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Dr. Lidia Caporossi
INAIL Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene

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0 Occupactional health Environmental Protection and Health
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Review
Published: 11 January 2021 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Endometriosis is a gynecological disorder characterized by the presence of endometrial stroma and glands outside the uterine cavity. A systematic review of the literature was conducted to clarify, starting from environmental exposure data, whether possible occupational risk factors may correlate with the onset of the disease. The guidelines for reporting systematic reviews of the “PRISMA” statement were followed and two databases, Scopus and PubMed, were used. Of the 422 studies selected with specific keywords, 32 publications were eligible, 28 of which referred to chemical agents and 4 related to night work. Conflicting data emerged among these studies. Although some compounds seemed to be more involved than others in the onset of endometriosis. Association with exposure to organochlorine compounds is the most supported by the epidemiological data, while other pesticide exposure did not show any clear correlation. Likewise, the hypothesis of a correlation with perfluoroalkyls exposure is not currently supported by data. The involvement of metals as risk factors has not been confirmed, while the role of night work, in the case of long service, seems to play an etiological role. In order to clarify the potential occupational risk of endometriosis development, well-designed studies are needed to evaluate the potential association between chemical compounds and disease etiology.

ACS Style

Lidia Caporossi; Silvia Capanna; Paola Viganò; Alessandra Alteri; Bruno Papaleo. From Environmental to Possible Occupational Exposure to Risk Factors: What Role Do They Play in the Etiology of Endometriosis? International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 532 .

AMA Style

Lidia Caporossi, Silvia Capanna, Paola Viganò, Alessandra Alteri, Bruno Papaleo. From Environmental to Possible Occupational Exposure to Risk Factors: What Role Do They Play in the Etiology of Endometriosis? International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (2):532.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lidia Caporossi; Silvia Capanna; Paola Viganò; Alessandra Alteri; Bruno Papaleo. 2021. "From Environmental to Possible Occupational Exposure to Risk Factors: What Role Do They Play in the Etiology of Endometriosis?" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 2: 532.

Journal article
Published: 31 December 2020 in Journal of Diabetes and Clinical Research
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ACS Style

Lidia Caporossi; Mariangela De Rosa; Bruno Papaleo. Short Update on Bisphenol A Exposure and Type 2 Diabetes: Focus on Workers. Journal of Diabetes and Clinical Research 2020, 2, 1 .

AMA Style

Lidia Caporossi, Mariangela De Rosa, Bruno Papaleo. Short Update on Bisphenol A Exposure and Type 2 Diabetes: Focus on Workers. Journal of Diabetes and Clinical Research. 2020; 2 (4):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lidia Caporossi; Mariangela De Rosa; Bruno Papaleo. 2020. "Short Update on Bisphenol A Exposure and Type 2 Diabetes: Focus on Workers." Journal of Diabetes and Clinical Research 2, no. 4: 1.

Journal article
Published: 13 January 2020 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Among the possible risk factors for male reproduction, exposure to phthalates and alkylphenols is widely documented. This study evaluated the possible association between chemical exposure and the quality of the seminal fluid of 105 subjects in a fertility clinic. The urinary levels of seven phthalate metabolites (monoethylphthalate, MEP; monobenzylphthalate, MBzP; mono n-butylphthalate, MnBP; mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, MEHP; mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate, MEHHP; mono-n-octylphthalate, MnOP; mono-isononylphthalate, MiNP) and bisphenol A (BPA), were analysed by high performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry HPLC/MS/MS. The regression analysis showed that the semen volume was positively associated with MnBP, MnOP and BPA levels while was negatively associated with MiNP levels. The sperm concentration had a significant inverse relationship with MEP levels. A negative association was found between the use of plastic containers for food storage (p = 0.037) and semen volume (3.06 vs. 2.30 mL as average values, never vs daily). A significant positive correlation emerged (p < 0.005) between the consumption of canned food and the levels of BPA (2.81 vs. 0.14 µg/g creat as average values, daily vs. never) and between the use of perfumes and levels of MEP (389.86 vs. 48.68 µg/g creat, as average values, daily vs. never). No further statistically significant associations were found, even considering the working activity. Some evidence emerged about the possible link between exposure and seminal fluid quality: further case/control or prospective studies will allow us to confirm this causality hypothesis.

