The rapid growth of tourism has led to the transformation of numerous traditional dwellings in Yunnan into commercial lodgings, presenting a challenge to the preservation and inheritance of traditional culture. However, the existing renovation practices lack scientific data support and rely heavily on architects’ subjective designs. Thus, finding a scientific and stable approach to maintain the traditional residential characteristics becomes crucial. This study focuses on the renovation of Wenzhi villagers’ residences in Yunnan as a case study. It employs the innovative AHP-QFD design methodology to explore a more scientific and objective method for preserving and promoting the features of traditional dwellings in commercial renovations. Initially, the study assigns weights to the commercial renovation objectives—local traditional features, architectural functions, sustainability, and comfort—using the hierarchical analysis method (AHP). Subsequently, specific design features are derived from transformation requirements through interviews and questionnaires with residents, tourists, government officials, and experts. The innovation of this research lies in the application of AHP and QFD models to the innovative design of commercial renovations for traditional dwellings in Yunnan, resulting in a set of systematic and scientifically supported decision-making methods for renovating and preserving traditional buildings in the region. The study’s findings reveal that building geometry and dimensions, skilled traditional craftsmanship, and flexible and expandable solutions carry the highest weight in design. The application of the AHP-QFD model in commercial transformation design effectively balances the preservation of traditional culture and the pursuit of commercial value. It offers a feasible and innovative design solution for commercial transformations of traditional houses in the Yunnan region, ensuring the preservation of cultural heritage while enhancing commercial appeal.

The Sanjiangyuan region, situated on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau, constitutes an exceptionally delicate ecological environment. Alterations in the region’s ecological landscape stem not only from natural factors but also from significant anthropogenic influences, exerting a notable impact on the sustainable economic and social development of the region’s middle and lower reaches. Consequently, investigating changes in the landscape pattern of Sanjiangyuan National Park holds paramount importance for comprehending the formation mechanism of spatial landscape distribution in the area. This study analyzes the ecological sensitivity and landscape pattern of Sanjiangyuan National Park in Qinghai Province, China, utilizing ArcGIS 10.8 and Fragstats 4.2. Employing the bivariate spatial autocorrelation analysis method, the research uncovers the spatial distribution characteristics between ecological sensitivity and landscape pattern, along with their aggregated change traits. The findings reveal that ecological sensitivity areas within the park encompass varying degrees, ranging from extremely sensitive to insensitive. The area of moderately sensitive zones in the Yellow River source region is 7279.67 km² (39.17%), whereas the corresponding area in the Yangtze River source region is 32,572.34 km² (36.30%). The eastern and northern parts of the Sanjiangyuan National Park exhibit significant landscape fragmentation. Ecological sensitivity varies markedly across different regions, with the southern and some northern areas showing higher sensitivity. In the Lancang River source park and the southern part of the Yellow River source park, the Largest Patch Index (LPI) and Ecological Sensitivity Index exhibit a high–high (HH) clustering pattern, indicating strong ecological connectivity in these areas. These regions also feature high Total Edge (TE), Number of Patches (NP), Patch Density (PD), and Edge Density (ED), indicating a complex landscape structure and abundant habitat edge areas. The study recommends restoring ecological connectivity in highly fragmented areas and implementing strict protection measures in sensitive regions to maintain ecosystem health and biodiversity. These findings provide a foundation for developing targeted ecological protection measures to enhance ecosystem health and biodiversity conservation in the area. This research aligns with several Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), including Climate Action, Life on Land, and Clean Water and Sanitation, by promoting sustainable ecosystem management and biodiversity conservation.

