The unique climate and the landscape of severely cold regions in winter attract many tourists. The outdoor thermal environment affects the space use and the tourist experience, becoming one of the key factors in the design of tourist attractions. The outdoor thermal comfort of tourists from different regions should be considered, but it has been poorly studied in winter in severely cold regions. This paper explores the differences in outdoor thermal comfort in winter between local and non-local tourists through the field measurement of the thermal environment and a questionnaire survey of thermal comfort at tourist attractions in Harbin, China. The results show that the proportion of local tourists who expect the air temperature and solar radiation to rise in winter is higher than that of non-local tourists. The thermal sensation vote of local tourists is generally higher than that of non-local tourists. When the Physiologically Equivalent Temperature (PET) < −6 °C, the thermal satisfaction of non-local tourists is higher than that of local tourists. When the PET value is −10 °C, the thermal comfort of non-local tourists is the highest. The thermal comfort decreases with the rise or fall of the PET value. When −28 °C < PET < −7 °C, the thermal comfort of non-local tourists is generally higher than that of local tourists. This paper provides a reference and evaluation basis for urban tourist attractions’ outdoor thermal environment design in severely cold regions.

It is important for engineering applications that we evaluate the thermal environment based on long-term tracking and investment. Methods merging environmental, physiological, and psychological domains to implement a human-centered approach were applied in this study to assess the outdoor thermal environment in a park. The constant influence of humans in the outdoor environment can change people’s physiological, psychological, and thermal responses. Additionally, the relationship between human physiological, psychological, and thermal factors was explored in this study. The results of this study provide the following findings: (1) In summer, subjects’ skin temperature increased by 0.35 to 2.83 °C during a one-hour outdoor test without shelter, while when tree shade was provided, subjects’ skin temperature dropped by 0.50 to 1.87 °C (except for motion segments). (2) In winter, if subjects stayed outdoors for 1 h, their body segments’ skin temperature dropped by a maximum of 7.93 °C. (3) When subjects went outside, in the early stage, their thermal responses fluctuated for a long time. Therefore, TSV, TCV, and TAV should be measured after they stay outdoors for 45 to 55 min in future studies. (4) Different body segments show different sensitivities to hot or cold. Considering this, a new group of formulas for mean skin temperature calculation are proposed with high accuracy (winter: 0.95; summer: 0.89). (5) Data for the one-hour change in different assessment indicators provide a good viewpoint for park design considering multiple aims such as comfort (TCV), pleasure (EVI), and increasing energy (PFI). Overall, this study took Stalin Waterfront Park as a case study, and some suggestions involving landscaping nodes, space types, and facilities are offered. Moreover, this study provides a novel theory and reasonable method that can be referred to in urban planning and landscape design.