ACS Style

Lidia Caporossi; Alessandra Alteri; Giovanni Campo; Enrico Paci; Giovanna Tranfo; Silvia Capanna; Enrico Papaleo; Daniela Pigini; Paola Viganò; Bruno Papaleo. Cross Sectional Study on Exposure to BPA and Phthalates and Semen Parameters in Men Attending a Fertility Center. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 489 .

AMA Style

Lidia Caporossi, Alessandra Alteri, Giovanni Campo, Enrico Paci, Giovanna Tranfo, Silvia Capanna, Enrico Papaleo, Daniela Pigini, Paola Viganò, Bruno Papaleo. Cross Sectional Study on Exposure to BPA and Phthalates and Semen Parameters in Men Attending a Fertility Center. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (2):489.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lidia Caporossi; Alessandra Alteri; Giovanni Campo; Enrico Paci; Giovanna Tranfo; Silvia Capanna; Enrico Papaleo; Daniela Pigini; Paola Viganò; Bruno Papaleo. 2020. "Cross Sectional Study on Exposure to BPA and Phthalates and Semen Parameters in Men Attending a Fertility Center." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 2: 489.

Journal article
Published: 06 September 2018 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Phthalates are widely used in the industrial manufacture of many products. Some phthalates have shown reproductive toxicity in humans, acting as endocrine disruptors, so they were included in the authorization process defined in Reg. CE 1907/2006 (REACH). Two groups of population were recruited, before and after the inclusion of some phthalates in the authorization list in REACH: the first group of 157 volunteers was studied in 2011 and the second, 171 volunteers, in 2016. Each subject completed a questionnaire about personal lifestyle, working activities and use of chemical products. The main urinary metabolites of five phthalates were analyzed by HPLC/MS/MS: mono(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (MEHP) and mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP) for di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) exposure; monoethylphthalate (MEP) for diethylphtahate (DEP); monobenzylphthalate (MBzP) for butylbenzylphtahalate (BBP) and dibenzylphthalate (DBzP), mono-n-butylphthalate (MnBP) for butylbenzylphtahalate (BBP) and di-n-butylphthalate (DnBP). The results show a significant difference for all metabolites between the two periods, with the exception of MEP in women. The comparison of the two sets of results shows a decrease in urinary metabolites excretion from 2011 to 2016, statistically significant for the three phthalates included in Annex XIV of REACH. DEP, not currently included in the list for authorization, maintains a constant presence in the daily life of the population, particularly for women.

ACS Style

Giovanna Tranfo; Lidia Caporossi; Daniela Pigini; Silvia Capanna; Bruno Papaleo; Enrico Paci. Temporal Trends of Urinary Phthalate Concentrations in Two Populations: Effects of REACH Authorization after Five Years. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2018, 15, 1950 .

AMA Style

Giovanna Tranfo, Lidia Caporossi, Daniela Pigini, Silvia Capanna, Bruno Papaleo, Enrico Paci. Temporal Trends of Urinary Phthalate Concentrations in Two Populations: Effects of REACH Authorization after Five Years. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2018; 15 (9):1950.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giovanna Tranfo; Lidia Caporossi; Daniela Pigini; Silvia Capanna; Bruno Papaleo; Enrico Paci. 2018. "Temporal Trends of Urinary Phthalate Concentrations in Two Populations: Effects of REACH Authorization after Five Years." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 9: 1950.

Review
Published: 25 August 2017 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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The prevalence of metabolic diseases has markedly increased worldwide during the last few decades. Lifestyle factors (physical activity, energy-dense diets), together with a genetic predisposition, are well known factors in the pathophysiology of health problems. Bisphenol A (BPA) is a chemical compound used for polycarbonate plastics, food containers, epoxy resins coating metallic cans for food and beverage conservation. The ability of BPA to act as an endocrine disruptor—xenoestrogen in particular—is largely documented in literature, with numerous publications of in vivo and in vitro studies as well as epidemiological data on humans. Recently, different researchers studied the involvement of BPA in the development of insulin resistance; evidences in this way showed a potential role in etiology of metabolic disease, both for children and for adults. We review the epidemiological literature in the relation between BPA exposure and the risk of metabolic diseases in adults, with a focus on occupational exposure. Considering published data and the role of occupational physicians in promoting Workers’ Health, specific situations of exposure to BPA in workplace are described, and proposals for action to be taken are suggested. The comparison of the studies showed that exposure levels were higher in workers than in the general population, even if, sometimes, the measurement units used did not permit rapid comprehension. Nevertheless, occupational medicine focus on reproductive effects and not metabolic ones.

