Containment, prevention and elimination of infectious disease is the state duty for citizens. Development of the National Immunization Calendar as well as challenges in preventive vaccination system both are significant investment into the future. Advantages of vaccination are not limited only by infection diseases control. Experts of World Health Organization recognize positive influence of immunization on economic. Vaccines give unprecedented opportunities on alleviation of human sufferings but it can be possible only due to perfect work of immunization calendar. It is necessary to estimate our National Immunization Calendar alongside with suggested by World Health Organization and professional associations plans. It is essential to estimate experience and facilities of modern vaccinology. This entailed the optimal preventive vaccination schedule, which can be implemented in the structure of existing national calendar.
The Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation jointly with professional association and experts in the field of pediatrics, infectious diseases and resuscitation has revised guidelines “Clinical Features and Management of the Disease Caused by New Coronaviral Infection (COVID-19) in Children” in order to provide the child population with effective medical care during the pandemic of the new coronaviral infection. The practical experience of specialists from various countries was considered during the development of this document. Special attention should be given to the evidence base of the presented data, as well as to the efficiency and safety issues of medications used in treatment of coronaviral infection and its complications. The authors highlight the problems of prevention, diagnostics and management of pathological conditions caused by COVID-19 in the article according to the presented guidelines. Patient’s management is presented depending on the age and severity of the disease itself. The therapy is considered with regard to etiological, pathogenetic and symptom focus.
Pneumococcal infection remains one of the leading reasons for infant mortality from vaccine-preventable infections. Today vaccination is the most effective way to prevent diseases caused by antibiotic-resistant pneumococci. In the article, authors present current approaches to vaccinal prevention of pneumococcal diseases. The plan of action for carrying out active immunoprophylaxis of pneumococcal infection is explained in detail for both healthy children and patients from risk groups for severe pneumococcal diseases development. The published work is based on key points of the guidelines of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation on vaccinal prevention of pneumococcal infection (developed and approved by the professional association of pediatricians «The Union of Pediatricians of Russia»).