This study aims to examine the degree of financial literacy and practices of financial knowledge among MBA students in Nepal. Four prominent universities were selected for study: Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu University, Pokhara University, and Purbanchal University. The descriptive and analytical research approach was applied to analyze the data. Data were collected through questionnaires from 320 students by using convenience and stratified sampling methods. The analysis was conducted using the SPSS software system. The results highlight the complex interplay of factors influencing financial behavior and literacy among MBA students, emphasizing the importance of education, familial influence, and media exposure in shaping financial attitudes and decision-making. The study delves into several key aspects of financial behavior, influence, attitude, literacy, and knowledge sources among MBA students. Notably, respondents displayed positive financial behaviors such as reading for knowledge enhancement and prudent spending practices. Parental influence emerged as the most significant factor shaping financial decisions, followed by media and internet exposure. Respondents generally exhibited a favorable financial outlook and demonstrated understanding in various financial literacy domains, though areas for improvement, particularly in investment risk comprehension, were identified. The study shows how education, family influence, and media exposure affect MBA student’s financial think, how people handle finance, like their education and where they get information from. This is seen as reflected in financial literacy scores ranging from 1.43 to 3.86, with an average of 2.405 and a standard deviation of 0.449, suggesting below-average scores and reduced unpredictability.

This study aims to examine the key economic indicators with private sector credit and economic growth in Nepal. Commercial banks and other financial institutions lend money to businesses and individuals for investment and consumption. This study aims to analyze key economic indicators in Nepal, including Real Gross Domestic Product (RGDP), Private Sector Credit (PSC), and Gross Capital Formation (GCF), spanning from 1975 to 2022. Employing a quantitative methodology, econometric techniques such as time series analysis, regression modeling, and hypothesis testing were utilized to examine the long-term relationships among these variables, with a particular focus on the impact of Private Sector Credit on Economic Growth (EG). The findings, derived from comprehensive econometric analyses including co-integration tests and vector error correction models, reveal significant insights into Nepal’s economic performance and financial system. Results indicate that Private Sector Credit plays a crucial role in stimulating economic growth, with approximately 40.07% of the previous year’s imbalance influenced by the long-term elasticity of independent variables. These findings offer valuable insights for policymakers, businesses, and investors, facilitating informed decision-making to promote sustainable economic development in Nepal. Further research is recommended to explore the correlation between the diversification of Private Sector Credit types and economic growth more comprehensively.

This study aims to explore the application of the SERVQUAL (service quality) model in Nepal’s banking sector, focusing on how its five measurements – tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy – affect customer satisfaction. A descriptive research design was employed, utilizing a stratified random sample of 384 customers from various banks in Nepal. Data were gathered through a structured questionnaire based on the SERVQUAL model, complemented by semi-structured interviews to capture both quantitative and qualitative insights into service quality measurements and overall satisfaction. The result of the study is that customer satisfaction was significantly high, with 77.4% of respondents indicating satisfaction with banking services, particularly appreciating the clarity of forms at 82.6%. The regression analysis revealed that tangibility, reliability, and responsiveness were the main factors influencing customer satisfaction, with coefficients of 0.335, 0.204, and 0.281, respectively. The findings indicate that tangibility, reliability, and responsiveness are the most influential factors affecting customer satisfaction in Nepalese banks, with significant positive relationships confirmed through regression analysis. While assurance and empathy also contribute positively, their impact is comparatively weaker, highlighting the critical areas for banks to focus on to enrich overall customer satisfaction and commitment. The study concluded that customer satisfaction is generally positive, especially in areas like the ease of understanding processes and online services. Significant opportunities for improvement exist in ATM services and overall banking operations. This underscores the necessity for banks to adapt and enhance their offerings to cultivate greater customer loyalty and retention in a competitive market.

Background: The relationship between interest rates, inflation, and non-performing loans on economic growth is debated in theoretical and empirical research. Hence, the study examines the effect of interest rate, inflation rate, and non-performing loans on the economic growth in Nepal. Methods: The paper incorporated quarterly data spanning nine years (2011-2019) and consisted of 972 observations. The study collected secondary data from the official websites of Nepal Rastra Bank and the Ministry of Finance, Nepal. The study used a panel cointegration test and random-effect models to examine the long-run relationship between predictor and response variables. Results: The impact of lending rate (LR) on economic growth is positive and statistically significant (β1 = 0.017, p < .01) in Nepal. Similarly, the coefficient of LNCPI (β2 = 0.687, p < .01) suggests that there is a positive relationship between the Consumer Price Index (CPI) and the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The regression coefficient of CPI (β3 = -.001, p > .05) suggests that an increase in non-performing loans (NPL) led to a decrease in GDP. However, this relationship was not statistically significant for the Nepalese Economy. Conclusion: The study concludes that the interest and inflation rates positively affect Nepal's economic growth. The findings indicate that policymakers, such as Nepal Rastra Bank, should maintain interest rates at an appropriate level. Novelty: This study is novel because it thoroughly analyzes numerous observations over long periods to investigate the impacts of loan rates, inflation rates, and non-performing loans on economic growth in Nepal, improving its generalizability.

The capacity of foreign trade to substantially raise GDP via increased exports, heightened competition, and enhanced efficiency holds the key to bolstering economic growth and prosperity. Recognizing this transformation underscores the importance of shaping Nepal’s economic policies and development strategies for achieving lasting sustainable growth. The objective of this study is to investigate how trade openness has affected Nepal’s economic growth, given its importance in the nation’s overall development. By analyzing the correlation between trade openness and economic expansion, policymakers and researchers can uncover the role of international trade in driving Nepal’s economic advancement. The research methodology involves constructing a regression model using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag bound test, with variables analyzed in growth form and subjected to the Augmented Dickey-Fuller and residual tests. The study’s results indicate a strong positive relationship between trade openness and economic growth in Nepal from 1975 to 2020, with a long-term equilibrium observed. Short-term deviations from equilibrium are quickly corrected at 38.23% annually, highlighting the importance of balanced export and import growth for economic development. The study concludes that trade openness drives Nepal’s economic growth for sustainable development and environmental protection. It offers valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders to enhance economic growth and overall development of the country.

This study aims to examine the relationship between CO2 emissions, forest area, and GDP in each South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) country. This study uses a panel dataset that spans South Asian countries from 1990 to 2020 for econometric analysis. The Fully Modified Least Squares (FMOLS) method adds annual forested area to the regression model. The study results show that India, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka must prioritize decoupling CO2 emissions from economic growth, as their strong correlation shows significant environmental costs of development. Although Bangladesh, Bhutan, and the Maldives are in a slightly better position, they need strategies to manage emissions as they progress economically. The study once again revealed a relationship between a 1% increase in GDP and a 0.68% rise in CO2 emissions, whereas a 1% increase in forest area led to a slightly higher 0.79% rise in CO2 over the period. The hypotheses testing results confirm a positive correlation between economic growth and carbon dioxide emissions in SAARC countries, indicating that emissions rise as economies expand. Additionally, a negative relationship was found between forest area and carbon dioxide emissions, where larger forest coverage is linked to lower emissions. The conclusion is that an increase in forest area is associated with a relatively small increase in CO2 emissions, indicating that the relationship between forest area and CO2 emissions is less pronounced compared to GDP.