ACS Style

Lidia Caporossi; Bruno Papaleo. Bisphenol A and Metabolic Diseases: Challenges for Occupational Medicine. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2017, 14, 959 .

AMA Style

Lidia Caporossi, Bruno Papaleo. Bisphenol A and Metabolic Diseases: Challenges for Occupational Medicine. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2017; 14 (9):959.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lidia Caporossi; Bruno Papaleo. 2017. "Bisphenol A and Metabolic Diseases: Challenges for Occupational Medicine." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 14, no. 9: 959.

Journal article
Published: 29 April 2015 in Journal of Xenobiotics
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Bisphenol A (BPA) interacts with the endocrine system and seems to produce different effects in relation to gender. The objective of the study was to clarify the possible health effects of exposure to BPA in relation to gender. A literature search was performed using three different search engines: Medline, PubMed and Scopus. Data on both animals and humans showed that BPA acts as a xenoestrogen and interacts with the androgens’ metabolism, producing different outcomes: uterotropic effects, decreasing sperm production, stimulation of prolactin release. Gender difference plays a key role in understanding the real toxic effects, the BPA serum concentrations were, all the time, higher in male subjects, possibly due to the difference in androgen-related enzyme activity levels, compared with the healthly female subjects, to equal levels of exposure; while higher BPA levels in women have been associated with a variety of conditions including obesity, endometrial hyperplasia, recurrent miscarriages, and polycystic ovarian syndrome. The data collected are sufficiently robust to raise concerns about the potentially deleterious impact of BPA on humans, even with some methodological limitations; the different impact of BPA in men and in women is documented and of a certain interest. In toxicology it is necessary to assess effects in relation to gender differences, in order to set up prevention plans in the work environment targeting the specific risk.

ACS Style

Lidia Caporossi; Bruno Papaleo. Exposure to Bisphenol A and Gender Differences: From Rodents to Humans Evidences and Hypothesis about the Health Effects. Journal of Xenobiotics 2015, 5, 15 -19.

AMA Style

Lidia Caporossi, Bruno Papaleo. Exposure to Bisphenol A and Gender Differences: From Rodents to Humans Evidences and Hypothesis about the Health Effects. Journal of Xenobiotics. 2015; 5 (1):15-19.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lidia Caporossi; Bruno Papaleo. 2015. "Exposure to Bisphenol A and Gender Differences: From Rodents to Humans Evidences and Hypothesis about the Health Effects." Journal of Xenobiotics 5, no. 1: 15-19.

Journal article
Published: 01 July 2013 in International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health
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The main objective of this study was to determine the average concentrations for the metabolites of the four more common phthalates, industrial chemicals widely used in commercial products and potential endocrine disruptors, in the urine of a control population living in Central Italy. The study population consisted of 157 healthy subjects, not occupationally exposed to phthalates (74 males and 83 females). Urinary levels of the analytes were determined by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) with isotopic dilution. The reference values (geometric mean) for males and females were estimated for each metabolite:. Females: for MEP was 72.94μg/g creatinine (CI 95% 3.63-149.51), for MEHP was 3.37μg/g creatinine (CI 95% 1.85-4.89), for MEHHP was 12.74μg/g creatinine (CI 95% 9.45-22.19), for MnBP was 20.26μg/g creatinine (CI 95% 8.17-28.43) and for MBzP was 14.74 (CI 95% 2.94-17.68). Males: for MEP was 56.35μg/g creatinine (CI 95% 2.32-110.39), for MEHP was 2.80μg/g creatinine (CI 95% 1.08-4.52), for MEHHP was 10.77μg/g creatinine (CI 95% 6.18-16.95), for MnBP was 17.59μg/g creatinine (CI 95% 5.72-29.45) and for MBzP was 16.44 (CI 95% 7.90-29.45). To obtain reference values for these chemicals is without doubt an important topic for evaluate the exposure of population and their possible health effects. Information from different geographical areas are important to understand the real different background concentrations.

ACS Style

Giovanna Tranfo; Bruno Papaleo; Lidia Caporossi; Silvia Capanna; Mariangela De Rosa; Daniela Pigini; Federica Corsetti; Enrico Paci. Urinary metabolite concentrations of phthalate metabolites in Central Italy healthy volunteers determined by a validated HPLC/MS/MS analytical method. International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health 2013, 216, 481 -485.

