This study aimed to link pharmacokinetic (PK) data from different flurbiprofen preparations for the treatment of sore throat with published data to elucidate whether early efficacy is due to the local action of flurbiprofen or a systemic effect after absorption of the swallowed drug. Three comparative bioavailability studies conducted in healthy subjects provided data from flurbiprofen 8.75 mg formulations, including spray solution, spray gel, lozenges, and granules. A parallel interstudy comparison was made of PK parameters, including partial AUCs (pAUCs), using an ANOVA model with the calculation of 90% confidence intervals (CI) for the differences between least squares (LS) means for each of the test groups versus the respective reference groups. All three studies showed bioequivalence for the respective product comparisons. The interstudy comparison showed a slower rate of absorption for granules compared to spray solution (reference) based on T_max, C_max, and pAUCs for 1 h and 2 h. When AUC_0.25h and AUC_0.5h were considered, slower rates of absorption were also seen for lozenges and spray gel. The differences correlated with the reported time of onset of action, which is faster for the spray solution (20 min) compared to lozenges (26 min) and granules (30 min). These pAUCs provide useful data that allow for the discrimination between formulations. Moreover, the pAUC values represent <5% of the total AUC, suggesting that the early onset of pain relief is a response to immediate local absorption at the site of action rather than a systemic effect.

The topic of this paper, underestimating risk leading to the collapse of the market leader in tourism, is demonstrated on the example of the British travel agency Thomas Cook, which at one time was one of the oldest and largest travel agencies in the world. The aim of this paper is to analyze the development of the stock prices of Thomas Cook from May 13, 2018 to May 19, 2019 and the factors that had an impact on the share price of this company in the monitored period. The base source of data are the share prices of the travel agency Thomas Cook in the specified period from May 13, 2018 to May 19, 2019 published by MarketWatch. A statistical description of time series is used, a moving average trend line is displayed, and a cause-and-effect analysis evaluating the impact of the published information on the value of Thomas Cook’s stocks is carried out. The general lesson for companies resulting from this contribution is that every negative event, announcement or piece of information has a negative impact on the value of a company’s shares and a collapse could happen even to the leader of a given industry. The collapse of Thomas Cook provides lessons for companies doing business in tourism, so that in the event of a planned merger, a suitable company is selected, the company’s funds are under control and development trends in the field are monitored.