Herein, novel MgAl₂O₄-based quadruple nanocomposites containing different contents of Co/Ni bimetallic doping were synthesized employing gelatin as a green capping agent. Typically, MgAl₂O₄ (MgAl₂O₄-1), 5% NiO-5% CoO@MgAl₂O₄ (MgAl₂O₄-2), 2.5% CoO-5% NiO@MgAl₂O₄ (MgAl₂O₄-3), and 5% CoO-2.5% NiO@MgAl₂O₄ (MgAl₂O₄-4) were synthesized via a one-pot method. The prepared quadruple nanocomposites were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), surface analysis, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectroscopy. MgAl₂O₄-1, MgAl₂O₄-2, MgAl₂O₄-3, and MgAl₂O₄-4 exhibited surface areas of 75.4, 118.4, 141.1, and 123.0 m² g^-1, respectively, and possessed q_t values of 46.8, 60.9, 72.4, and 60.2 mg g^-1, respectively, toward the indigo carmine (INCR) dye. The INCR sorption onto MgAl₂O₄-1, MgAl₂O₄-2, MgAl₂O₄-3, and MgAl₂O₄-4 followed the pseudo-second-order model, and the liquid film diffusion model controlled the INCR sorption onto MgAl₂O₄-1, MgAl₂O₄-2, MgAl₂O₄-3, and MgAl₂O₄-4 nanocomposites. MgAl₂O₄-3 was selected as the best sorbent for eliminating INCR, and it exhibited enhanced performance at pH 6.0. The MgAl₂O₄ q_t value increased proportionally with the INCR concentration (20 to 100 mg L^-1), and increasing the temperature affected the sorption positively, indicating endothermic sorption. The Langmuir model best fitted among the tested isotherm models, and it predicted a maximum adsorption capacity of 181.0 mg g^-1. MgAl₂O₄-3 was tested for removing INCR from tap water, groundwater, and seawater at 313 K, and it showed an average efficiency of 97.1%, with a standard deviation of 2.4%.

Organic photovoltaic devices fabricated from small molecular donors continue to receive significant interest due to their desirable properties such as convenient synthesis, purification and batch-to-batch reproducibility. In this study, we have synthesized two small molecules based on an alternating A–D–A structure, utilizing a central EDOT donor moiety and either 2-ethylhexyl cyanoacetate (SAM-72) or N-(2-ethylhexyl)cyanoacetamide (SAM-80) units as acceptor termini. The small molecules were incorporated into bulk heterojunction solar cells with PC₇₁BM. Our investigations have shown that the side chains utilized for SAM-80 only allow for solution processing using volatile solvents, such as chloroform, which limits the reproducibility of device fabrication. However, SAM-72 displays better solubility and devices fabricated using a SAM-72:PC₇₁BM active layer reached average power conversion efficiencies of 1.9%, with fill factors reaching 60%. Post-processing methods such as thermal and solvent vapor annealing were found to significantly increase the stability of devices, but were not able to improve overall device performance.

The genus Scrophularia is one of the largest genera belonging to the Scrophulariaceae family. Different members of the genus exhibit an interesting, wide spectrum of bioactivities. Accordingly, the current study aimed to investigate, for the first time, the chemical composition of the essential oil of Scrophularia peyronii Post. from Jordan. Additionally, extracts obtained from the aerial parts with solvents of different polarities were assayed for their phytochemical constituents and in vitro antioxidant activities. The major constituents detected in the essential oil, as revealed by GC/MS analysis, contained mainly Z,Z-farnesyl acetone (11.04%), β-elemene (6.36%), n-octanal (5.98%), and spathulenol (4.58%). Each of the aqueous methanol (Sp-M) and butanol (Sp-B) extracts contained flavonoids, saponins, anthraquinone, and glycosides. Both extracts were evaluated for their total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and their in vitro antioxidant activity, which were assayed using the DPPH radical scavenging activity and ABTS radical scavenging methods. Additionally, the two extracts were then subjected to LC-ESI-MS/MS for the qualitative determination of their secondary metabolite content, especially in flavonoids and phenolic compounds. The results showed that the Sp-B extract of S. peyronii had the highest contents of both phenolic compounds and flavonoids and showed high radical scavenging activity, as determined by the two assay methods, when compared with the Sp-M extract. The LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis resulted in the detection of 21 compounds, including 8 flavonoids, 6 phenolic acids, 6 iridoids, and 2 acids. Although the majority of compounds were detected in both extracts, it was noticed that scropolioside B, 6′-O-cinnamoylharpagide, isoferulic acid, and 6-O-methylcatapol were only detected in the Sp-M fraction.

Oriental Journal of Chemistry is a peer reviewed quarterly research journal of pure and applied chemistry. It publishes standard research papers in almost all thrust areas of current chemistry of academic and commercial importance. It provides a platform for rapid publication of quality research papers, reviews and chemistry letters. Oriental Journal of Chemistry is abstracted and indexed in almost all reputed National and International agencies.