AMA Style

Giovanna Tranfo, Bruno Papaleo, Lidia Caporossi, Silvia Capanna, Mariangela De Rosa, Daniela Pigini, Federica Corsetti, Enrico Paci. Urinary metabolite concentrations of phthalate metabolites in Central Italy healthy volunteers determined by a validated HPLC/MS/MS analytical method. International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health. 2013; 216 (4):481-485.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giovanna Tranfo; Bruno Papaleo; Lidia Caporossi; Silvia Capanna; Mariangela De Rosa; Daniela Pigini; Federica Corsetti; Enrico Paci. 2013. "Urinary metabolite concentrations of phthalate metabolites in Central Italy healthy volunteers determined by a validated HPLC/MS/MS analytical method." International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health 216, no. 4: 481-485.

Journal article
Published: 01 August 2012 in Toxicology Letters
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The widespread use of phthalates results in human exposure: phthalates are rapidly metabolized to their respective monoesters and other oxidative products, which are glucuronidated and excreted through the urine and feces. Several in vivo studies showed that some phthalates, in particular diethyl-hexyl phthalate (DEHP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), di(n-butyl)phthalate (DnBP) and n-butylbenzylphthalate (BBzP), are able to interact with the human endocrine system, interfering with the reproduction ability. In this study, 56 couples were recruited from a centre of assisted reproduction. Spot urine samples were collected and five urinary metabolites of the above phthalates were determined using an HPLC/MS/MS analytical method with isotopic dilution. The results were compared with those of 56 couples of parents of one or more children and the statistical analysis revealed a significant difference between the two groups in terms of urinary concentrations of phthalates metabolites. A further step will be the correlation of these results with information on the life styles and working conditions collected through a specifically designed questionnaire. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved

ACS Style

Giovanna Tranfo; Lidia Caporossi; Enrico Paci; Cesare Aragona; Daniela Romanzi; Caterina De Carolis; Mariangela De Rosa; Silvia Capanna; Bruno Papaleo; Alessandra Pera. Urinary phthalate monoesters concentration in couples with infertility problems. Toxicology Letters 2012, 213, 15 -20.

AMA Style

Giovanna Tranfo, Lidia Caporossi, Enrico Paci, Cesare Aragona, Daniela Romanzi, Caterina De Carolis, Mariangela De Rosa, Silvia Capanna, Bruno Papaleo, Alessandra Pera. Urinary phthalate monoesters concentration in couples with infertility problems. Toxicology Letters. 2012; 213 (1):15-20.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giovanna Tranfo; Lidia Caporossi; Enrico Paci; Cesare Aragona; Daniela Romanzi; Caterina De Carolis; Mariangela De Rosa; Silvia Capanna; Bruno Papaleo; Alessandra Pera. 2012. "Urinary phthalate monoesters concentration in couples with infertility problems." Toxicology Letters 213, no. 1: 15-20.

Original articles
Published: 01 November 2011 in Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine
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Objective: The aim of the work is to define occupational exposure to styrene in fiberglass manufacture; the phase of stretching styrene resins needs some manual handling and leads workers to be exposed to styrene. Methods: We surveyed 20 workers in two companies manufacturing fiberglass, checking environmental levels and urinary concentrations of mandelic acid (MA), and phenylglioxylic acid (PGA). Workers completed a questionnaire collecting their medical history. Results: Environmental monitoring showed some styrene concentrations higher than the threshold limit value–time-weighted average. Biological monitoring confirmed these findings and four workers had levels of urinary PGA and MA concentrations higher than the Biological Exposure Indices of the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists. Conclusions: This picture confirms that, even though the risk is known and the manufacturing cycle is well-defined, workers nevertheless risk exposure. More research is needed to optimize the work processes and the protection systems to lower this risk.

ACS Style

Bruno Papaleo; Lidia Caporossi; Francesca Bernardini; Luisa Cristadoro; Lucia Bastianini; Mariangela De Rosa; Silvia Capanna; Laura Marcellini; Francesco Loi; Giuseppe Battista. Exposure to Styrene in Fiberglass-Reinforced Plastic Manufacture. Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine 2011, 53, 1273 -1278.

AMA Style

Bruno Papaleo, Lidia Caporossi, Francesca Bernardini, Luisa Cristadoro, Lucia Bastianini, Mariangela De Rosa, Silvia Capanna, Laura Marcellini, Francesco Loi, Giuseppe Battista. Exposure to Styrene in Fiberglass-Reinforced Plastic Manufacture. Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine. 2011; 53 (11):1273-1278.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bruno Papaleo; Lidia Caporossi; Francesca Bernardini; Luisa Cristadoro; Lucia Bastianini; Mariangela De Rosa; Silvia Capanna; Laura Marcellini; Francesco Loi; Giuseppe Battista. 2011. "Exposure to Styrene in Fiberglass-Reinforced Plastic Manufacture." Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine 53, no. 11: 1273-1278.

