In this paper, plain aluminum was chosen as matrix alloy and graphene reinforced aluminum alloy composites was successfully prepared via powder metallurgy approach. Micro-milling experiments were conducted to explore the effect of varying graphene nanoflakes (GNFs) content (0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5% by weight) on the machinability of composites and their machining results were compared with that of plain aluminum. Chip morphology, milling force, and machined surface morphology were used as the machinability measures. Experiment results showed that when the content of GNFs is less than 1.5%, the grain refinement of GNFs plays a major role. The hardness and density of the composites are increased. When the content of GNFs is more than 1.5%, the agglomeration phenomenon is obvious, which reduces the hardness and density of the composites. Micro-milling results show that the milling force is the highest when the GNFs content is 1%, and curling degree of chips increased as FPT increase for a certain content of graphene of composites. Furthermore, when the content of GNFs in composites is more than 1%, the surface roughness of milling grooves is greatly improved, which may be related to the lubrication of graphene and the formation of continuous chips.

To benefit tissue removal and postoperative rehabilitation, increased efficiency and accuracy and reduced operating force are strongly required in the osteotomy. A novel elliptical vibration cutting (EVC) has been introduced for bone cutting compared with conventional cutting (CC) in this paper. With the assistance of high-speed microscope imaging and the dynamometer, the material removals of cortical bone and their cutting forces from two cutting regimes were recorded and analysed comprehensively, which clearly demonstrated the chip morphology improvement and the average cutting force reduction in the EVC process. It also revealed that the elliptical vibration of the cutting tool could promote fracture propagation along the shear direction. These new findings will be of important theoretical and practical values to apply the innovative EVC process to the surgical procedures of the osteotomy.