The Qinling Mountains (QMs) are considered to be the division in geology, geochemistry, and physical geography between northern China and southern China. They have crucial effects on regional climate, especially on rainfall and temperature, and have shown great scientific relevance to climate change research in China. Using the observational daily and monthly rainfall and temperature data derived from meteorological and regional automatic stations—as well as the methods of correlation analysis, climate trend analysis, and Mann–Kendal and t tests—we revealed the spatiotemporal change characteristics of temperature and rainfall and their correlation with elevation, longitude, and latitude. The results show that the annual mean temperature (AMT) underwent a significant increasing trend in the QMs. The maximum AMT increase occurred in spring, and the minimum occurred in summer. Positive anomalies of annual mean rainfall amount (AMRA) occurred in the 1960s, 1980s, and 2010s, and negative anomalies occurred in the 1970s, 1990s, and 2000s. In the QMs, the amount of moderate rainfall (MR) occupied the maximum proportion and accounted for 27.9% of the AMRA, whereas the torrential rainfall (TR) occupied the minimum proportion and accounted for 12.8%. The AMRA amount significantly decreased by 130.1 mm from the 1980s to the 1990s and accounted for 13.5% of the measure in the 1980s. The AMT and AMRA showed consistent change trends with increases in elevation and latitude and showed the opposite trend as the longitude increased. The results offer a further understanding of the meteorological background of the QMs, helping us in further investigating the potential physical mechanisms that influence the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of temperature and rainfall in the QMs. This study will provide a scientific basis for rainfall and temperature forecasts, with relevance to local ecosystems, agriculture, soil erosion, and the prevention and mitigation of floods in the future.

In the Yellow and Bohai Seas, the detailed characteristics of visibility are analyzed based on automatic hourly observation data of marine visibility between 2019 and 2021. The results show that the annual average visibility in the Yellow and Bohai Seas is 13.346 km. The average visibility at high latitudes is higher than that at low latitudes in the Yellow and Bohai Seas. The low visibility area is mainly distributed in the southwest of the Yellow Sea. There are obvious seasonal differences in visibility in the Yellow and Bohai Seas. Visibility is high from September to November, with maximum values in October. Visibility is lowest in July when the maximum visibility is low and the minimum visibility is high. The visibility in spring is overall relatively low, and the areas of low visibility appear in the southwest of the Yellow Sea. The visibility in autumn is overall relatively high, and the areas of high visibility occur in the northern part of the Bohai and Yellow Seas. The visibility has significant intraday variation. The visibility around sunset is significantly higher than that around sunrise. The hourly visibility is low between 4:00 and 9:00, with the lowest visibility most likely around 7:00. The hourly visibility is high between 16:00 and 21:00, with the highest visibility most likely around 18:00. Low visibility occurs frequently between November and April, most of all in March. Low visibility most often occurs between 4:00 and 7:00. Low visibility may occur at any time between November and April, and also in mornings between May and August. It occurs less often at other times.