Validation study
Published: 01 October 2010 in Journal of Chromatography B
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To determine the biomarkers of exposure to xylene, urinary 2-, 3- and 4-methyl-hippuric acids, a new HPLC/DAD analytical method has been developed, which uses β-cyclodextrin as an additive for elution; its complexing abilities are exploited to achieve complete chromatographic separation of the three isomers. The mobile phase was a 3% aqueous solution of β-cyclodextrin, pH 3, and methanol, 80:20, in isocratic conditions, with a flow rate of 1 mL/min. To optimize quantitative analysis three wavelengths were employed for detection: λ = 198 nm, λ = 200 nm, and λ = 202 nm. SPE was applied for the extraction from urine samples of analytes. Validation parameters show recoveries always above 82%; LOD was set at 1 μg/mL with an LOQ of 3 μg/mL. The linear dynamic range (from 4 to 100 μg/mL) showed excellent correspondence. This method is rapid and inexpensive and can be applied to several samples simultaneously using a manifold for SPE extraction. The analytes were separated completely and could be fully quantified. The method was used for the analysis of urine samples from 54 workers exposed to xylene in hospital laboratories and showed a good applicability while allowing quantification even at low doses.

ACS Style

Lidia Caporossi; Mariangela De Rosa; Bruno Papaleo. Complete separation of urinary metabolites of xylene in HPLC/DAD using β-cyclodextrin: Application for biological monitoring. Journal of Chromatography B 2010, 878, 2611 -2615.

AMA Style

Lidia Caporossi, Mariangela De Rosa, Bruno Papaleo. Complete separation of urinary metabolites of xylene in HPLC/DAD using β-cyclodextrin: Application for biological monitoring. Journal of Chromatography B. 2010; 878 (27):2611-2615.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lidia Caporossi; Mariangela De Rosa; Bruno Papaleo. 2010. "Complete separation of urinary metabolites of xylene in HPLC/DAD using β-cyclodextrin: Application for biological monitoring." Journal of Chromatography B 878, no. 27: 2611-2615.

Journal article
Published: 18 June 2010 in Chromatographia
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An LC–DAD method was developed to determine residues of oxamyl on greenhouse workers’ skin. The wipe test was used to obtain samples from hands, forearms, neck and gloves of workers taking cactus cuttings 48 h after pesticide treatment. It was validated in a concentration range 50–5,000 ng mL−1. The results on six workers and ten office employees indicated significant differences particularly in the hand samples. To avoid the overestimation owing to an interfering substance we proceeded to confirm these findings with LC–MS–MS, which found the pesticide only on the surface of the workers’ gloves, proving that there was indeed some UV interference.

ACS Style

Lidia Caporossi; Giovanna Tranfo; Enrico Paci; Mariangela De Rosa; Silvia Capanna; Felice Tidei; Bruno Papaleo. LC Determination of the Skin Exposure to Oxamyl on Greenhouse Workers and Comparison Between DAD and MS–MS Detection. Chromatographia 2010, 72, 281 -287.

AMA Style

Lidia Caporossi, Giovanna Tranfo, Enrico Paci, Mariangela De Rosa, Silvia Capanna, Felice Tidei, Bruno Papaleo. LC Determination of the Skin Exposure to Oxamyl on Greenhouse Workers and Comparison Between DAD and MS–MS Detection. Chromatographia. 2010; 72 (3):281-287.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lidia Caporossi; Giovanna Tranfo; Enrico Paci; Mariangela De Rosa; Silvia Capanna; Felice Tidei; Bruno Papaleo. 2010. "LC Determination of the Skin Exposure to Oxamyl on Greenhouse Workers and Comparison Between DAD and MS–MS Detection." Chromatographia 72, no. 3: 281-287.

Review
Published: 07 May 2010 in Biomarkers
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Analytical tests to measure chemicals in saliva can be employed for numerous analytes, endogenous compounds or xenobiotics. The objective was to determine which chemicals can be analysed with this matrix, which analytical methods are applicable, and what application is possible for biomonitoring. We reviewed the literature using three databases, MEDLINE, PubMed and Scopus, collecting articles on different kinds of analysis in saliva. Studies were principally about molecules of clinical interest, xenobiotics, especially drugs of abuse, and chemicals used at workplaces; some substances show no relevant correlation with exposure data while others seems to be of particular interest for systematic use for biomonitoring. Currently, saliva is used far less than other biological fluids but its use for biomonitoring of exposure to chemicals might open up new areas for research and would certainly simplify the collection of biological samples.

