Principles and Practice. 2018; ():391-403.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNicola Strazza; Piero Sdrigotti; Carlo Antonio Stival; Raul Berto. 2018. "Evaluating Deep Retrofit Strategies for Buildings in Urban Waterfronts." Seaside Building Design: Principles and Practice , no. : 391-403.
Raul Berto; Carlo Antonio Stival; Paolo Rosato. Enhancing the environmental performance of industrial settlements: An economic evaluation of extensive green roof competitiveness. Building and Environment 2018, 127, 58 -68.
AMA StyleRaul Berto, Carlo Antonio Stival, Paolo Rosato. Enhancing the environmental performance of industrial settlements: An economic evaluation of extensive green roof competitiveness. Building and Environment. 2018; 127 ():58-68.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRaul Berto; Carlo Antonio Stival; Paolo Rosato. 2018. "Enhancing the environmental performance of industrial settlements: An economic evaluation of extensive green roof competitiveness." Building and Environment 127, no. : 58-68.
The Hedonic Pricing Method is one of the principal assessment methods for evaluating services and resources not normally exchanged on the market. However, the method is often unable to account for the great variety of qualities in an urban context and faces scarce and heterogeneous market data. This paper presents a model for the valuation of benefits generated by environmental and urban improvement investments adopting a mixed hedonic-multi-attribute procedure for modeling a value function of urban real estate values. The peculiarity of the model is that the independent variables are aggregated indicators, which synthetize more detailed characteristics. Using the expertise of real estate agents, all relevant variables influencing real estate values were weighted and synthetized in a set of cardinal indicators. Next, market prices were used to calibrate a hedonic function that transforms the cardinal indicators into real estate values. The valuation model was integrated into a GIS for mapping the housing value, and its variation induced by urban investment. The proposed model pointed out plausible and robust results, in particular, the possibility to use any available information, such as location, position, technical and economic characteristics of buildings, and organize it in a flexible and transparent way, and to keep evident the role of each characteristic through the hierarchical structure of the model. The model was applied to the real estate market of Venice to test the effects of the MOSE project (Electromechanical Experimental Module) for the protection of Venice from high tides. The results of the application showed a relevant increase in real estate values in the center of Venice, especially related to property in ground floor units, of about 1.4 billion €.
Paolo Rosato; Margaretha Breil; Carlo Giupponi; Raul Berto. Assessing the Impact of Urban Improvement on Housing Values: A Hedonic Pricing and Multi-Attribute Analysis Model for the Historic Centre of Venice. Buildings 2017, 7, 112 .
AMA StylePaolo Rosato, Margaretha Breil, Carlo Giupponi, Raul Berto. Assessing the Impact of Urban Improvement on Housing Values: A Hedonic Pricing and Multi-Attribute Analysis Model for the Historic Centre of Venice. Buildings. 2017; 7 (4):112.
Chicago/Turabian StylePaolo Rosato; Margaretha Breil; Carlo Giupponi; Raul Berto. 2017. "Assessing the Impact of Urban Improvement on Housing Values: A Hedonic Pricing and Multi-Attribute Analysis Model for the Historic Centre of Venice." Buildings 7, no. 4: 112.