Additive manufacturing of metals using gas metal arc welding has an associated problem of variations of height in the onset and extinguishing parts of the weld bead. In this research, robot-assisted welding has been performed to investigate the problem, using AWS ER70S-6 low alloy steel welding electrode wire. After adjustment of welding parameters for a single-layer, single-pass, an optimal profile of welding energy was used to construct a thin wall which exhibited good forming characteristics with an effective area of approximately 97%. The resulting structure was ductile in nature with better tensile strength and microhardness as compared to the rolled steel available in industry with similar carbon content. The microstructure analysis revealed equiaxed grains in most parts of the structure having a fine grain size.

In this study, gas metal arc welding (GMAW) was used to construct a thin wall structure in a layer-by-layer fashion using an AWS ER70S-6 electrode wire with the help of a robot. The Charpy impact test was performed after extracting samples in directions both parallel and perpendicular to the deposition direction. In this study, multiple factors related to the resulting absorbed energy have been discussed. Despite being a layered structure, homogeneous behavior with acceptable deviation was observed in the microstructure, hardness, and fracture toughness of the structure in both directions. The fracture is extremely ductile with a dimpled fibrous surface and secondary cracks. An estimate for fracture toughness based on Charpy impact absorbed energy is also given.

As an advanced interaction mode, gestures have been widely used for human–computer interaction (HCI). This paper proposes a multi-objective optimization method based on the objective function $J_{CP}$ to solve the inconsistency between the gesture comfort $J_{CS}$ and measurement precision $J_{P_H}$ in the gesture interaction. The proposed comfort model $CS$ takes seventeen muscles and six degrees of freedom into consideration based on the data from muscles and joints, and is capable of simulating the energy expenditure of the gesture motion. The $CS$ can provide an intuitive indicator to predict which act has the higher risk of fatigue or injury for joints and muscles. The measurement precision model ${∆P}_H$ is calculated from the measurement error $({∆X}_H,{∆Y}_H,{∆Z}_H)$ caused by calibration, that provides a means to evaluate the efficiency of the gesture interaction. The modeling and simulation are implemented to analyze the effectiveness of the multi-objective optimization method proposed in this paper. According to the result of the comparison between the objective function $J_{CS}$, based on the comfort model $CS$, and the objective function $J_{P_H}$, based on the measurement precision models ${∆P}_H$, the consistency and the difference can be found due to the variation of the radius $r_{B\_RHO}$ and the center coordinates $P_{B\_RHO}\left(x_{B\_RHO},y_{B\_RHO},z_{B\_RHO}\right)$. The proposed objective function $J_{CP}$ compromises the inconsistency between the objective function $J_{CS}$ and $J_{P_H}$. Therefore, the multi-objective optimization method proposed in this paper is applied to the gesture design to improve the ergonomics and operation efficiency of the gesture, and the effectiveness is verified through usability testing.

Fault detection and diagnosis (FDD) is a decision problem. Game theory as part of economic theory was first articulated in 1944 and has since become an interdisciplinary approach to the study of human behavior, interaction, and decision-making. For the interest may be brought forth, by introducing game theory into FDD domain, we present a literature survey on this topic within the view of information fusion. After the general introduction on the topics of FDD, game theory and information. Fusion, we put forward the problem statement. Based on the analysing result of several game-theoretic approaches applied to FDD, we propose an alternative processing model and algorithm on game theory based diagnosis information fusion for complex system. At last the cooperative decision making for diagnosis of a machining center is taken as an instance to verify the feasibility of the alternative scheme.

Until recently the major share of the attention of researchers has stayed at process perspectives. The neglect of capability perspectives has resulted in many problems in resource management system. This paper presents a complete capability assignment concept model, called PDRM-CACM, for the resource management system of product development. The model contains eight basic elements (capability, resource, role, activity, administrative role, permission, administrative permission, constraint), and the corresponding relations between the elements. The basic idea behind the model is that resource assignment is actually capability assignment in essential. Thus, we emphasize that the basic element capability must stay at the central position in the model. We specified PDRM-CACM in formal specification language Z in detail. PDRM-CACM is a comprehensive model which integrates role-based access control technology into traditional resource assignment model. At last, we describe the hierarchy operations which provide the foundation of maintaining the concept model.