ACS Style

Lidia Caporossi; Alessia Santoro; Bruno Papaleo. Saliva as an analytical matrix: state of the art and application for biomonitoring. Biomarkers 2010, 15, 475 -487.

AMA Style

Lidia Caporossi, Alessia Santoro, Bruno Papaleo. Saliva as an analytical matrix: state of the art and application for biomonitoring. Biomarkers. 2010; 15 (6):475-487.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lidia Caporossi; Alessia Santoro; Bruno Papaleo. 2010. "Saliva as an analytical matrix: state of the art and application for biomonitoring." Biomarkers 15, no. 6: 475-487.

Journal article
Published: 24 October 2007 in Chromatographia
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Paclitaxel has been widely used for tumor chemotherapy in recent years and it would be useful to assess occupational exposure to the drug, if only to confirm that the procedures and measures for prevention and protection applied in health care structures are effective against this kind of risk. This study is to establish a simple, robust analytical method for routine use in biological monitoring of health workers exposed to taxanes, and extendable to patients receiving these drugs. HPLC equipped with a diode array detector was used. The assay was validated. Intra- and inter-day accuracy and reproducibility were good. Recovery of paclitaxel spiked in drug-free plasma was higher than 87% with SPE using extract-clean normal phase cyanopropyl silica cartridges for plasma clean-up. The calibration curve was linear in the range 10–500 ng mL−1. The method was applied to plasma samples of nurses occupationally exposed to paclitaxel. The experimental analytical method performed well, detecting paclitaxel in plasma at a concentrations down to 10 ng mL−1. This straightforward method for analytical determination of paclitaxel in human plasma is rapid and can measure up to 36 plasma samples per day. It uses more economical equipment than other methods proposed in the literature and its validation parameters are highly satisfactory.

ACS Style

Lidia Caporossi; Mariangela De Rosa; Alessandra Pera; Bruno Papaleo. Simple Analytical Method for the Determination of Paclitaxel (Taxol ® ) Levels in Human Plasma. Chromatographia 2007, 66, 921 -924.

AMA Style

Lidia Caporossi, Mariangela De Rosa, Alessandra Pera, Bruno Papaleo. Simple Analytical Method for the Determination of Paclitaxel (Taxol ® ) Levels in Human Plasma. Chromatographia. 2007; 66 (11):921-924.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lidia Caporossi; Mariangela De Rosa; Alessandra Pera; Bruno Papaleo. 2007. "Simple Analytical Method for the Determination of Paclitaxel (Taxol ® ) Levels in Human Plasma." Chromatographia 66, no. 11: 921-924.

Journal article
Published: 20 August 2004 in Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry
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This paper describes a rapid extraction method, based on a matrix solid-phase dispersion technique using diatomaceous earth as solid support and 50:50 (v/v) chloroform/methanol as extracting solvent, that can determine 11 free fatty acids in chocolate. The extraction procedure is followed by reversed-phase liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) using a normal-bore (4.6 mm i.d.) C-18 column and an electrospray interface operating in the negative ion mode. The tandem mass spectra of selected compounds show that charge-remote fragmentation (CRF) mechanisms are occurring; the intensities of the CRF reactions increase with the carbon number and degree of unsaturation of the fatty acids. Average recoveries, evaluated by the standard addition method, vary between 79-103%, and the estimated quantification limits are less than 153 ng/g. The proposed method has been used to analyse nine chocolate samples from various price ranges, bought from supermarkets. Copyright (C) 2004 John Wiley Sons, Ltd

ACS Style

Daniela Perret; Alessandra Gentili; Stefano Marchese; Manuel Sergi; Lidia Caporossi. Determination of free fatty acids in chocolate by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 2004, 18, 1989 -1994.

AMA Style

Daniela Perret, Alessandra Gentili, Stefano Marchese, Manuel Sergi, Lidia Caporossi. Determination of free fatty acids in chocolate by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry. 2004; 18 (17):1989-1994.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Daniela Perret; Alessandra Gentili; Stefano Marchese; Manuel Sergi; Lidia Caporossi. 2004. "Determination of free fatty acids in chocolate by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry." Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 18, no. 17: 1989-1994.