Abnormal lipid profile, increased glucose level, and elevated body weight are traditional cardiometabolic risk factors; however, the role of platelets in the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is increasingly being highlighted. The aim of this study was to select platelet-related parameters (non-genetic molecular and routine laboratory measurements) that may be associated with increased cardiovascular risk among healthy populations. We evaluated the level of platelet indices, platelet-based inflammatory markers, platelet reactivity parameters, and platelet reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in relation to selected cardiometabolic risk factors. We noted the association between total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol with platelet aggregation and platelet ROS generation. We found the relationship between triglycerides, glucose, and body mass index with the relatively new multi-inflammatory indices (MII-1 and MII-3). Moreover, we noticed that the mean platelet volume-to-lymphocyte ratio in healthy subjects is not a good source of information about platelets and inflammation. We also highlighted that platelet-to-HDL-cholesterol ratio may be a promising prognostic cardiometabolic indicator. The association between platelet-related (especially molecular) and cardiometabolic parameters requires further research. However, the goal of this study was to shed light on the consideration of platelets as a non-traditional cardiovascular risk factor and a crucial element in identifying individuals at high-risk of developing CVD in the future.

Resolvin E1 is a metabolite of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) which is one of the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 PUFAs). The antiplatelet properties of omega-3 PUFAs are well known, but the effect of resolvin E1 on platelets via the collagen receptors is extremely poorly reported. We investigated the effect of resolvin E1 on collagen-induced platelet aggregation, activation, and reactivity, and also platelet membrane fluidity. The ultimate and statistically significant results showed that resolvin E1 may inhibit platelet reactivity due to the reduction of collagen-induced platelet aggregation in platelet-rich plasma and isolated platelets, but not in whole blood. Also, resolvin E1 significantly reduced P-selectin exposure on collagen-stimulated platelets. Moreover, we demonstrated that resolvin E1 can maintain platelet membrane structure (without increasing membrane fluidity). The association between platelet reactivity and membrane fluidity, including resolvin E1 and collagen receptors requires further research. However, the goal of this study was to shed light on the molecular mechanisms behind the anti-aggregative effects of resolvin E1 on platelets, which are still not fully clarified. We also indicate an innovative research direction focused on further analysis and then use of omega-3 PUFAs metabolites as antiplatelet compounds for future applications in the treatment and prevention of cardiovascular diseases.

Introduction: Infectious mononucleosis is an acute, mild infection occurring mainly in childrenand adolescents. A characteristic feature is the presence of a symptomatic which includedfever, cervical or generalized lymphadenopathy, tonsillitis, coryzam and characteristic whitecoating on the surface. Laboratory tests show changes in the amount of leukocytes and theappearance of virocytes in peripheral blood as well as an increase in liver enzymes. The virusmainly infects epithelial cells and B lymphocytes. In B lymphocytes it intensively multiplies,leading to their transformation into plasma cells and, as a result, the production of specificIgM class antibodies. The produced antibodies activate T lymphocytes (CD8+). During theinfection, the humoral response is also activated. It works by producing antibodies directedagainst early antigen (EA), nuclear antigen (EBNA) and capsid antigen (VCA).Aim: The objective of the current study was to assess the occurrence of IgM and IgG antibodiesagainst the Epstein-Barr virus in children hospitalized in the Podlaskie Voivodeship.Material and methods: The levels of antibody were determined in serum patients serum usingthe ELFA method (Enyzme Liked Fluorescent Assay) using the VIDAS analyzer.Results: Based on preliminary studies, it shown that children aged 4-10 and 15-18 are the mostvulnerable group. The analysis of the conducted studies also showed that the acute phase ofinfectious mononucleosis is more often observed in female children.Conclusions: In order to better illustrate the seroepidemiological status of EBV infection,similar analysis should be performed in children all over Poland. In order to precisely identifythe target age group of children for possible vaccination, these studies should be extended.

Background/Objectives: The aim of the study was to analyze dietary and lifestyle adherence in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) under the care of a diabetes clinic. Methods: The study included two groups: patients under the close control of a dietitian (n = 50) who followed a standard (DD) or fiber-enriched diabetic diet (FD), and patients under the care of a diabetes clinic without close supervision of a dietitian (n = 50). Results: After 3 months, both DD and FD significantly improved metabolic control in the patients under the care of a dietitian. However, FD was slightly better compared to DD (BMI reduction by an average of 2.4% (95% CI: 1.6%; 3.1%) for DD vs. 4.8% (95% CI: 3.6%; 6.0%) for FD; waist circumference decreasing 2.0% (95% CI: 1.2%; 3.4%) for DD vs. 3.5% (95% CI: 2.6%; 4.3%) for FD, p < 0.01; glycemia reduction 19.9% (95% CI: 14.8%; 25.0%) for FD vs. 5.6% (95% CI: 1.9%; 9.3%) for DD, p < 0.001; GGTP activity reduction 35.7% (95% CI: 28.9%; 42.5%) for FD vs. 1.8% (95% CI: −15.2%; 18.3%) for DD, p < 0.001). In addition, only half of the patients without the close supervision of a dietitian declared adherence to the diet. Most respondents had a satisfactory level of nutritional knowledge, but the analysis indicates the weakly marked influence of the protective features of nutrition as well as evidence of the low contribution of an unhealthy diet. Conclusions: Considering the level of nutritional knowledge and low awareness of their health condition in many patients, visits to the doctor and brief nutrition education are not enough for dietary care in T2DM patients. A dietitian’s care is necessary to improve their health.