Since the beginning of the new century, there has been a notable enhancement in China’s ecological environment quality (EEQ), a development occurring in tandem with climate change and the extensive ecological restoration projects (ERPs) undertaken in the country. However, comprehensive insights into the spatial and temporal characteristics of China’s EEQ, and its responses to both climate change and human activities over the past two decades, have remained largely elusive. In this study, we harnessed a combination of multi-source remote-sensing data and reanalysis data. We employed Theil–Sen median trend analysis, multivariate regression residual analysis, and the Hurst index to examine the impacts and changing patterns of climatic factors and human activities on China’s EEQ during the past two decades. Furthermore, we endeavored to forecast the future trajectory of EEQ. Our findings underscore a significant improvement in EEQ across most regions of China between 2002 and 2019, with the most pronounced enhancements observed in the Loess Plateau, Northeast China, and South China. This transformation can be attributed to the combined influence of climatic factors and human activities, which jointly accounted for alterations in EEQ across 78.25% of China’s geographical expanse. Human activities (HA) contributed 3.93% to these changes, while climatic factors (CC) contributed 17.79%. Additionally, our projections indicate that EEQ is poised to continue improving in 56.70% of China’s territory in the foreseeable future. However, the Loess Plateau, Tarim Basin, and Inner Mongolia Plateau are anticipated to experience a declining trend. Consequently, within the context of global climate change, the judicious management of human activities emerges as a critical imperative for maintaining EEQ in China. This study, bridging existing gaps in the literature, furnishes a scientific foundation for comprehending the evolving dynamics of EEQ in China and informs the optimization of management policies in this domain.

As one of China’s largest national parks, Sanjiangyuan National Park (SNP) plays a crucial role in preserving ecological security and biodiversity. Conducting a scientific evaluation of dynamic changes in vegetation ecological quality and landscape patterns within the park is essential for ensuring its sustainable development and conservation as a national ecological security barrier. This study analyzed the spatial and temporal dynamics of vegetation ecological quality index (VEQI) and Landscape Pattern Metrics (LPM) in SNP using the VEQI model and Fragstats 4.2.1, along with spatial correlation analyses spanning from 2007 to 2022. The findings indicated an overall upward trend in VEQI, with a notable increase of approximately 38.88% over the 15-year period. Particularly in the Yangtze River Source Park, VEQI exhibited the most significant increase, reaching 48.99%. Furthermore, forest and shrub cover types displayed higher VEQI values and demonstrated an increasing trend, signifying significant ecological improvement in these ecosystems. Regarding landscape patterns, patch density (PD) and landscape shape index (LSI) demonstrated an increasing trend, while average patch area and edge density (ED) gradually decreased, indicating a rising level of landscape fragmentation. High values of the largest patch index (LPI) were primarily concentrated in the Lancangjiang source park, the Yellow River source park, and the southern part of the Yangtze River source, suggesting greater ecological connectivity in these regions. Spatial autocorrelation analysis between VEQI and LPM revealed significant spatial heterogeneity. Specifically, VEQI exhibited positive correlations with LPI and mean patch area, while showing negative correlations with PD, ED, PR, TE, NP, and mean shape index. This indicates that areas with lower vegetation ecological quality tend to exhibit higher landscape fragmentation and complexity. The study’s findings highlight the increasing trend in VEQI and changing landscape fragmentation within SNP, offering a scientific foundation for ecological protection policy formulation and sustainable park development.

Ecotourism, as a resilient and sustainable form of tourism, plays an increasingly vital role in regional economic growth and ecological conservation, particularly in the face of challenges such as climate change and rapid urbanization. This study employs spatial-temporal analysis tools including GIS, Fragstats, and GeoDa to examine the dynamic evolution of ecotourism suitability levels (ESL) and landscape patterns (LP) in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) from 2002 to 2022. By incorporating spatial autocorrelation analysis, the relationship between ESL and LP is investigated to assess the adaptive capacity of the regional ecotourism system. The results reveal the following: (1) Overall Trends: ESL in the YRD has generally increased over the past two decades, with expansions observed in both high and very low suitability areas, while areas of low suitability have contracted. (2) Spatial Patterns: Core cities such as Shanghai, Hangzhou, Nanjing, and Hefei exhibit high ESL; however, these areas also face intensified landscape fragmentation and decreased ecological connectivity. (3) Landscape Patterns: The region has experienced increasing landscape fragmentation and diversity, particularly in economically advanced zones, posing significant challenges to ecological resilience. (4) Spatial Clustering: Notable spatial clustering of ESL and LP indices is identified in highly urbanized areas, underscoring the necessity for adaptive landscape planning and flexible policy frameworks. This study provides empirical evidence and strategic recommendations to enhance the resilience and sustainability of ecotourism in rapidly urbanizing regions, supporting adaptive responses to crises and informed long-term decision-making.